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utu atta both catu gati hate hetu lust meat path peta sati talk ties tree unit agati amata ARHAT atta^ citta death doubt faith great ja^ti light merit METTA mirth pi^ti right satta sloth STUPA SUTRA vatta water " action ANATTA Arahat atappa beauty carita dha^tu ditthi eating EFFORT effort fixity forest gantha ghosts growth JATAKA khanti MANTRA MATTER matter method metta^ MUDITA object purity stains sugati taints tanha^ terror torpor trance truths tusita vatthu virati virtue agility anatta^ cetana^ CHARITY conceit control counter created destiny devotee duggati emotion factors fetters HUA TOU insight ji^vita lahuta^ mastery matured mudita^ muduta^ neutral nimitta okkanti ottappa patched patigha perfect rapture reality rebirth samatha sammuti sassata sitting thought turning vimutti vipatti vitakka vivatta a^yatana adherent AMITABHA anussati atima^na ca^ritta cemetery cetasika departed DEVOTION dhutanga dogmatic elements eternity exertion extremes fatalism fruition gotrabhú impurity interest kammanta KSATRIYA maintain MAITREYA MORALITY morality nibbatti not self opposite PARAMITA PATIENCE patience postures practice reaction sammatta sankhata santa^na serenity sucarita Table II tathata^ te vijja thinking training ujukata^ uposatha upstream virility vitality VOLITION volition 谛(satya) 慧 (Mati) acinteyya adhicitta akanittha anottappa asankhata attention avya^kata beautiful breathing cetokhila character CONDITION deva dúta deviation dhuta^nga duccarita dukkhata^ EMPTINESS emptiness existence faculties formation immediate intention lightness lokuttara mahaggata micchatta nutriment obstacles pariyatti patipada^ patipatti pativedha proximity ready wit SARIPUTRA SENSATION SIX DUSTS SIX PATHS SIX ROOTS something ti pitaka ti ratana ti sarana TRAILOKYA treasures TRIPITAKA vinipa^ta aberration absorption ADHITTHANA advertence aggregates analytical antinomies appendants awakenment BODHISATTA Bodhisatta conception conditions contiguity continuity cuti citta detachment dibba sota ego entity elasticity enthusiasm equanimity EXTINCTION extinction femininity foundation functional generation impurities inducement intimation liberality liberation MAHASATTVA MEDITATION meditation mutability opapa^tika paramattha patisandhi pattida^na productive puthujjana reflection repetition RIGHT VIEW sama^patti sensuality si^labbata sota^panna sota^patti standstill stinginess ta^vatimsa tatha^gata TEN POWERS tendencies therava^da TWO DEATHS vin~n~atti wrong path 無常(anitya) a^nantariya a^po dha^tu abandonment abstentions adhittha^na ANAPANASATI appicchata^ association attachments attainments BODHISATTVA chaste life contentment corruptions cutúpapa^ta defilements destruction determining development dissolution dosa carita earnestness EIGHT WINDS enlightened foundations immortality indifferent infatuation inoperative intoxicants itthindriya kamma patha kamma vatta LOTUS SUTRA maha^ bhúta mana^yatana mano dha^tu MIDDLE PATH middle path mind object origination pa^timokkha paritta^bha patipannaka patti da^na penetration perfections personality preparatory realization RECOGNITION rúpa^yatana sala^yatana samuttha^na san~cetana^ si^vathika^ tejo dha^tu tejo kasina temperature THREE ROOTS THREE SEALS ti lakkhana unthinkable uprightness vavattha^na 結集(samgiti) 無我(anatman) 真如(tathata) abhinibbatti accumulation adaptability bhava ditthi bhava tanha^ body witness ceto vimutti citta kkhana citta vi^thi conventional corporeality covetousness dispensation dissociation fire element FOUR VIRTUES hate natured heat element hiri ottappa inclinations intoxicating ka^ma tanha^ kammattha^na karma result light kasina lobha carita mental image mind element momentaneity pa^tiha^riya pakati si^la patisandhika petti visaya pi^ta kasina pleasantness proclivities purification ra^ga carita radiant gods recollectons RENUNCIATION restlessness RIGHT ACTION RIGHT EFFORT RIGHT SPEECH santutthita^ SIX PARAMITA SROTA-APANNA stream entry TEN PARAMITA THREE DOGMAS THREE JEWELS THREE REALMS THREE WISDOM tranquillity TWELVE BASES twin miracle va^yo dha^tu vatthu ka^ma wind element 叁界(tridhatu) 鐵薩羅(Tissara) Abbreviations ahetuka citta anatta^ va^da anuloma citta attentiveness atthi paccaya birth process cakkhu dha^tu concentration CONTEMPLATION contemplation contentedness deathlessness determination dhamma dha^tu dhamma^yatana ditthi ppatta earth element ENLIGHTENMENT enlightenment FIVE PRECEPTS fixed destiny FOUR FRUITION hadaya vatthu imperfections investigating investigation ka^ya lahuta^ kamman~n~ata^ kammattha^na^ loathsomeness lohita kasina material food mental action nimma^na rati oda^ta kasina pa^gun~n~ata^ patisambhida^ patisankha^na post nascence RIGHT THOUGHT sammuti sacca satipattha^na silent buddha SIX ENTRANCES stream winner subha nimitta tanha^ kkhaya THREE POISONS THREE SHASTRA THREE STUDIES THREE VIRTUES TIEN TAI SECT tittha^yatana TWELVE PLACES TWO OBSTACLES unconditioned understanding verbal action vipacitan~n~u vivatta kappa water element weighty karma 阿旃陀石窟(Ajanta) 舍衛城(Sravasti) 因明(Hetuvidya) a^ka^sa dha^tu abhibha^yatana ahetuka ditthi akiriya ditthi altruistic joy AMITABHA SUTRA asan~n~a satta atta kilamatha auditory organ AVALOKITESVARA buddha^nussati citt’ekaggata^ citta santa^na citta visuddhi devata^nussati dhamma^nussati EIGHTFOLD PATH eightfold path frivolous talk greedy natured habitual karma kalya^na mitta katatta^ kamma marana^nussati natthi paccaya niyata puggala path condition relative truth sahetuka citta samvatta kappa samvega vatthu sangaha vatthu SIX FULFILMENT stupid natured TEN DIRECTIONS TEN GOOD DEEDS transformation transitoriness TWELVE NIDANAS uccheda ditthi uggaha nimitta ugghatitan~n~u upapatti bhava va^ritta si^la vibhava tanha^ vigata paccaya visible object 大圓滿(mahasanti) 二谛(twi-satyas) 叁谛(tri-satyas) a^na^pa^na sati akusala vitakka avigata paccaya cakkh’ a^yatana characteristics citta sankha^ra deluded natured ditth’upa^da^na ditthi visuddhi EIGHT NEGATIONS EIGHTEEN FIELDS eternity belief FOUR GREAT VOWS gotrabhú n~a^na gustatory organ indriya samatta mental function mental obduracy natthika ditthi nihilistic view olfactory organ pathavi^ dha^tu pathavi^ kasina PRATYEKA-BUDDHA sakka^ya ditthi samatha ya^nika sankhitta citta sappatigha rúpa sceptical doubt SHATIKA SHASTRA sota^pattiyanga SPIRITUAL GHOST stored up karma tadanga paha^na TAKING PRECEPTS tatha^gata bala THREE DELUSIONS THREE OBSTACLES tranquilisation upasama^nussati vitakka vica^ra 百論(Sata-sastra) 大藏經（tri-pitaka）法界(dharmadhatu) 極樂世界(sukhavati) adhipati paccaya anantara paccaya anatta^ san~n~a^ atthangika magga AVATAMSAKA SUTRA citta vipalla^sa citta^nupassana^ cognitive series dukkha patipada^ EIGHT SUFFERINGS equality conceit faithful natured immaterial world ka^ya gata^ sati ka^ya vin~n~atti karma formations khandha santa^na life infatuation mano san~cetana^ mental formation monks’ community natural morality nava satta^va^sa neyyattha dhamma ni^tattha dhamma nissaya nissita pan~n~a^ vimutti pindapa^tik’anga reversible merit RIGHT LIVELIHOOD round of rebirth santi^rana citta streams of merit supportive karma te ci^varik’anga THIRTY-TWO FORMS THREE EVIL PATHS THREE GOOD PATHS THREE SUFFERINGS tiraccha^na yoni vaci^ vin~n~atti votthapana citta wheel of the law 經量部(Sautrantike) 六度(sad-paramita) 律經(Vinaya-sutra) 叁性(tri-svabhava) 四谛(catur-satyas) 吳哥古迹(Angkor Vat) a^nantarika kamma a^nupubbi^ katha^ ahirika anottappa anatta^nupassana^ animitta vimokkha ascending insight bhavanga santa^na cetaso vinibandha cittass’ekaggata^ destructive karma disinterestedness ditthi vipalla^sa FIVE COMMANDMENTS FOREMOST PARAMITA FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS highest knowledge immaterial sphere ineffective karma kusala kammapatha mental advertence n~a^ta parin~n~a^ na^natta san~n~a^ NO STRIFE SAMADHI pakati upanissaya pan~n~atti si^la parikamma nimitta paticcasamuppa^da patta pindik’anga pureja^ta paccaya RIGHT REMEMBRANCE sahaja^ta paccaya santa^na santati sati sambojjhanga sati sampajan~n~a satta^va^sa nava SINGALOVADA SUTRA tatramajjhattata^ TEN DHARMA REALMS TEN WHOLESOMENESS upagha^taka kamma vin~n~a^na tthiti youth infatuation 迦毗羅衛(Kapilavastu) 叁學(tisrah siksah) 桑奇大塔(Sanch Stupa) ahetu patisandhika an~n~a^ta^vindriya asankha^rika citta atta va^dupa^da^na catu voka^ra bhava ceto pariya n~a^na corporeality group cycle of existence dha^tu vavattha^na hasituppa^da citta health infatuation karma accumulation maturity knowledge meritorious action nirodha sama^patti patibha^ga nimitta patikkúla san~n~a^ reflex perceptions regenerative karma ruminating natured samatha vipassana^ sampayutta paccaya self mortification SIDDHARTHA GOUTAMA SIX EXTERNAL BASES SIX INTERNAL BASES SPHERE OF NO-THING tada^rammana citta tatra majjhattata^ ti^rana parin~n~a^ tiraccha^na katha^ TWO FORMS OF DEATH vippayutta paccaya wheel of existence 佛所行贊(Buddhacarita) 解脫道論(Vimuttimagga) 四大(caturmahabhuta) 五種姓(panca-gotrani) alcohol prohibition anabhirati san~n~a^ analytical doctrine animitta^nupassana^ answering questions appanihita vimokkha attha patisambhida^ counteractive karma death consciousness discursive thinking FOUR GREAT ELEMENTS FOUR UNLIMITED MIND fruits of monk life gradual instruction inferiority conceit intelligent natured lofty consciousness maha^purisa vitakka majjhima^ patipada^ one group existence RIGHT CONCENTRATION RIGHT UNDERSTANDING samanantara paccaya sampaticchana citta sattakkhattu parama SATYASIDDHI SHASTRA spiritual faculties sun~n~ata^ vimokkha superiority conceit suta maya^ pan~n~a^ TEN GREAT KING VOWS upatthambhaka kamma yamaka pa^tiha^riya 阿底峽(Atisa 982~1054) 大乘經(Mahayana sutra) 寂天(Santideva 約7世紀) 六足論(Satpada sastra) 說一切有部(Sarvastivada) a^kin~can~n~a^yatana access concentration adaptation knowledge akuppa^ ceto vimutti cemetery meditations cinta^ maya pan~n~a^ derived corporeality dhamma patisambhida^ dhamma tthiti n~a^na ditthi nissita si^la five group existence four group existence MANJUSRI BODHISATTVA manovinn~a^na dha^tu NIRVANA WITH RESIDUE niyata miccha^ditthi pa^rami^ pa^ramita^ paccha^ja^ta paccaya parami^ = pa^ramita^ pubbeniva^sa^nussati regenerating process samvejani^ya ttha^na SUDDEN ENLIGHTENMENT SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA sun~n~ata^nupassana^ tanha^ nissita si^la TEN TITLES OF BUDDHA THREE ENLIGHTENMENTS ti hetu patisandhika UNCONDITIONED DHARMA VAST AND LONG TONGUE vivattana^nupassana^ yatha^santhatik’anga 大乘論(Mahayana sastra) 小乘論(Hinayana sastra) 中道(madhyamapratipad) a^ka^sa^nan~ca^yatana animitta ceto vimutti antara^ parinibba^yi^ bhojane mattan~n~uta^ corporeality and mind death proximate karma dependent origination DVADASHAMUKHA SHASTRA dvi hetuka patisandhi germinating once more mind and corporeality ninefold dispensation nirutti patisambhida^ patipassaddhi paha^na produced corporeality pun~n~a kiriya vatthu questions and answers sota^pannassa anga^ni TEN MERITORIOUS DEEDS THREE CLASSIFICATIONS THREE PERIODS OF TIME transference of merit ubhato bha^ga vimutta vi^thi = citta vi^thi vin~n~a^nan~ca^yatana 梵網經(Brahmajala-sutra) 中論(Madhyamika-sastra) appama^na ceto vimutti bhavanga sota^, citta catu pa^risuddhi si^la citta samuttha^na rúpa doctrine of the Buddha FLOWER ADORNMENT SUTRA FOUR GREAT BODHISATTVA ji^vita navaka kala^pa kamma samuttha^na rúpa resistance perceptions sensitive corporeality SIXTEEN CONTEMPLATIONS substrata of existence THREE UNIVERSAL TRUTHS yatha^kammúpaga n~a^na 長阿含經(Dirghagama-sutra) 楞伽經(Lankavatara-sutra) 緣起(pratitya-samutpada) bhayatupattha^na n~a^na catu dha^tu vavattha^na dasa (tatha^gata ) bala determining the reality FIVE BASIC AFFLICATIONS muccitu kamyata^ n~a^na NIRVANA WITHOUT RESIDUE patinissagga^nupassana^ receptive consciousness retrospective knowledge sabbúpadhi patinissagga SIX STATES OF EXISTENCE VISVABHADRA BODHISATTVA 八正道(aryastangika-marga) 成實論(Satyasiddhi-sastra) 法稱(Dharmakirti 約6~7世紀) 佛性(buddhata, buddhatva) 境行果(sthana-carya-phala) 毗尼多流支(Vinitaruci ?~594) 四分律(Dharmagupta-vinaya) 月稱(Candrakirti 約7世紀中葉) ANNUTARA-SAMYAK-SAMBODHI attainment concentration clarity of consciousness corporeality perceptions ego idea, ego perception multiformity perceptions pa^na^tipa^ta^ veramani^ paccaya sannissita si^la patibha^na patisambhida^ reflecting contemplation verbal functions of mind 部派佛部(Sectarian Buddhism) 大日經(Mahavairocana-sutra) 寂護(Santiraksita 705~762) 戒日王(Siladitya 約590~647) 十誦律(Sarvastivada-vinaya) 無量壽經(Aparimitayur-sutra) 原始佛教(primitive Buddhism) 雜阿含經(Samyuktagama-sutra) hate rooted consciousness independently enlightened indriyesu gutta dva^rata^ kankha^ vitarana visuddhi pa^timokkha samvara si^la registering consciousness SAMANTABHADRA BODHISATTVA spontaneously born beings support decisive support TEN STAGES OF BODHISATTVA VIMALAKIRTI-NIVDESA SUTRA 佛教文學(Buddhist literature) 摩诃菩提會(Maha Bodhi Society) 增一阿含經(Ekottaragama-sutra) 中阿含經（Madh yamagama-sutra） a^ha^re patikkúla san~n~a^ a^kin~can~n~a ceto vimutti ability to acquire insight analysis of the 4 elements dasa pun~n~a kiriya vatthu functions of consciousness happy courses of existence impersonality of existence khalu paccha^ bhattik’anga MAHA-PRAJNA-PARAMITA-SUTRA mind consciousness element paranimmita vasavatti deva parassa ceto pariya n~a^na TEN VEHICLES OF MEDITATION THREEFOLD BODY OF A BUDDHA uddhamsota akanitthaga^mi^ 發智論(Jnanaprasthana-sastra) 俱舍論(Abhidharmakosa-sastra) 越南佛教（Vietnamese Buddhism） balance of mental faculties karma produced corporeality neighbourhood concentration origination of corporeality PURE LAND OF ULTIMATE BLISS thought thought conception yatha^ bhúta n~a^na dassana 佛教建築(Buddhist architecture) akusala sa^dha^rana cetasika LAW OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION NINE STAGES OF LOTUS FLOWERS patisankha^nupassana^ n~a^na seven rebirths at the utmost SIX PERIODS OF DAY AND NIGHT 常樂我淨(nitya-sukha-atma-subha) 大般涅槃經(Mahaparinirvana-sutra) 觀無量壽經(Amitayurbhavana-sutra) 楞嚴經(surangama-samadhi-sutra) 菩薩戒本(Bodhisattva-pratimoksa) 乞[口*栗]雙提贊Khri－Sron－Lde－bTsan 瑜伽師地論(Yogacara-bhumi-sastra) dittha dhamma vedani^ya kamma EIGHTEEN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS EVIL TIME OF FIVE TURBIDITIES THREE MEDITATIONS OF ONE MIND vuttha^na ga^mini^ vipassana^ 中國佛教美術（Buddhist　art　in　China） ascetic purification practices imperturbable karma formations sabba loke anabhirati san~n~a^ VIPASYANA SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA 維摩經(Vimalakirti-nirdesa-sutra) equilibrium of mental faculties lahuta^ muduta^, kamman~n~ata^ pariyatti patipatti, pativedha SIX DIRECTIONS OF REINCARNATION subha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi sukha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi THREE UNIVERSAL CHARACTERISTICS 大般若經(Mahaprajna-paramita-sutra) 鈴木大拙(Suzuki Daisetsu 1870~1966) 妙法蓮華經(Saddharmapundarika-sutra) 中國佛教音樂(Buddhist music in China) karmically acquired corporeality patipada^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi 大智度論(Mahaprajna-paramita-sastra) 冢本善隆(Tsukamoto Zenryu 1898~1980) anan~n~a^tan~ n~assa^mi^t’indriya citta ja (citta samuttha^na) rúpa ▲ 收起

南傳佛教英文辭典【307】therava^da

　　”Doctrine　　of　　the　　Elders”,　　is　　a　　name　　of　　the　　oldest　　form　　of　　the　　Buddha”s　　teachings,　　handed　　down　　to　　us　　in　　the　　Pa^li　　language.　　According　　to　　tradition,　　its　　name　　is　　derived　　from　　the　　fact　　of　　having　　been　　fixed　　by　　500　　holy　　Elders　　of　　the　　Order,　　soon　　after　　the　　death　　of　　the　　Master.
Therava^da　　is　　the　　only　　one　　of　　the　　old　　schools　　of　　Buddhism　　that　　has　　survived　　among　　those　　which　　Maha^ya^nists　　have　　called　　”Hinaya^na”.　　It　　is　　sometimes　　called　　Southern　　Buddhism　　or　　Pa^li　　Buddhism.　　It　　is　　found　　today　　in　　Sri　　Lanka,　　Burma,　　Thailand,　　Cambodia,　　Laos　　and　　Chittagong　　(East　　Bengal.　　)　　-　　Cf.　　Guide,　　p.　　60.　　-　　(App.).　　thi^na　　middha:　　”sloth　　and　　torpor”,　　constitute　　the　　3rd　　of　　the　　5　　hindrances　　(ni^varana,　　q.v.).　　They　　may　　or　　may　　not,　　be　　associated　　with　　greedy　　consciousness　　(s.　　Tab.　　23.　　25,　　27,　　29　　and　　II).

南傳佛教英文辭典【308】therava^da

　　This　　term　　was　　already　　used　　by　　the　　Buddha　　himself　　in　　speaking　　of　　the　　doctrine　　of　　a^la^ra-Ka^la^ma　　(s.　　M.　　26).　　As　　a　　name　　for　　the　　Buddha”s　　doctrine　　it　　belongs　　to　　the　　commentarial　　literature.

英漢對照詞典【309】TWO DEATHS

Two　　Deaths　　==　　二死

Two　　Deaths　　refer　　to　　
1.share-sectioned　　birth　　and　　death　　
2.changed　　birth　　and　　death

南傳佛教英文辭典【310】vin~n~atti

　　ka^ya-　　and　　vaci^-v.,　　seem　　to　　occur　　for　　the　　first　　time　　in　　Dhs.　　(§§　　665,718)　　of　　the　　Abh.　　Canon.

南傳佛教英文辭典【311】vin~n~atti

　　(lit.”making　　known”)　　”intimation”,　　is　　an　　Abhidhamma　　term　　for　　bodily　　expression　　(ka^ya-vin~n~atti)　　and　　verbal　　expression　　(vaci^-vin~n~atti),　　both　　belonging　　to　　the　　corporeality-group.　　They　　are　　produced　　by　　the　　co-nascent　　volition,　　and　　are　　therefore,　　as　　such,　　purely　　physical　　and　　not　　to　　be　　confounded　　with　　karma　　(q.v.),　　which　　as　　such　　is　　something　　mental.　　Cf.　　Kath.　　80,　　100,　　101,　　103,　　194　　(s.　　Guide　　V).　　-　　(App.).
"One　　speaks　　of　　”bodily　　expression”,　　because　　it　　makes　　known　　an　　intention　　by　　means　　of　　bodily　　movement,　　and　　can　　itself　　be　　understood　　by　　the　　bodily　　movement　　which　　is　　said　　to　　be　　corporeal.
"”Verbal　　expression”　　is　　so　　called　　because　　it　　makes　　known　　an　　intention　　by　　means　　of　　a　　speech-produced　　noise"　　(Vis.M.　　XIV).

南傳佛教英文辭典【312】wrong path

　　miccha^-magga　　(q.v.).

中國百科全書【313】無常(anitya)

　　wuchang
　　佛教教義。叁法印之一。指世界萬有（一切事物和思維概念）都是生滅變化無常的。佛教認爲，宇宙間一切現象，都是此生彼生、此滅彼滅的相互依存關系，沒有永恒的實體的存在。所以任何現象都是無常的，表現爲刹那刹那生滅的。佛典中常提到的有：1、刹那無常。謂一切有爲法，刹那之間，有生、住、異、滅的變化；2、相續無常。謂一切有爲法在一期相續之上有生、住、異、滅之四相。佛教不僅認爲一切事物和現象的變化是普遍存在的，而且還認爲有其發展的過程，可分爲四個連續相承的階段或呈現爲四種相狀，所謂“四相遷流”，即生、住、異、滅，一種現象的生起稱生，事物或現象形成後有其相對的穩定性稱住，在相對穩定中又無時不在變異稱異，現象的消滅稱滅。任何事物和現象在一刹那中都具有生、住、異、滅四相。但有時又將無常分爲：1、衆生無常。謂人生都是無常的，終歸要變化以至于消滅的；2、世界無常。謂世界上一切現象都是無常的，無時無刻不在流動變遷中，最後歸于消滅；3、諸念無常。謂人們的思維概念都是瞬息萬變的，所謂“念念生滅”。佛教這種無常學說，主要是爲反對當時婆羅門教主張宇宙的最高主宰---梵是永恒常住的理論而提出的。

南傳佛教英文辭典【314】a^nantariya

　　the　　”Immediacy”,　　...
the　　”Immediacy”,　　is　　a　　name　　for　　that　　concentration　　of　　mind　　which　　is　　associated　　with　　such　　insight　　(vipassana^,　　q.v.)　　as　　is　　present　　in　　any　　one　　of　　the　　4　　kinds　　of　　supermundane　　path　　consciousness　　(s.　　ariya-puggala),　　and　　which　　therefore　　is　　the　　cause　　of　　the　　immediately　　following　　consciousness　　as　　its　　result　　or　　”fruition”　　(phala,　　q.v.).
According　　to　　the　　Abhidhamma,　　the　　path　　(of　　the　　Sota^panna,　　etc.)　　is　　generated　　by　　the　　insight　　into　　the　　impermanence,　　misery　　and　　impersonality　　of　　existence,　　flashing　　up　　at　　that　　very　　moment　　and　　transforming　　and　　ennobling　　one”s　　nature　　forever.
It　　is　　mentioned　　under　　the　　name　　of　　a^nantarika-sama^dhi　　in　　the　　Ratana　　Sutta　　(Sn.v.22)　　and　　in　　Pts.M.1,　　n~a^nakatha^.

南傳佛教英文辭典【315】a^po dha^tu

”water-element”;　　s.　　dha^tu.

南傳佛教英文辭典【316】abandonment

　　contemplation　　of:　　patinissagga^nupassana^,　　is　　one　　of　　the　　18　　chief　　kinds　　of　　insight;　　s.　　vipassana^,　　further　　a^na^pa^nasati　　(16).

南傳佛教英文辭典【317】abstentions

　　the　　3:　　virati　　(q.v.).

南傳佛教英文辭典【318】adhittha^na

　　Determination　　...
as　　a　　doctrinal　　term,　　occurs　　chiefly　　in　　two　　meanings:
1.”Foundation”:　　four　　”foundations”　　of　　an　　Arahat”s　　mentality,　　mentioned　　and　　explained　　in　　M.　　140:　　the　　foundation　　of　　wisdom　　(pan~n~a^),　　of　　truthfulness　　(sacca)　　of　　liberality　　(ca^ga)　　and　　of　　peace　　(upasama).　　See　　also　　D.　　33　　and　　Com.
2.”Determination”,　　resolution,　　in:　　adhittha^na-iddhi,　　”magical　　power　　of　　determination”　　(s.　　iddhi);　　adhittha^na-pa^rami^,　　”perfection　　of　　resolution”　　(s.　　pa^rami^).

英漢對照詞典【319】ANAPANASATI

anapanasati　　==　　安那般那念,　　安般念,　　入出息念

南傳佛教英文辭典【320】appicchata^

　　”having　　only　　few　　wishes”,　　contentedness,　　is　　one　　of　　the　　indispensable　　virtues　　of　　the　　monk;　　cf.　　A.　　X.　　181-190,　　and　　ariyavamsa　　(q.v.).

南傳佛教英文辭典【321】association

　　sampayutta-paccaya,　　is　　one　　of　　the　　24　　conditions　　(paccaya,　　q.v.).　　asubha:　　”impurity”,　　loathsomeness,　　foulness.　　-　　In　　Vis.M.　　VI,　　it　　is　　the　　cemetery　　contemplations　　(si^vathika,　　q.v.)　　that　　are　　called　　”meditation-subjects　　of　　impurity”　　(asubha-kammattha^na;　　s.　　bha^vana^).　　In　　the　　Girimananda　　Sutta　　(A.　　X.,　　50),　　however,　　the　　perception　　of　　impurity　　(asubha-san~n~a^)　　refers　　to　　the　　contemplation　　of　　the　　32　　parts　　of　　the　　body　　(s.　　ka^ya-gata^-sati).　　The　　contemplation　　of　　the　　body”s　　impurity　　is　　an　　antidote　　against　　the　　hindrance　　of　　sense-desire　　(s.　　ni^varana)　　and　　the　　mental　　perversion　　(vipalla^sa,　　q.v.)　　which　　sees　　what　　is　　truly　　impure　　as　　pure　　and　　beautiful.　　See　　S.　　XLVI,　　51;　　A.　　V.　　36,　　Dhp.　　7,　　8;　　Sn.　　193ff.　　-　　The　　Five　　Mental　　Hindrances　　(WHEEL　　26),　　pp.　　5ff.

南傳佛教英文辭典【322】attachments

　　s.　　para^ma^sa.

南傳佛教英文辭典【323】attainments

　　”The　　8　　a.”;　　s.　　sama^patti.

英漢對照詞典【324】BODHISATTVA

Bodhisattva　　==　　菩薩

A　　Future　　Buddha　　who　　is　　a　　being　　destined　　to　　Buddhahood.　　Bodhi　　means　　Enlightenment　　and　　Sattva　　means　　Sentient　　and　　Conscious.　　Therefore　　Bodhisattva　　refers　　to　　the　　sentient　　being　　of　　or　　for　　the　　great　　wisdom　　and　　enlightenment.　　Bodhisattva”s　　vow/aim　　is　　the　　pursuit　　of　　Buddhahood　　and　　the　　salvation　　of　　others　　and　　of　　all.　　He　　seeks　　enlightenment　　to　　enlighten　　others.　　He　　will　　sacrifice　　himself　　to　　save　　the　　others.　　He　　is　　devoid　　of　　egoism　　and　　devoted　　to　　help　　the　　others.　　The　　way　　and　　discipline　　of　　Bodhisattva　　is　　to　　benefit　　the　　self　　and　　the　　others,　　leading　　to　　Buddhahood.

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