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　　第五：仁慈溫厚，性情和煦。

　　Fifth: Kindness and gentleness (maddava). He must posses a genial temperament.

　　第六：習慣節約，生活簡單，不耽奢華，克己端嚴。

　　Sixth: Austerity in habits (tapa). He must lead a simple life, and should not indulge in a life of luxury. He must have self-control.

　　第七：無嗔無恚，亦無怨毒。不懷芥蒂，不念舊惡。

　　Seventh: Freedom from hatred, ill-will, enmity (akkadha). He should bear no grudge against anybody.

　　第八：不尚暴力。不但本身不肯傷害他人，並應盡力提倡和平，阻遏戰爭以及一切運用暴力毀傷生命之舉措。

　　Eight: Non-violence (avihimsā), which means not only that he should harm nobody, but also that he should try to promote peace by avoiding and preventing war, and everything which involves violence and destruction of life.

　　第九：忍耐、自製、寬容、諒解。必須能夠忍受困苦艱辛、譏刺橫辱，不生嗔怒。

　　Ninth: Patient, forbearance, tolerance, understanding (khanti). He must be able to bear hardships, difficulties and insults without losing his temper.

　　第十：不爲反逆梗阻之事。就是說，不做違反人民意願之事，不梗阻任何有利人民的措施。換言之，治理人民，應與人民和諧相處。［注十］

　　Tenth: Non-opposition, non-obstruction (avirodha), that is to say that he should not oppose the will of the people, should not obstruct any measures that are conductive to the welfare of the people. In other words he should rule in harmony with his people. [11]

　　一國當政之人，如果具備有上述的德性，不用說，這國家一定是快樂的。但是這並不是一個烏托邦，因爲在印度過去的時代中，就曾有過如阿輸迦(阿育王)的國王，完全以前開的法條爲其立國之本。

　　If a country id ruled by men endowed with such qualities, it is needless to say that that country must be happy. But this was not a Utopia, for there were kings in the past like Asoka of India who had established kingdoms based on these ideas.

　　今天的世界，經常處于恐怖、猜疑、緊張之中。科學所産生的武器，足以造成不可想像的毀滅。強國們揮舞著這種新式的死亡的工具，互相威脅挑釁，厚顔地互相誇耀各自的能力可以比對方造成更巨大的破壞與痛苦。

　　The world today lives in constant fear, suspicion, and tension. Science has produced weapons which are capable of unimaginable destruction. Brandishing these new instruments of death, great powers threaten and challenge one another, boasting shamelessly that one could cause more destruction and misery in the world than the other.

　　他們沿著這條瘋狂之路前進，已到了一個地段，只要再向前邁進一步，其結果除了互相消滅並連帶將全人類一齊毀掉之外，別無他途。

　　They have gone along this path of madness to such a point that now, if they take one more step forward in that direction, the result will be nothing but mutual annihilation along with the total destruction of humanity.

　　人類對于自己所造成的情況，深感恐懼。亟想找一條出路，謀求某種解決辦法。但是除了佛所指示的以外，再沒有別的方法。佛的福音就是非暴、和平、友愛、慈悲、容忍、諒解、求真理、求智慧、尊重一切生命、不自私、不憎恨、不逞強。

　　Human beings in fear of the situation they have themselves created, want to find a way out, and seek some kind of solution. But there is none except that held out by the Buddha – his message of non –violence and peace, of love and compassion, of tolerance and understanding, of truth and wisdom, of respect and regard of all life, of freedom from selfishness, hatred and violence.

　　佛說：“仇恨永不能化解仇恨，只有仁愛可以化解仇恨，這是永恒的至理。”［注十一］又說：“應以慈惠戰勝嫉忿，以善勝惡，以布施勝自私，以真實勝虛诳。”［注十二］

　　The Buddha says: ”Never by hatred is hatred appeased, but it is appeased by kindness. This is an eternal truth.” [12]

　　只要人類一天渴想征服他的同胞，人間就一天不會有和平快樂。如佛所說：“戰勝者滋長仇恨，戰敗者于哀痛中倒下。勝敗俱泯的人才是快樂而和平的。”［注十叁］

　　”One should win anger through kindness wickedness through goodness, selfishness through charity and falsehood through truthfulness.” [13]

　　唯一能帶來和平與快樂的征服是自我的征服。“有人能在戰陣中征服百萬雄師，但是征服他自己的人，雖然只征服了一個人，卻是一切戰勝者中最偉大的。”［注十四］

　　There can be no peace or happiness for man as long as he desires and thirsts after conquering and subjugating his neighbour. As the Buddha says: ”The victor breeds hatred, and the defeated lies down in misery. He who renounces both victory and defeat is happy and peaceful.” [14] The only conquest that brings peace and happiness is self-conquest. ”One may conquer millions in battle, but he who conquers himself, only one, is the greatest of conqueors.” [15]

　　你要說這一切都很美、很高尚、很超絕，但是不切實際。互相憎恨就切實際嗎？互相殺伐，像生存在叢林裏的野獸一樣終朝戰戰兢兢猜疑恐懼，是不是這樣更切實際更安逸？曾有仇恨因仇恨而消解的嗎？曾有邪惡被邪惡所戰勝嗎？可是卻至少有若幹個別的例子證明仇恨…

《佛陀的啓示 第八章 佛的教誡與今日世界 Chapter VIII· What the Buddha Taught and the World Today》全文未完，請進入下頁繼續閱讀…