Nirvana == 涅槃
Nirvana is a Sanskrit word which is originally translated as "perfect stillness". It has many other meanings, such as liberation, eternal bliss, tranquil extinction, extinction of individual existence, unconditioned, no rebirth, calm joy, etc. It is usually described as transmigration to "extinction", but the meaning given to "extinction" varies.
There are four kinds of Nirvana:
1.Nirvana of pure, clear self-nature
2.Nirvana with residue
3.Nirvana without residue
4.Nirvana of no dwelling
Nirvana without residue == 無余涅槃
Both the cause and effect of reincarnation are extinguished, both afflictions and what is known (Dharma) are extinguished. All kinds of suffering are externally in stillness. There is no further residue. Those beings are Bodhisattva.
Nirvana of no dwelling == 無住涅槃
With the aid of interactive wisdom and compassion, those who do not dwell in birth and death, nor in Nirvana, but continue to cross living beings over forever.
Nirvana with residue == 有余涅槃
The cause, but not all the effect (Karma) of reincarnation is cut off and removal of the obstacle of affliction, but not that of what is known (Dharma), thus the body which remains is subject to birth and death. Those beings are Arhats.
Nirvana of pure, clear self-nature == 自性涅槃
It is commonly possessed by all individual sentient beings. It is not subject to birth and death, nor increase and decrease.
anupadisesa-nibbana == 無余(依)涅槃
sa-upadisesa-nibbana == 有余(依)涅槃
Three Universal Truths == 叁法印(諸行無常,諸法無我,寂靜涅槃)
Also known as the Three Seals. Three Universal Truths are the basic teaching of Buddha, so that they are commonly used to attest Buddhism.
The Three Universal Truths are:
1.All phenomena are impermanent.
2.All dharmas are non-self.
3.The eternity is Nirvani and stillness.
Three Universal Characteristics == 叁法印(諸行無常,諸法無我,寂靜涅槃)
The Three Universal Characteristics are connected with the existence. They are:
1.All phenomena are impermanent.
2.All Dharma are not-self.
3.All sensations are suffering.
Three Seals == 叁法印(諸行無常,諸法無我,寂靜涅槃)
Also known as Three Universal Truths.
1.All phenomena are impermanent.
2.All Dharma are not-self.
3.The eternity is Nirvana.
It is called the seal because it is to certify whether it is the Buddha”s teaching or not. Also see Four Seals.