san~n~a^ (°citta, °ditthi): ”perception (consciousness, view) of an ego”, is one of the 4 perversions (vipalla^sa, q.v.).
ditthi (-va^da): ”ego-belief”, ”personality-belief”, s. ditthi.
bala == 五力
”powers”. Among various groups of powers the following five are most frequently met with in the texts: (1) faith (saddha^, q.v.), (2) energy (viriya, q.v.), (3) mindfulness (sati, q.v.), (4) concentration (sama^dhi, q.v.), (5) wisdom (pan~n~a^, q.v.).
Their particular aspect, distinguishing them from the corresponding 5 spiritual faculties (indriya, q.v.), is that they are unshakable by their opposites: (1) the power of faith is unshakable by faithlessness (unbelief); (2) energy, by laziness; (3) mindfulness, by forgetfulness; (4) concentration, by distractedness; (5) wisdom, by ignorance (see Pts.M., n~a^na Katha^). They represent, therefore, the aspect of firmness in the spiritual faculties.
According to A.V. 15, the power (1) becomes manifest in the 4 qualities of the Stream-winner (sota^pannassa anga^ni, q.v.), (2) in the 4 right efforts (s. padha^na), (3) in the 4 foundations of mindfulness (satipattha^na, q.v.), (4) in the 4 absorptions (jha^na, q.v.), (5) in the (full comprehension of the) 4 Noble Truths (sacca, q.v.) .
Cf. S. XLVIII, 43; S. L. (Bala Samyutta).
In A. VII, 3, the powers of moral shame (hiri, q.v.) and moral dread (ottappa) are added to the aforementioned five Several other groups of 2 (s. patisankha^na-bala), 4, 5 and more powers are mentioned in the texts. - About the 10 powers of a Buddha, s. dasa-bala.
ka^ya (q.v.) Contemplation on the b. is one of the 4 satipattha^na (q.v.).
ways liberated, s. ubhato-bha^ga-vimutta, ariyapuggala B. 4.
maha^ra^jika deva a class of heavenly beings of the sensuous sphere; s. deva.
F elements, the 4: maha^-bhúta (q.v.) - dha^tu (q.v.).
(lit: the Radiant Ones; related to Lat. deus): heavenly beings, deities, celestials, are beings who live in happy worlds, and who, as a rule, are invisible to the human eye. They are subject, however, just like all human and other beings, to ever-repeated rebirth, old age and death, and thus are not freed from the cycle of existence and from misery. There are many classes of heavenly beings.
I. The 6 classes of heavenly beings of the sensuous sphere (ka^ma^vacara or ka^ma-loka; s. avacara loka), are Ca^tumaha^ra^jika-deva, Ta^vatimsa, Ya^ma, Tusita (s. Bodhisatta), Nimma^na-rati, Paranimmita-vasavatti. Cf. anussati. (6).
II. The heavenly beings of the fine-material sphere (rúpa^vacara or rúpaloka) are:
1. Brahma-pa^risajja, Brahma-purohita, Maha^-brahma^no (s. brahma-ka^yika-deva). Amongst these 3 classes will be reborn those with a weak, medium or full experience of the 1st absorption (jha^na, q.v.).
2. Paritta^bha, Appama^na^bha, a^bhassara. Here will be reborn those with experience of the 2nd absorption.
3. Paritta-subha, Appama^na-subha, Subha-kinna (or kinha). Here will be reborn those with experience of the 3rd absorption.
4. Vehapphala, Asan~n~a-satta (q.v.), Suddha^va^sa (q.v.; further s. Ana^ga^mi). Amongst the first 2 classes will be reborn those with experience of the 4th absorption, but amongst the 3rd class only Ana^ga^mis (q.v.).
III. The 4 grades of heavenly beings of the immaterial sphere (arúpa^vacara or arúpa-loka) are: the heavenly beings of the sphere of unbounded space (a^ka^sa^nan~ca^yatanúpaga-deva^), of unbounded consciousness (vin~n~a^nan~ca^yatanúpaga-deva), of nothingness (a^kin~can~n~a^yatanúpaga deva^), of neither-perception-nor- non-perception (nevasan~n~a^-na^san~n~a^yatanúpaga-deva^). Here will be reborn those with experience of the 4 immaterial spheres (arúpa^yatana; s. jha^na 5-8).
See Gods and the Universe by Francis Story (WHEEL 180/181).
”hatred”, anger, is one of the 3 unwholesome, roots (múla, q.v.). - d. citta: hate consciousness; s. Tab. I (30, 31).
”attaining two ends simultaneously”; sama-si^si^ (q.v.).
issa^ (q.v.).
material sphere or world: s. avacara, loka. Absorptions of the: rúpa-jjha^na; s. jha^na.
material: is one of the 4 nutriments (a^ha^ra, q.v.). Foodproduced corporeality, s. samuttha^na. - Refusing all further f., s. dhutanga. - Loathsomeness of f. s. a^ha^re patikkúla-san~n~a^.
(lit.”going”): ”course of existence”, destiny, destination."There are 5 courses of existence: hell, animal kingdom, ghost realm, human world, heavenly world" (D. 33; A. XI, 68). Of these, the first 3 count as woeful courses (duggati, s. apa^ya), the latter 2 as happy courses (sugati).
the 3: ti-ratana (q.v.).
F domanassa (q.v.) - Indulging in g. s. manopavica^ra.
and hatelessness: (dosa, adosa) are two of the 6 karmical roots (múla, q.v.) or root-conditions (hetu; paccaya 1).