打开我的阅读记录 ▼
訪問繁體版(BIG5)

佛教词典在线查询

共在3本字典中找到 88 条与“av ”相关的内容
以下是【南传佛教英文辞典】的查询结果:
南传佛教英文辞典 【1】aviha

  (derivation  uncertain;  Sanskrit  avrha)  is  one  of  the  five  Pure  Abodes  (suddha^va^sa,  q.v.)  in  the  fine-material  sphere.  For  details,  s.  under  Ana^ga^mi^.

南传佛教英文辞典 【2】bhava

  The  2-fold  division,  kamma  and  upapatti,  is  probably  found  for  the  first  time  in  Vibh.  of  the  Abh.  Canon,  but  it  expresses  throughout  the  genuine  teaching  of  the  suttas.

南传佛教英文辞典 【3】bhava

  ”becoming”,  ”process  of  existence”,  consists  of  3  planes:  sensuous  existence  (ka^ma-bhava),  fine-material  existence  (rúpa-bhava),  immaterial  existence  (arúpa-bhava).  Cf.  loka.
The  whole  process  of  existence  may  be  divided  into  two  aspects:
(1)  Karma-process  (kamma-bhava),  i.e.  the  karmically  active  side  of  existence,  being  the  cause  of  rebirth  and  consisting  in  wholesome  and  unwholesome  volitional  actions.  See  Karma,  paticca-samuppa^da  (IX).
(2)  Karma-produced  rebirth,  or  regenerating  process  (uppattibhava),  i.e.  the  karmically  passive  side  of  existence  consisting  in  the  arising  and  developing  of  the  karma-produced  and  therefore  morally  neutral  mental  and  bodily  phenomena  of  existence.  Cf.  Tab.  -  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【4】a^sava

  (lit:  influxes),  ”cankers”,  taints,  corruption”s,  intoxicant  biases.  There  is  a  list  of  four  (as  in  D.  16,  Pts.M.,  Vibh.):  the  canker  of  sense-desire  (ka^ma^sava),  of  (desiring  eternal)  existence  (bhava^sava),  of  (wrong)  views  (dittha^sava),  and  of  ignorance  (avijja^sava).  A  list  of  three,  omitting  the  canker  of  views,  is  possibly  older  and  is  more  frequent  in  the  Suttas,  e.g.  in  M.  2,  M.  9,  D.  33;  A.  III,  59,  67;  A.  VI,  63.  -  In  Vibh.  (Khuddakavatthu  Vibh.)  both  the  3-fold  and  4-fold  division  are  mentioned.  The  fourfold  division  also  occurs  under  the  name  of  ”floods”  (ogha)  and  ”yokes”  (yoga).
Through  the  path  of  Stream-Entry,  the  canker  of  views  is  destroyed;  through  the  path  of  Non-Returning,  the  canker  of  sense-desire;  through  the  path  of  Arahatship,  the  cankers  of  existence  and  ignorance.  M.  2  shows  how  to  overcome  the  cankers,  namely,  through  insight,  sense-control,  avoidance,  wise  use  of  the  necessities  of  life,  etc.  For  a  commentarial  exposition,  see  Atthasa^lini  Tr.  I,  p.  63f:  II,  pp.  475ff.
Khi^na^sava,  ”one  whose  cankers  are  destroyed”,  or  ”one  who  is  canker-free”,  is  a  name  for  the  Arahat  or  Holy  One.  The  state  of  Arahatship  is  frequently  called  a^savakkhaya,  ”the  destruction  of  the  cankers”.  Suttas  concluding  with  the  attainment  of  Arahatship  by  the  listeners,  often  end  with  the  words:  "During  this  utterance,  the  hearts  of  the  Bhikkhus  were  freed  from  the  cankers  through  clinging  no  more"  (anupa^da^ya  a^savehi  citta^ni  vimuccimsú”ti).

南传佛教英文辞典 【5】Avi^ci

  is  the  name  of  one  of  the  most  frightful  hells  (niraya,  q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【6】favour

  4  ways  of  showing  sangaha-vatthu.  (q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【7】javana

  (fr.  javati,  to  impel):  ”impulsion”,  is  the  phase  of  full  cognition  in  the  cognitive  series,  or  perceptual  process  (citta-vi^thi;  s.  vin~n~a^na-kicca)  occurring  at  its  climax,  if  the  respective  object  is  large  or  distinct.  It  is  at  this  phase  that  karma  is  produced,  i.e.  wholesome  or  unwholesome  volition  concerning  the  perception  that  was  the  object  of  the  previous  stages  of  the  respective  process  of  consciousness.  There  are  normally  7  impulsive  moments.  In  mundane  consciousness  (lokiya,  q.v.),  any  of  the  17  karmically  wholesome  classes  of  consciousness  (Tab.  I,  1-17)  or  of  the  12  unwholesome  ones  (Tab.  I,  22-23)  may  arise  at  the  phase  of  impulsion.  For  the  Arahat,  however,  impulsion  has  no  longer  a  karmic,  i.e.  rebirth-producing  character,  but  is  a  karmically  independent  function  (kiriya,  q.v.;  Tab.  I,  72-89).  There  are  further  8  supermundane  classes  of  impulsion  (Tab.  I,  18-21,  66-69).
The  4  impulsive  moments  immediately  before  entering  an  absorption  (jha^na,  q.v.)  or  one  of  the  supermundane  paths  (magga;  s.  ariyapuggala)  are:  the  preparatory  (parikamma),  approach  (upaca^ra),  adaptation  (anuloma),  and  maturity-moment  (gotrabhú,  q.v.)  In  connection  with  entering  the  earth-kasina  absorption  (s.  kasina),  they  are  explained  as  follows,  in  Vis.M.  IV:  "After  the  breaking  off  of  the  subconscious  stream  of  being  (bhavanga-sota,  q.v.),  there  arises  the  ”advertence  at  the  mind-door”  (manodva^ra^vajjana,  s.  vin~n~a^nakicca),  taking  as  object  the  earthkasina  (whilst  thinking),  ”Earth!  Earth!”  Thereupon,  4  or  5  impulsive  moments  flash  forth,  amongst  which  the  last  one  (maturity-moment)  belongs  to  the  fine-material  sphere  (rúpa^vacara),  whereas  the  rest  belong  to  the  sense-sphere  (ka^ma^vacara;  s.  avacara),  though  the  last  one  is  more  powerful  in  thought  conception,  discursive  thinking,  interest  (rapture),  joy  and  concentration  (cf.  jha^na)  than  the  states  of  consciousness  belonging  to  the  sense-sphere.  They  are  called  ”preparatory”  (parikamma-sama^dhi),  as  they  are  preparing  for  the  attainment-concentration  (appana^-sama^dhi);”approaching”  (upaca^ra-sama^dhi),  as  they  are  close  to  the  attainment-concentration  and  are  moving  in  its  neighbourhood;”adaptive”  (anuloma),  as  they  adapt  themselves  to  the  preceding  preparatory  states  and  to  the  succeeding  attainment  concentration.  The  last  one  of  the  four  is  called  ”matured”  (gotrabhú).  In  a  similar  way,  the  impulsive  moments  before  reaching  the  divine  ear  are  described  in  Vis.M.  XIII,  1.  -  Cf.  Karma  -  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【8】javana

  The  only  reference  in  the  Sutta  Pitaka  is  Pts.M.  II,  73:  kusalakammassa  javana-khane,  "in  the  impulsion-moment  of  a  wholesome  karma."  In  the  Abhidhamma  Pitaka  it  is  briefly  mentioned  in  the  Pattha^na,  but  without  explanation,  as  if  already  known.  The  teaching  of  the  flashing  forth  of  4  javana  immediately  before  entering  the  jha^na  or  lokuttara-magga,  i.e.  parikamma,  upaca^ra,  anuloma,  gotrabhú  is,  as  such,  without  doubt  a  later  development  in  the  commentarial  literature.

南传佛教英文辞典 【9】avacara

  ”sphere”,  realm.  The  3  spheres  of  existence  are:  the  sensuous  sphere  (ka^ma^vacara),  the  fine-material  sphere  (rúpa^vacara),  the  immaterial  sphere  (arúpa^vacara)."Which  things  are  of  the  sensuous  sphere  (ka^ma^vacara)?  Whatever  things  exist  within  the  interval  bounded  beneath  by  the  Avi^ci-hell  and  above  by  the  Paranimmitavasavatti-heaven  (s.  deva),  having  therein  their  sphere,  and  being  therein  included,  to  wit:  the  groups  of  existence,  the  elements,  bases  (s.  khandha,  dha^tu,  a^yatana),  corporeality,  feeling,  perception,  mental  formations  and  consciousness,  all  these  things  are  of  the  sensuous  sphere.  -  But  which  things  are  of  the  fine  material  sphere  (rúpa^vacara)?  Whatever  things  exist  within  the  interval  bounded  beneath  by  the  Brahma-world  and  above  by  the  Akanittha-world  (s.  deva),  having  therein  their  sphere,  and  being  therein  included  ...  and  also  consciousness  and  mental  factors  in  one  who  has  entered  the  (fine-material)  absorptions,  or  who  has  been  reborn  in  that  sphere,  or  who  already  during  his  life-time  is  living  in  happiness  (of  the  absorptions),  all  these  things  are  of  the  fine-material  sphere.  -  Which  things  are  of  the  immaterial  sphere  (arúpa^vacara)?  Consciousness  and  mental  factors  arising  within  the  interval  bounded  beneath  by  the  beings  reborn  in  the  sphere  of  unbounded  space  and  above  by  the  beings  reborn  in  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  (s.  jha^na  5-8),  and  consciousness  and  mental  factors  in  one  who  has  entered  the  (immaterial  absorptions),  or  who  has  been  reborn  in  that  sphere,  or  who  already  during  his  lifetime  is  living  in  happiness  (of  the  immaterial  absorptions),  all  these  things  are  of  the  immaterial  sphere."  (Cf.  Dhs.  1280,  1282,  1284;  Vibh.  XVIII).  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【10】avacara

  ka^ma^vacara  is  already  met  with  in  the  oldest  sutta  texts  (e.g.  D.  1).  Rúpa^vacara  and  arúpa^vacara,  however,  occur  probably  for  the  first  time  in  Pts.M.  (I.  83ff.),  while  in  the  Abhidhamma  Canon  and  the  Com.  all  the  3  terms  are  frequently  mentioned  and  explained.

南传佛教英文辞典 【11】avijja^

  ”ignorance,”  nescience,  unknowing;  synonymous  with  delusion  (moha,  s.  múla),  is  the  primary  root  of  all  evil  and  suffering  in  the  world,  veiling  man”s  mental  eyes  and  preventing  him  from  seeing  the  true  nature  of  things.  It  is  the  delusion  tricking  beings  by  making  life  appear  to  them  as  permanent,  happy,  substantial  and  beautiful  and  preventing  them  from  seeing  that  everything  in  reality  is  impermanent,  liable  to  suffering,  void  of  ”I”  and  ”mine”,  and  basically  impure  (s.  vipalla^sa).  Ignorance  is  defined  as  ”not  knowing  the  four  truths,  namely,  suffering,  its  origin,  its  cessation,  and  the  way  to  its  cessation”  (S.  XII,  4).
As  ignorance  is  the  foundation  of  all  life-affirming  actions,  of  all  evil  and  suffering,  therefore  it  stands  first  in  the  formula  of  Dependent  Origination  (paticca-samuppa^da,  q.v.).  But  for  that  reason,  says  Vis.M.  (XVII,  36f)  ignorance  should  not  be  regarded  as  "the  causeless  root-cause  of  the  world  ...  It  is  not  causeless.  For  a  cause  of  it  is  stated  thus  ”With  the  arising  of  cankers  (a^sava,  q.v.)  there  is  the  arising  of  ignorance”  (M.  9).  But  there  is  a  figurative  way  in  which  it  can  be  treated  as  a  root-cause;  namely,  when  it  is  made  to  serve  as  a  starting  point  in  an  exposition  of  the  Round  of  Existence  ...  As  it  is  said:  ”No  first  beginning  of  ignorance  can  be  perceived,  Bhikkhus,  before  which  ignorance  was  not,  and  after  which  it  came  to  be.  But  it  can  be  perceived  that  ignorance  has  its  specific  condition  (idappaccaya)"  (A.  X,  61).  The  same  statement  is  made  (A.  X,  62)  about  the  craving  for  existence  (bhava-tanha^;  s.  tanha^).  The  latter  and  ignorance  are  called  "the  outstanding  causes  of  kamma  that  lead  to  unhappy  and  happy  destinies"  (Vis.M.  XVII,  38).
As  ignorance  still  exists  -  though  in  a  very  refined  way  until  the  attainment  of  Arahatship  or  Holiness,  it  is  counted  as  the  last  of  the  10  fetters  (samyojana,  q.v.)  which  bind  beings  to  the  cycle  of  rebirths.  As  the  first  two  roots  of  evil,  greed  and  hate  (s.  múla),  are  on  their  part  rooted  in  ignorance,  consequently  all  unwholesome  states  of  mind  are  inseparably  bound  up  with  it.  Ignorance  (or  delusion)  is  the  most  obstinate  of  the  three  roots  of  evil.
Ignorance  is  one  of  the  cankers  (a^sava,  q.v.)  and  proclivities  (anusaya,  q.v.).  It  is  often  called  a  hindrance  (ni^varana;  e.g.  in  S.XV,  3;  A.X,  61)  but  does  not  appear  together  with  the  usual  list  of  five  hindrances.

南传佛教英文辞典 【12】craving

  tanha^  (q.v.),  ra^ga  (q.v.);  further  s.  múla.

南传佛教英文辞典 【13】navanga

  buddha  (or  satthu)-  sa^sana:  s.  sa^sana.

南传佛教英文辞典 【14】vibhava

  ditthi  =  uccheda-ditthi;  s.  ditthi.

南传佛教英文辞典 【15】aversion

  (from  existence),  contemplation  of:  s.  vipassana^  (VI  .  5)

南传佛教英文辞典 【16】bhavanga

  sota  and  bhavanga  citta:  The  first  term  may  tentatively  be  rendered  as  the  ”undercurrent  forming  the  condition  of  being,  or  existence”,  and  the  second  as  ”subconsciousness”,  though,  as  will  be  evident  from  the  following,  it  differs  in  several  respects  from  the  usage  of  that  term  in  Western  psychology.  Bhavanga  (bhava-anga),  which,  in  the  canonical  works,  is  mentioned  twice  or  thrice  in  the  Pattha^na,  is  explained  in  the  Abhidhamma  commentaries  as  the  foundation  or  condition  (ka^rana)  of  existence  (bhava),  as  the  sine  qua  non  of  life,  having  the  nature  of  a  process,  lit.  a  flux  or  stream  (sota).  Herein,  since  time  immemorial,  all  impressions  and  experiences  are,  as  it  were,  stored  up,  or  better  said,  are  functioning,  but  concealed  as  such  to-  full  consciousness,  from  where  however  they  occasionally  emerge  as  subconscious  phenomena  and  approach  the  threshold  of  full  consciousness,  or  crossing  it  become  fully  conscious.  This  so-called  ”subconscious  life-stream”  or  undercurrent  of  life  is  that  by  which  might  be  explained  the  faculty  of  memory,  paranormal  psychic  phenomena,  mental  and  physical  growth,  karma  and  rebirth.  etc.  An  alternative  rendering  is  ”life-continuum”.
It  should  be  noted  that  bhavanga-citta  is  a  karma-resultant  state  of  consciousness  (vipa^ka,  q.v.),  and  that,  in  birth  as  a  human  or  in  higher  forms  of  existence,  it  is  always  the  result  of  good,  or  wholesome  karma  (kusala-kamma-vipa^ka),  though  in  varying  degrees  of  strength  (s.  patisandhi,  end  of  the  article).  The  same  holds  true  for  rebirth  consciousness  (patisandhi)  and  death  consciousness  (cuti),  which  are  only  particular  manifestations  of  subconsciousness.  In  Vis.M.  XIV  it  is  said:
"As  soon  as  rebirth-consciousness  (in  the  embryo  at  the  time  of  conception)  has  ceased,  there  arises  a  similar  subconsciousness  with  exactly  the  same  object,  following  immediately  upon  rebirth-consciousness  and  being  the  result  of  this  or  that  karma  (volitional  action  done  in  a  former  birth  and  remembered  there  at  the  moment  before  death).  And  again  a  further  similar  state  of  subconsciousness  arises.  Now,  as  long  as  no  other  consciousness  arises  to  interrupt  the  continuity  of  the  life-stream,  so  long  the  life-stream,  like  the  flow  of  a  river,  rises  in  the  same  way  again  and  again,  even  during  dreamless  sleep  and  at  other  times.  In  this  way  one  has  to  understand  the  continuous  arising  of  those  states  of  consciousness  in  the  life-stream."  Cf.  vin~n~a^na-kicca.  For  more  details,  s.  Fund.  11.  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【17】avihimsa^

  (equivalents:  ahimsa^,  avihesa^):  ”harmlessness”,  nonviolence,  absence  of  cruelty.  The  ”thought  of  harmlessness”  (or:  ”non-cruelty”;  avihimsa^-vitakka)  is  one  of  the  three  constituents  of  right  thought  (samma^-sankappa),  i.e.  the  2nd  factor  of  the  Eightfold  Path  (s.  magga).  In  the  several  lists  of  ”elements”  (dha^tu)  appears  also  an  ”element  of  harmlessness”  (avihesa^-dha^tu),  in  the  sense  of  an  elementary  quality  of  noble  thought.  See  Dhp.  225,  261,  270,  300.

南传佛教英文辞典 【18】avikkhepa

  ”undistractedness”,  is  a  synonym  of  concentration  (sama^dhi,  q.v.),  one-pointedness  of  mind  (citt”ekaggata^)  and  tranquillity  (samatha,  q.v.;  further  s.  samatha-vipassana^).

南传佛教英文辞典 【19】avya^kata

  This  term  in  the  sense  of  ”amoral”  or  ”karmically  neutral”,  does  not  occur  in  the  old  sutta  texts,  while  it  is  found  in  Pts.M.  (e.g.  I,  79ff).  It  plays  an  important  role  in  the  Abh.  Canon  (e.g.  Dhs.)  and  the  philosophical  commentaries.

南传佛教英文辞典 【20】avya^kata

  lit.”indeterminate”  -  i.e.  neither  determined  as  karmically  ”wholesome”  nor  as  ”unwholesome”  -  are  the  karmically  neutral,  i.e.  amoral,  states  of  consciousness  and  mental  factors.  They  are  either  mere  karma-results  (vipa^ka,  q.v.),  as  e.g.  all  the  sense  perceptions  and  the  mental  factors  associated  therewith,  or  they  are  karmically  independent  functions  (kiriya-citta,  q.v.),  i.e.  neither  karmic  nor  karma-resultant.  See  Tab.  I.  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【21】behaviour

  morality  consisting  in  good:  abhisama^ca^rikasi^la  (q.v.)  .

南传佛教英文辞典 【22】avya^pa^da

  ”hatelessness”,  non-ill-will,  goodness;  is  one  of  the  three  kinds  of  right  thought  (s.  sacca,  IV.  2),  or  wholesome  thoughts  (vitakka,  q.v.)  and  is  the  9th  of  the  10  wholesome  courses  of  actions  (kammapatha  II.  q.v.).  The  most  frequently  used  synonyms  are  adosa  (s.  múla)  and  metta^  (s.  brahma-viha^ra).

南传佛教英文辞典 【23】bhava^sava

  ”canker  of  existence”;  s.  a^sava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【24】ka^ma^sava

  s:  a^sava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【25】punabbhava

  lit.:  re-becoming;”renewed  existence”,  is  a  sutta  term  for  ”rebirth”,  which,  in  later  literature  mostly  is  called  patisandhi  (q.v.).  The  attainment  of  Sainthood  (arahatta),  implying  the  end  of  future  rebirths,  is  often  expressed  in  the  words:  "This  is  the  last  birth.  Now  there  is  no  more  a  renewed  existence!"  (natthi  ”da^ni  punabbhavo)  (M.  26;  D.  15;  Therag.  87,  339;  Sn.  502).  -  The  term  is  often  linked  with  abhinibbatti  (”arising”).
"But  how,  o  brother,  does  it  come  to  renewed  existence  and  arising  in  the  future  (a^yatim  punabbhava^bhinibbatti)?  Because  beings,  obstructed  by  ignorance  and  fettered  by  craving,  find  ever  fresh  delight  now  here,  now  there,  for  this  reason  there  is  renewed  existence  and  arising  in  the  future"  (M.  43).  See  also  S.XII.  38.  Abhinibbatti  also  stands  sometimes  alone  in  signifying  ”rebirth”,  e.g.  in  A.  VI,  61;  X,  65.
Cf.,  in  the  2nd  Truth,  the  adj.  ponobhavika,  ”leading  to  renewed  existence”.
See  A.  III,  76;  Sn.  163,  273,  514,  733;  S.  VII,  12;  X,  3.

南传佛教英文辞典 【26】therava^da

  ”Doctrine  of  the  Elders”,  is  a  name  of  the  oldest  form  of  the  Buddha”s  teachings,  handed  down  to  us  in  the  Pa^li  language.  According  to  tradition,  its  name  is  derived  from  the  fact  of  having  been  fixed  by  500  holy  Elders  of  the  Order,  soon  after  the  death  of  the  Master.
Therava^da  is  the  only  one  of  the  old  schools  of  Buddhism  that  has  survived  among  those  which  Maha^ya^nists  have  called  ”Hinaya^na”.  It  is  sometimes  called  Southern  Buddhism  or  Pa^li  Buddhism.  It  is  found  today  in  Sri  Lanka,  Burma,  Thailand,  Cambodia,  Laos  and  Chittagong  (East  Bengal.  )  -  Cf.  Guide,  p.  60.  -  (App.).  thi^na  middha:  ”sloth  and  torpor”,  constitute  the  3rd  of  the  5  hindrances  (ni^varana,  q.v.).  They  may  or  may  not,  be  associated  with  greedy  consciousness  (s.  Tab.  23.  25,  27,  29  and  II).

南传佛教英文辞典 【27】therava^da

  This  term  was  already  used  by  the  Buddha  himself  in  speaking  of  the  doctrine  of  a^la^ra-Ka^la^ma  (s.  M.  26).  As  a  name  for  the  Buddha”s  doctrine  it  belongs  to  the  commentarial  literature.

南传佛教英文辞典 【28】upavica^ra

  s.  manopavica^ra.

南传佛教英文辞典 【29】arúpa bhava

  s.  bhava,  loka.

南传佛教英文辞典 【30】ka^ma bhava

”sensuous  existence”;  s.  bhava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【31】kamma bhava

  s.  bhava,  paticcasamuppa^da.

南传佛教英文辞典 【32】khi^na^sava

  ”the  one  in  whom  all  cankers  are  destroyed”  is  a  name  for  the  Arahat,  or  Holy  One;  s.  a^sava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【33】vavattha^na

  ”determining”,  defining.  In  its  application  to  insight  meditation,  this  term  occurred  first  in  Pts.M.  (I,  p.  53);  but  in  a  verbal  form,  as  a  past  participle,  already  in  M.  111:  tyassa  dhamma^  anupada-vavatthita^  honti,  "these  things  (the  mental  factors)  were  determined  by  him  (i.e.  Sa^riputta)  successively"  (s.  Abh.  St.,  p.  54).  In  Vis.M.  XX,  130,  it  is  said:  ”The  determining  of  the  truth  of  suffering  is  effected  with  the  determining  of  mind-and-body  in  the  purification  of  view  (s.  visuddhi  III).  The  determining  of  the  truth  of  origination  is  effected  with  the  discerning  of  conditions  in  the  purification  by  transcending  doubt  (s.  visuddhi  IV).  The  determining  of  the  truth  of  the  path  is  effected  by  emphasis  on  the  right  path  in  the  purification  by  knowledge  and  vision  of  what  is  path  and  not-path  (s.  visuddhi  V).  Thus  the  determining  of  the  3  truths  (suffering,  origin,  path)  has  been  first  effected  by  means  of  mundane  (lokiya,  q.v.)  knowledge  only."  -  See  sammasana,  visuddhi.
For  the  determining  of  the  4  physical  elements,  s.  dha^tuvavattha^na.

南传佛教英文辞典 【34】a^savakkhaya

  see  above.

南传佛教英文辞典 【35】bhava ditthi

”belief  in  being”  (eternal  personality);  s.  sassataditthi,  ditthi.

南传佛教英文辞典 【36】bhava tanha^

”craving  for  (eternal)  existence”;  s.  tanha^.

南传佛教英文辞典 【37】manopavica^ra

  ”mental  indulging”.  There  are  mentioned  18  ways  of  indulging:  6  in  gladness  (somanassúpavica^ra),  6  in  sorrow  (domanassa),  6  in  indifference  (upekkha^)."Perceiving  with  the  eye  a  visible  form  ...  hearing  with  the  ear  a  sound  ...  being  in  mind  conscious  of  an  object,  one  indulges  in  the  joy-producing  object,  the  sorrow-producing  object,  the  indifference-producing  object..."  (M.  137;  A.  III,  61).  -  In  the  Com.  to  A.,  upavica^ra  is  said  to  be  identical  with  vitakka-vica^ra  (q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【38】upapatti bhava

”rebirth-process”;  s.  bhava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【39】vibhava tanha^

”craving  for  non-existence”,  or  for  self-annihilation;  s.  tanha^.

南传佛教英文辞典 【40】avigata paccaya

”non-disappearance”,  is  one  of  the  24  conditions  (paccaya,  q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【41】pathavi^ dha^tu

”earth-element”.  or  ”solid  element”.  It  is  cognizable  through  the  sensations  of  pressure,  touch,  cold,  heat.  pain,  etc.  -  About  the  4  elements.  s.  dha^tu,  khandha  (I.  A.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【42】pathavi^ kasina

”earth-kasina”  (s.  kasina).

南传佛教英文辞典 【43】nava satta^va^sa

  s.  satta^va^sa.

南传佛教英文辞典 【44】sensuous craving

  ka^ma-tanha^  (-ra^ga),  is  one  of  the  10  fetters  (samyojana,  q.v.),  and  one  of  the  3  kinds  of  craving  (tanha^,  q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【45】upekkhopavica^ra

  ”indulging  in  indifference”;  s.  manopavica^ra.

南传佛教英文辞典 【46】bhavanga santa^na

”continuity  of  subconsciousness”;  s.  santa^na

南传佛教英文辞典 【47】eka voka^ra bhava

  one-group  existence,  is  the  existence  of  the  unconscious  beings  (asan~n~a-satta,  q.v.)  as  they  possess  only  the  corporeality-group.  Cf.  catu-voka^ra-bhava,  pan~ca-voka^ra-bhava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【48】satta^va^sa nava

”abodes  of  beings”.  In  the  sutta-texts  (e.g.  D.  33;  A.IX,  24)  9  such  abodes  are  mentioned:
"There  are,  o  monks,  9  abodes  of  beings,  namely:
(1)  "There  are  beings  who  are  different  in  body  and  different  in  perception,  such  as  the  human  beings,  some  heavenly  beings,  and  some  beings  living  in  the  world  of  suffering  (vinipa^tika,  q.v.).
(2)  ””There  are  beings  who  are  different  in  body  but  equal  in  perception,  such  as  the  first-born  gods  of  the  Brahma-world  (i.e.  at  the  beginning  of  each  new  world-formation;  s.  deva  II).
(3)  ””There  are  beings  who  are  equal  in  body  but  different  in  perception,  such  as  the  Radiant  Gods  (a^bhassara,  s.  deva  II).
(4)  "There  are  beings  who  are  equal  in  body  and  equal  in  perception,  such  as  the  All-Illuminating  Gods  (subha-kinha;  s.  deva  II).
(5)  "There  are  beings  without  perception  and  feeling,  such  as  the  unconscious  beings  (asan~n~a-satta,  q.v.).
(6)  "There  are  beings  who,  through  the  complete  overcoming  of  perceptions  of  matter  (rúpa-san~n~a),  the  disappearance  of  perceptions  of  sense-reaction  (patigha-san~n~a),  and  the  non-attention  to  perceptions  of  variety  thinking:  ”Boundless  is  space”,  are  reborn  in  the  sphere  of  buundless  space  (s.  deva,  III;  jha^na,  5).
(7)  "There  are  beings  who,  through  the  complete  overcoming  of  the  sphere  of  boundless  space,  thinking:  ”Boundless  is  consciousness”,  are  reborn  in  the  sphere  of  boundless  consciousness  (s.  jha^na  6).
(8)  "There  are  beings  who,  through  the  complete  overcoming  of  the  sphere  of  boundless  consciousness,  thinking:  ”Nothing  is  there,  are  reborn  in  the  sphere  of  nothingness  (s.  jha^na,  7).
(9)  "There  are  beings  who,  through  the  complete  overcoming  of  the  sphere  of  nothingness,  are  reborn  in  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  (s.  jha^na,  8)"  (A.  IX,  24).
According  to  the  Com.  to  A.,  the  beings  of  the  Pure  Abodes  (suddha^va^sa,  q.v.)  are  not  mentioned  here,  for  the  reason  that  they  exist  only  in  those  world-periods  in  which  Buddhas  appear.  Cf.  vin~n~a^na-tthiti.

南传佛教英文辞典 【49】catu voka^ra bhava

”four-group  existence”,  is  the  existence  in  the  immaterial  world  (arúpa-loka;  s.  loka),  since  only  the  four  mental  groups  (feeling,  perception,  mental  formations,  consciousness,  s.  khandha)  are  found  there,  the  corporeality  group  being  absent.  Cf.  pan~ca-voka^ra-bhava,  eka-voka^ra-bhava.  (App.:  voka^ra).

南传佛教英文辞典 【50】dha^tu vavattha^na

  This  term  is  first  used  in  Pts.M.  while  the  subject  in  question  is  often  treated  in  the  old  sutta  texts  (e.g.  M.  28,  62,  140,  etc.).  Cf.  sammasana.

南传佛教英文辞典 【51】dha^tu vavattha^na

”analysis  (or  determining)  of  the  4  elements”,  is  described  in  Vis.M.  XI,  2,  as  the  last  of  the  40  mental  exercises  (s.  bha^vana^).  In  a  condensed  form  this  exercise  is  handed  down  in  D.  22  and  M.  10  (s.  satipattha^na),  but  in  detail  explained  in  M.  28,  62,  140.  The  simile  of  the  butcher  in  M.  10  ("Just,  o  monks,  as  a  skilled  butcher  or  butcher”s  apprentice,  after  having  slaughtered  a  cow  and  divided  it  into  separate  portions,  should  sit  down  at  the  junction  of  four  highroads;  just  so  does  the  disciple  contemplate  this  body  with  regard  to  the  elements")  is  thus  explained  in  Vis.M.  XI.:  "To  the  butcher,  who  rears  the  cow,  brings  it  to  the  slaughter-house,  ties  it,  puts  it  there,  slaughters  it,  or  looks  at  the  slaughtered  and  dead  cow,  the  idea  ”cow”  does  not  disappear  as  long  as  he  has  not  yet  cut  the  body  open  and  taken  it  to  pieces.  As  soon,  however,  as  he  sits  down,  after  having  cut  it  open  and  taken  it  to  pieces,  the  idea  ”cow”  disappears  to  him,  and  the  idea  ”meat”  arises.  And  he  does  not  think:  ”A  cow  do  I  sell,  or  ”A  cow  do  they  buy.”  Just  so,  when  the  monk  formerly  was  still  an  ignorant  worldling,  layman  or  a  homeless  one,  the  ideas  ”living  being”  or  ”man”  or  ”individual”  had  not  yet  disappeared  as  long  as  he  had  not  taken  this  body,  whatever  position  or  direction  it  had,  to  pieces  and  analysed  it  piece  by  piece.  As  soon,  however,  as  he  analysed  this  body  into  its  elements,  the  idea  ”living  being”  disappeared  to  him,  and  his  mind  became  established  in  the  contemplation  of  the  elements."  -  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【52】domanassupavica^ra

  ”indulging  in  grief”;  s.  manopavica^ra.

南传佛教英文辞典 【53】somanassúpavica^ra

  ”indulging  in  gladness”;  s.  mano-pavica^ra.

南传佛教英文辞典 【54】paccavekkhana n~a^na

”retrospective  knowledge”,  refers  to  the  recollected  mental  image  obtained  in  concentration,  or  to  any  inner  experience  just  passed,  as  for  instance,  any  absorption  (jha^na  q.v.),  or  any  supermundane  path,  or  fruition  of  the  path,  etc.  (s.  ariya-puggala).  As  it  is  said:  "At  the  end  of  fruitional  consciousness,  consciousness  sinks  into  the  subconscious  stream  of  existence  (bhavanga-sota,  q.v.).  Then,  breaking  off  the  stream  of  existence,  mental  advertence  (manodva^ra^vajjana)  arises  at  the  mind-door,  for  the  purpose  of  retrospecting  the  (just  passed)  path-moment.  Now,  as  soon  as  this  stage  has  passed,  7  moments  of  impulsive  consciousness  (javana-citta),  one  after  the  other,  flash  up  while  retrospecting  the  path.  After  they  again  have  sunk  into  the  subconscious  stream,  there  arise,  for  the  purpose  of  retrospecting  the  fruition  of  the  path  the  moments  of  advertence  and  impulsion,  during  whose  arising  the  monk  is  retrospecting  the  path,  retrospecting  the  fruition,  retrospecting  the  abandoned  defilements,  retrospecting  the  still  remaining  defilements,  retrospecting  Nibba^na  as  object  ....”This  blessing  have  I  attained”....”This  and  that  defilement  still  remains  in  me”....”This  object  have  I  beheld  in  my  mind”,  etc."  (Vis.M.  XXII).

南传佛教英文辞典 【55】paccavekkhana suddhi

”purity  of  reflection”,  is  a  name  for  wise  consideration  in  using  the  4  requisites  allowed  to  the  monk,  i.e.  robes,  food,  dwelling,  and  medicine;  s.  si^la  (4).

南传佛教英文辞典 【56】pan~ca voka^ra bhava

”five-group  existence”,  is  a  name  for  existence  in  the  sensuous  sphere  (ka^ma^vacara),  or  in  the  fine-material  sphere  (rúpa^vacara,  s.  avacara),  since  all  the  5  groups  of  existence  (khandha,  q.v.)  are  found  there.  In  the  immaterial  sphere  (arúpa^vacara,  s.  avacara),  however,  only  the  4  mental  groups  are  found,  and  in  the  world  of  unconscious  beings  (asan~n~a^-satta,  q.v.)  only  the  one  corporeality  group.  Cf  eka-voka^ra-bhava  and  catu-pan~ca-voka^ra-bhava;  further  s.  avacara.  -  (App.:  voka^ra).

南传佛教英文辞典 【57】bhavanga sota^, citta

  These  2  compound  terms  belong  exclusively  to  the  exegetical  literature,  while  the  term  bhavanga  is  several  times,  briefly  and  unexplained,  mentioned  in  the  Patth.  of  the  Abh.  Canon,  as  though  already  known  at  that  time.

南传佛教英文辞典 【58】ji^vita navaka kala^pa

  ninefold  vital  group;  s.  rúpa-kala^pa.

南传佛教英文辞典 【59】catu dha^tu vavattha^na

”analysis  of  the  four  elements”;  s.  dha^tu-vavattha^na.

南传佛教英文辞典 【60】avoidance and performance

  s.  ca^ritta,  etc.  -  The  effort  to  avoid,  s.  padha^na.

南传佛教英文辞典 【61】paranimmita vasavatti deva

”heavenly  beings  with  power  over  the  productions  of  others”,  constitute  a  class  of  heavenly  beings  in  the  sensuous  sphere  (ka^ma-loka).  Ma^ra  (q.v.)  is  said  to  be  their  ruler.  Cf.  loka,  deva  I.

南传佛教英文辞典 【62】a^di^nava^nupassana^ n~a^na

”knowledge  consisting  in  contemplation  of  misery”,  ...
”knowledge  consisting  in  contemplation  of  misery”,  
is  one  of  the  8  kinds  of  insight  (vipassana^)  that  form  the  ”purification  of  the  knowledge  and  vision  of  the  path-progress  (s.  visuddhi,  VI.  4).
It  is  further  one  of  the  18  chief  kinds  of  insight  (s.  vipassana^).

南传佛教英文辞典中的【62】个结果已显示完毕,您可以:

菩提下 - 非赢利性佛教文化公益网站

Copyright © 2020 PuTiXia.Net