ditthi, -sankappa, -vaca, etc: see magga.
(lit.: congregation), is the name for the Community of Buddhist monks. As the third of the Three Gems or Jewels (ti-ratana, q.v.) and the Three Refuges (ti-sarana, q.v.), i.e. Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha, it applies to the ariya-sangha, the community of the saints, i.e. the 4 Noble Ones (ariya-pugga, q.v.), the Stream-winner, etc.
Sanjna == 想
see Recognition or Five Skandhas.
s. ti-sarana.
intercourse, unlawful: s. ka^mesu miccha^ca^ra.
the 3: mala (q.v.).
vipassana^ ya^nika = sukkha-vipassaka (q.v.).
”happy course of existence”; s. gati.
vipassaka = suddha-vipassana^-ya^nika: these terms are used only in the Com., as also their counterpart samathaya^nika.
Sumeru == 須彌山
Sanskrit words. It means wonderful high mountain. It is composed of gold. silver, lapis lazuli and crystal, therefore it is so wonderful. It is eighty four thousand Yugamdhara high and eighty found thousand Yugamdhara wide, which is the greatest mountain amongst all.
a^sava (q.v.).
(lit.”thirst”): ”craving”, is the chief root of suffering, and of the ever-continuing cycle of rebirths."What, o monks, is the origin of suffering? It is that craving which gives rise to ever-fresh rebirth and, bound up with pleasure and lust, now here, now there, finds ever fresh delight. It is the sensual craving (ka^ma-tanha^), the craving for existence (bhava-tanha^), the craving for non-existence (vibhava-tanha^)”” (D. 22). T. is the 8th link in the formula of the dependent origination (paticcasamuppa^da, q.v.). Cf. sacca.
Corresponding to the 6 sense-objects, there are 6 kinds of craving craving for visible objects, for sounds, odours, tastes, bodily impressions, mental impressions (rúpa-, sadda-, gandha-, rasa-, photthabba-, dhamma-tanha^). (M. 9; D. 15)
Corresponding to the 3-fold existence, there are 3 kinds: craving for sensual existence (ka^ma-tanha^), for fine-material existence (rúpa-tanha^), for immaterial existence (arúpa-tanha^). (D. 33)
There are 18 ”thought-channels of craving” (tanha^-vicarita) induced internally, and 18 induced externally; and as occurring in past, present and future, they total 108; see A. IV, 199; Vibh., Ch. 17 (Khuddakavatthu-Vibhanga).
According to the dependent origination, craving is conditioned by feeling; on this see D. 22 (section on the 2nd Truth).
Of craving for existence (bhava-tanha^ ) it is said (A. X, 62): "No first beginning of the craving for existence can be perceived, o monks, before which it was not and after which it came to be. But it can he perceived that craving for existence has its specific condition. I say, o monks, that also craving for existence has its condition that feeds it (sa^haram) and is not without it. And what is it? ”Ignorance”, one has to reply." - Craving for existence and ignorance are called "the outstanding causes that lead to happy and unhappy destinies (courses of existence)" (s. Vis.M. XVII, 36-42).
The most frequent synonyms of tanha^ are ra^ga (q.v.) and lobha (s. múla).
awareness of: one of the insight-knowledges; s. visuddhi VI. 3.
thi^na, s. thi^na-middha (q.v.).
jha^na (q.v.).
the 4 Noble: sacca (q.v.). - 2-fold knowledge of the t.; s. saccan~a^na.
a class of heavenly beings in the sensuous plane; s. deva (1).
lit.”something which one grasps, to which one clings, i.e. the 5 groups of existence (khandha, q.v.). In the suttas, the word is mostly used in such expressions as "One of the 2 fruits may be expected: either perfect wisdom or, if the groups are still remaining (sati upa^di-sese, ”if there is a remainder of groups ), Ana^ga^mi^ship" (D. 22). Further (A. IV. 118): "Here the Perfect One has passed into the Nibba^na-element in which no more groups are remaining (anupa^di-sesa)." Cf. nibba^na. upa^dinna rúpa: ”karmically acquired corporeality”, or ”matter clung-to (by karma)”, is identical with karma-produced corporeality (kammaja-rúpa; s. samuttha^na). In Vis.M. XIV it is said: "That corporcality which, later on, we shall refer to as ”karma-produced” (kammaja), is, for its being dependent on previous (pre-natal) karma, called ”karmically acquired”.”” The term (upa^dinna) occurs so in the suttas, e.g. M. 28 (WHEEL 101), 62, 140. See Dhs. §990; Khandha Vibh.