s. a^sava.
”volition”, will, is one of the seven mental factors (cetasika, q.v.) inseparably bound up with all consciousness, namely sensorial or mental impression (phassa), feeling (vedana^), perception (san~n~a^), volition (cetana^), concentration (sama^dhi), vitality (ji^vita), advertence (manasika^ra). Cf. Tab. II, III.
With regard to karmical volition (i.e. wholesome or unwholesome karma) it is said in A. VI, 13: "Volition is action (karma), thus I say, o monks; for as soon as volition arises, one does the action, be it by body, speech or mind." For details, s. paticca-samuppa^da (10), karma.
Charity == 布施
Or almsgiving, the first Paramita. There are three kinds of charity in terms of goods, doctrines (Dharma) and courage (fearlessness). Out of the three, the merits and virtues of doctrines charity is the most surpassing. Charity done for no reward here and hereafter is called pure or unsullied, while the sullied charity is done for the purpose of personal benefits. In Buddhism, the merits and virtues of pure charity is the best.
ma^na (q.v.); further s. samyojana.
effort of: s. padha^na.
image (during concentration): s. nimitta, kasina, sama^dhi.
tanha^ (q.v.), ra^ga (q.v.); further s. múla.
the: sankhata (q.v.).
(in morality, wisdom, etc.): s. ha^na-bha^giya-si^la. - Liable to °, pariha^na-dhamma (q.v.).
”exposition” of the doctrine, may be either an exposition true in the highest sense (paramattha-desana^); or it may not be true in the highest, but only in the conventional sense (voha^ra-desana^). See paramattha.
evil views with fixed d.: niyata-miccha^-ditthi (q.v.). Men with fixed d.: niyata-puggala (q.v.). See gati.
upa^saka (q.v.) .
one of the ”divine messengers” (deva-dúta, q.v.).
”woeful course” (of existence); s. gati.
8 sources of e.: samvega-vatthu (q.v.). The 4 places rousing emotion; samvejani^ya-ttha^na (q.v.).
mental: s. cetasika. - F. of absorption, s. jha^na - F. of enlightenment, s. bojjhanga.
vedana^ (q.v.); further s. khandha. - Contemplation of f.: vedana^nupassana^; s. satipattha^na.
The 10 f. binding to existence; s. samyojana.