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utu atta both catu gati hate hetu lust meat path peta sati talk ties tree unit agati amata ARHAT atta^ citta death doubt faith great ja^ti light merit METTA mirth pi^ti right satta sloth STUPA SUTRA vatta water " action ANATTA Arahat atappa beauty carita dha^tu ditthi eating EFFORT effort fixity forest gantha ghosts growth JATAKA khanti MANTRA MATTER matter method metta^ MUDITA object purity stains sugati taints tanha^ terror torpor trance truths tusita vatthu virati virtue agility anatta^ cetana^ CHARITY conceit control counter created destiny devotee duggati emotion factors fetters HUA TOU insight ji^vita lahuta^ mastery matured mudita^ muduta^ neutral nimitta okkanti ottappa patched patigha perfect rapture reality rebirth samatha sammuti sassata sitting thought turning vimutti vipatti vitakka vivatta a^yatana adherent AMITABHA anussati atima^na ca^ritta cemetery cetasika departed DEVOTION dhutanga dogmatic elements eternity exertion extremes fatalism fruition gotrabhú impurity interest kammanta KSATRIYA maintain MAITREYA MORALITY morality nibbatti not self opposite PARAMITA PATIENCE patience postures practice reaction sammatta sankhata santa^na serenity sucarita Table II tathata^ te vijja thinking training ujukata^ uposatha upstream virility vitality VOLITION volition 谛(satya) 慧 (Mati) acinteyya adhicitta akanittha anottappa asankhata attention avya^kata beautiful breathing cetokhila character CONDITION deva dúta deviation dhuta^nga duccarita dukkhata^ EMPTINESS emptiness existence faculties formation immediate intention lightness lokuttara mahaggata micchatta nutriment obstacles pariyatti patipada^ patipatti pativedha proximity ready wit SARIPUTRA SENSATION SIX DUSTS SIX PATHS SIX ROOTS something ti pitaka ti ratana ti sarana TRAILOKYA treasures TRIPITAKA vinipa^ta aberration absorption ADHITTHANA advertence aggregates analytical antinomies appendants awakenment BODHISATTA Bodhisatta conception conditions contiguity continuity cuti citta detachment dibba sota ego entity elasticity enthusiasm equanimity EXTINCTION extinction femininity foundation functional generation impurities inducement intimation liberality liberation MAHASATTVA MEDITATION meditation mutability opapa^tika paramattha patisandhi pattida^na productive puthujjana reflection repetition RIGHT VIEW sama^patti sensuality si^labbata sota^panna sota^patti standstill stinginess ta^vatimsa tatha^gata TEN POWERS tendencies therava^da TWO DEATHS vin~n~atti wrong path 无常(anitya) a^nantariya a^po dha^tu abandonment abstentions adhittha^na ANAPANASATI appicchata^ association attachments attainments BODHISATTVA chaste life contentment corruptions cutúpapa^ta defilements destruction determining development dissolution dosa carita earnestness EIGHT WINDS enlightened foundations immortality indifferent infatuation inoperative intoxicants itthindriya kamma patha kamma vatta LOTUS SUTRA maha^ bhúta mana^yatana mano dha^tu MIDDLE PATH middle path mind object origination pa^timokkha paritta^bha patipannaka patti da^na penetration perfections personality preparatory realization RECOGNITION rúpa^yatana sala^yatana samuttha^na san~cetana^ si^vathika^ tejo dha^tu tejo kasina temperature THREE ROOTS THREE SEALS ti lakkhana unthinkable uprightness vavattha^na 结集(samgiti) 无我(anatman) 真如(tathata) abhinibbatti accumulation adaptability bhava ditthi bhava tanha^ body witness ceto vimutti citta kkhana citta vi^thi conventional corporeality covetousness dispensation dissociation fire element FOUR VIRTUES hate natured heat element hiri ottappa inclinations intoxicating ka^ma tanha^ kammattha^na karma result light kasina lobha carita mental image mind element momentaneity pa^tiha^riya pakati si^la patisandhika petti visaya pi^ta kasina pleasantness proclivities purification ra^ga carita radiant gods recollectons RENUNCIATION restlessness RIGHT ACTION RIGHT EFFORT RIGHT SPEECH santutthita^ SIX PARAMITA SROTA-APANNA stream entry TEN PARAMITA THREE DOGMAS THREE JEWELS THREE REALMS THREE WISDOM tranquillity TWELVE BASES twin miracle va^yo dha^tu vatthu ka^ma wind element 三界(tridhatu) 铁萨罗(Tissara) Abbreviations ahetuka citta anatta^ va^da anuloma citta attentiveness atthi paccaya birth process cakkhu dha^tu concentration CONTEMPLATION contemplation contentedness deathlessness determination dhamma dha^tu dhamma^yatana ditthi ppatta earth element ENLIGHTENMENT enlightenment FIVE PRECEPTS fixed destiny FOUR FRUITION hadaya vatthu imperfections investigating investigation ka^ya lahuta^ kamman~n~ata^ kammattha^na^ loathsomeness lohita kasina material food mental action nimma^na rati oda^ta kasina pa^gun~n~ata^ patisambhida^ patisankha^na post nascence RIGHT THOUGHT sammuti sacca satipattha^na silent buddha SIX ENTRANCES stream winner subha nimitta tanha^ kkhaya THREE POISONS THREE SHASTRA THREE STUDIES THREE VIRTUES TIEN TAI SECT tittha^yatana TWELVE PLACES TWO OBSTACLES unconditioned understanding verbal action vipacitan~n~u vivatta kappa water element weighty karma 阿旃陀石窟(Ajanta) 舍卫城(Sravasti) 因明(Hetuvidya) a^ka^sa dha^tu abhibha^yatana ahetuka ditthi akiriya ditthi altruistic joy AMITABHA SUTRA asan~n~a satta atta kilamatha auditory organ AVALOKITESVARA buddha^nussati citt’ekaggata^ citta santa^na citta visuddhi devata^nussati dhamma^nussati EIGHTFOLD PATH eightfold path frivolous talk greedy natured habitual karma kalya^na mitta katatta^ kamma marana^nussati natthi paccaya niyata puggala path condition relative truth sahetuka citta samvatta kappa samvega vatthu sangaha vatthu SIX FULFILMENT stupid natured TEN DIRECTIONS TEN GOOD DEEDS transformation transitoriness TWELVE NIDANAS uccheda ditthi uggaha nimitta ugghatitan~n~u upapatti bhava va^ritta si^la vibhava tanha^ vigata paccaya visible object 大圆满(mahasanti) 二谛(twi-satyas) 三谛(tri-satyas) a^na^pa^na sati akusala vitakka avigata paccaya cakkh’ a^yatana characteristics citta sankha^ra deluded natured ditth’upa^da^na ditthi visuddhi EIGHT NEGATIONS EIGHTEEN FIELDS eternity belief FOUR GREAT VOWS gotrabhú n~a^na gustatory organ indriya samatta mental function mental obduracy natthika ditthi nihilistic view olfactory organ pathavi^ dha^tu pathavi^ kasina PRATYEKA-BUDDHA sakka^ya ditthi samatha ya^nika sankhitta citta sappatigha rúpa sceptical doubt SHATIKA SHASTRA sota^pattiyanga SPIRITUAL GHOST stored up karma tadanga paha^na TAKING PRECEPTS tatha^gata bala THREE DELUSIONS THREE OBSTACLES tranquilisation upasama^nussati vitakka vica^ra 百论(Sata-sastra) 大藏经（tri-pitaka）法界(dharmadhatu) 极乐世界(sukhavati) adhipati paccaya anantara paccaya anatta^ san~n~a^ atthangika magga AVATAMSAKA SUTRA citta vipalla^sa citta^nupassana^ cognitive series dukkha patipada^ EIGHT SUFFERINGS equality conceit faithful natured immaterial world ka^ya gata^ sati ka^ya vin~n~atti karma formations khandha santa^na life infatuation mano san~cetana^ mental formation monks’ community natural morality nava satta^va^sa neyyattha dhamma ni^tattha dhamma nissaya nissita pan~n~a^ vimutti pindapa^tik’anga reversible merit RIGHT LIVELIHOOD round of rebirth santi^rana citta streams of merit supportive karma te ci^varik’anga THIRTY-TWO FORMS THREE EVIL PATHS THREE GOOD PATHS THREE SUFFERINGS tiraccha^na yoni vaci^ vin~n~atti votthapana citta wheel of the law 经量部(Sautrantike) 六度(sad-paramita) 律经(Vinaya-sutra) 三性(tri-svabhava) 四谛(catur-satyas) 吴哥古迹(Angkor Vat) a^nantarika kamma a^nupubbi^ katha^ ahirika anottappa anatta^nupassana^ animitta vimokkha ascending insight bhavanga santa^na cetaso vinibandha cittass’ekaggata^ destructive karma disinterestedness ditthi vipalla^sa FIVE COMMANDMENTS FOREMOST PARAMITA FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS highest knowledge immaterial sphere ineffective karma kusala kammapatha mental advertence n~a^ta parin~n~a^ na^natta san~n~a^ NO STRIFE SAMADHI pakati upanissaya pan~n~atti si^la parikamma nimitta paticcasamuppa^da patta pindik’anga pureja^ta paccaya RIGHT REMEMBRANCE sahaja^ta paccaya santa^na santati sati sambojjhanga sati sampajan~n~a satta^va^sa nava SINGALOVADA SUTRA tatramajjhattata^ TEN DHARMA REALMS TEN WHOLESOMENESS upagha^taka kamma vin~n~a^na tthiti youth infatuation 迦毗罗卫(Kapilavastu) 三学(tisrah siksah) 桑奇大塔(Sanch Stupa) ahetu patisandhika an~n~a^ta^vindriya asankha^rika citta atta va^dupa^da^na catu voka^ra bhava ceto pariya n~a^na corporeality group cycle of existence dha^tu vavattha^na hasituppa^da citta health infatuation karma accumulation maturity knowledge meritorious action nirodha sama^patti patibha^ga nimitta patikkúla san~n~a^ reflex perceptions regenerative karma ruminating natured samatha vipassana^ sampayutta paccaya self mortification SIDDHARTHA GOUTAMA SIX EXTERNAL BASES SIX INTERNAL BASES SPHERE OF NO-THING tada^rammana citta tatra majjhattata^ ti^rana parin~n~a^ tiraccha^na katha^ TWO FORMS OF DEATH vippayutta paccaya wheel of existence 佛所行赞(Buddhacarita) 解脱道论(Vimuttimagga) 四大(caturmahabhuta) 五种姓(panca-gotrani) alcohol prohibition anabhirati san~n~a^ analytical doctrine animitta^nupassana^ answering questions appanihita vimokkha attha patisambhida^ counteractive karma death consciousness discursive thinking FOUR GREAT ELEMENTS FOUR UNLIMITED MIND fruits of monk life gradual instruction inferiority conceit intelligent natured lofty consciousness maha^purisa vitakka majjhima^ patipada^ one group existence RIGHT CONCENTRATION RIGHT UNDERSTANDING samanantara paccaya sampaticchana citta sattakkhattu parama SATYASIDDHI SHASTRA spiritual faculties sun~n~ata^ vimokkha superiority conceit suta maya^ pan~n~a^ TEN GREAT KING VOWS upatthambhaka kamma yamaka pa^tiha^riya 阿底峡(Atisa 982~1054) 大乘经(Mahayana sutra) 寂天(Santideva 约7世纪) 六足论(Satpada sastra) 说一切有部(Sarvastivada) a^kin~can~n~a^yatana access concentration adaptation knowledge akuppa^ ceto vimutti cemetery meditations cinta^ maya pan~n~a^ derived corporeality dhamma patisambhida^ dhamma tthiti n~a^na ditthi nissita si^la five group existence four group existence MANJUSRI BODHISATTVA manovinn~a^na dha^tu NIRVANA WITH RESIDUE niyata miccha^ditthi pa^rami^ pa^ramita^ paccha^ja^ta paccaya parami^ = pa^ramita^ pubbeniva^sa^nussati regenerating process samvejani^ya ttha^na SUDDEN ENLIGHTENMENT SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA sun~n~ata^nupassana^ tanha^ nissita si^la TEN TITLES OF BUDDHA THREE ENLIGHTENMENTS ti hetu patisandhika UNCONDITIONED DHARMA VAST AND LONG TONGUE vivattana^nupassana^ yatha^santhatik’anga 大乘论(Mahayana sastra) 小乘论(Hinayana sastra) 中道(madhyamapratipad) a^ka^sa^nan~ca^yatana animitta ceto vimutti antara^ parinibba^yi^ bhojane mattan~n~uta^ corporeality and mind death proximate karma dependent origination DVADASHAMUKHA SHASTRA dvi hetuka patisandhi germinating once more mind and corporeality ninefold dispensation nirutti patisambhida^ patipassaddhi paha^na produced corporeality pun~n~a kiriya vatthu questions and answers sota^pannassa anga^ni TEN MERITORIOUS DEEDS THREE CLASSIFICATIONS THREE PERIODS OF TIME transference of merit ubhato bha^ga vimutta vi^thi = citta vi^thi vin~n~a^nan~ca^yatana 梵网经(Brahmajala-sutra) 中论(Madhyamika-sastra) appama^na ceto vimutti bhavanga sota^, citta catu pa^risuddhi si^la citta samuttha^na rúpa doctrine of the Buddha FLOWER ADORNMENT SUTRA FOUR GREAT BODHISATTVA ji^vita navaka kala^pa kamma samuttha^na rúpa resistance perceptions sensitive corporeality SIXTEEN CONTEMPLATIONS substrata of existence THREE UNIVERSAL TRUTHS yatha^kammúpaga n~a^na 长阿含经(Dirghagama-sutra) 楞伽经(Lankavatara-sutra) 缘起(pratitya-samutpada) bhayatupattha^na n~a^na catu dha^tu vavattha^na dasa (tatha^gata ) bala determining the reality FIVE BASIC AFFLICATIONS muccitu kamyata^ n~a^na NIRVANA WITHOUT RESIDUE patinissagga^nupassana^ receptive consciousness retrospective knowledge sabbúpadhi patinissagga SIX STATES OF EXISTENCE VISVABHADRA BODHISATTVA 八正道(aryastangika-marga) 成实论(Satyasiddhi-sastra) 法称(Dharmakirti 约6~7世纪) 佛性(buddhata, buddhatva) 境行果(sthana-carya-phala) 毗尼多流支(Vinitaruci ?~594) 四分律(Dharmagupta-vinaya) 月称(Candrakirti 约7世纪中叶) ANNUTARA-SAMYAK-SAMBODHI attainment concentration clarity of consciousness corporeality perceptions ego idea, ego perception multiformity perceptions pa^na^tipa^ta^ veramani^ paccaya sannissita si^la patibha^na patisambhida^ reflecting contemplation verbal functions of mind 部派佛部(Sectarian Buddhism) 大日经(Mahavairocana-sutra) 寂护(Santiraksita 705~762) 戒日王(Siladitya 约590~647) 十诵律(Sarvastivada-vinaya) 无量寿经(Aparimitayur-sutra) 原始佛教(primitive Buddhism) 杂阿含经(Samyuktagama-sutra) hate rooted consciousness independently enlightened indriyesu gutta dva^rata^ kankha^ vitarana visuddhi pa^timokkha samvara si^la registering consciousness SAMANTABHADRA BODHISATTVA spontaneously born beings support decisive support TEN STAGES OF BODHISATTVA VIMALAKIRTI-NIVDESA SUTRA 佛教文学(Buddhist literature) 摩诃菩提会(Maha Bodhi Society) 增一阿含经(Ekottaragama-sutra) 中阿含经（Madh yamagama-sutra） a^ha^re patikkúla san~n~a^ a^kin~can~n~a ceto vimutti ability to acquire insight analysis of the 4 elements dasa pun~n~a kiriya vatthu functions of consciousness happy courses of existence impersonality of existence khalu paccha^ bhattik’anga MAHA-PRAJNA-PARAMITA-SUTRA mind consciousness element paranimmita vasavatti deva parassa ceto pariya n~a^na TEN VEHICLES OF MEDITATION THREEFOLD BODY OF A BUDDHA uddhamsota akanitthaga^mi^ 发智论(Jnanaprasthana-sastra) 俱舍论(Abhidharmakosa-sastra) 越南佛教（Vietnamese Buddhism） balance of mental faculties karma produced corporeality neighbourhood concentration origination of corporeality PURE LAND OF ULTIMATE BLISS thought thought conception yatha^ bhúta n~a^na dassana 佛教建筑(Buddhist architecture) akusala sa^dha^rana cetasika LAW OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION NINE STAGES OF LOTUS FLOWERS patisankha^nupassana^ n~a^na seven rebirths at the utmost SIX PERIODS OF DAY AND NIGHT 常乐我净(nitya-sukha-atma-subha) 大般涅槃经(Mahaparinirvana-sutra) 观无量寿经(Amitayurbhavana-sutra) 楞严经(surangama-samadhi-sutra) 菩萨戒本(Bodhisattva-pratimoksa) 乞[口*栗]双提赞Khri－Sron－Lde－bTsan 瑜伽师地论(Yogacara-bhumi-sastra) dittha dhamma vedani^ya kamma EIGHTEEN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS EVIL TIME OF FIVE TURBIDITIES THREE MEDITATIONS OF ONE MIND vuttha^na ga^mini^ vipassana^ 中国佛教美术（Buddhist　art　in　China） ascetic purification practices imperturbable karma formations sabba loke anabhirati san~n~a^ VIPASYANA SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA 维摩经(Vimalakirti-nirdesa-sutra) equilibrium of mental faculties lahuta^ muduta^, kamman~n~ata^ pariyatti patipatti, pativedha SIX DIRECTIONS OF REINCARNATION subha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi sukha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi THREE UNIVERSAL CHARACTERISTICS 大般若经(Mahaprajna-paramita-sutra) 铃木大拙(Suzuki Daisetsu 1870~1966) 妙法莲华经(Saddharmapundarika-sutra) 中国佛教音乐(Buddhist music in China) karmically acquired corporeality patipada^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi 大智度论(Mahaprajna-paramita-sastra) 冢本善隆(Tsukamoto Zenryu 1898~1980) anan~n~a^tan~ n~assa^mi^t’indriya citta ja (citta samuttha^na) rúpa ▲ 收起

英汉对照词典【433】TEN PARAMITA

Ten　　Paramita　　==　　十波罗蜜

see　　Paramita.

英汉对照词典【434】THREE DOGMAS

Three　　Dogmas　　==　　三谛

They　　are　　the　　Dogma　　of　　Void,　　Unreal　　and　　Mean.　　See　　also　　Three　　Meditations　　of　　One　　Mind.

英汉对照词典【435】THREE JEWELS

Three　　Jewels　　==　　三宝

Or　　the　　Three　　Precious　　Ones,　　i.e.　　the　　Buddha,　　the　　Dharma,　　and　　the　　Sangha.

英汉对照词典【436】THREE REALMS

Three　　Realms　　==　　三界

Sanskrit　　word　　is　　Trailokya.　　It　　is　　Buddhist　　metaphysical　　equivalence　　for　　the　　triple　　world　　of　　earth,　　atmosphere　　and　　heaven.
1.Realm　　of　　Sensusous　　Desire　　(Sanskrit　　word　　is　　Kamadhatu)　　of　　sex　　and　　food.　　It　　includes　　the　　Six　　Hevens　　of　　Desire,　　the　　Human　　World　　and　　the　　Hells.
2.Realm　　of　　Form　　(Sanskrit　　word　　is　　Rupaadhatu)　　of　　matter　　which　　is　　substantial　　and　　resistant.　　It　　includes　　the　　Heavens　　of　　Four　　Zen　　(Sanskrit　　word　　is　　Brahmalokas).
3.Realm　　of　　Formlessness　　(Sanskrit　　word　　is　　Arupadhatu)　　of　　pure　　spirit,　　where　　there　　are　　no　　bodies　　and　　matters　　to　　which　　human　　terms　　would　　apply,　　but　　where　　the　　mind　　dwells　　in　　mystic　　contemplation;　　its　　extent　　is　　indefinable,　　but　　it　　is　　conceived　　of　　in　　Four　　Stages/Places　　of　　Emptiness　　in　　the　　immaterial　　world.

英汉对照词典【437】THREE WISDOM

Three　　Wisdom　　==　　三智（一切智、道种智、一切种智）

There　　are　　three　　kinds　　of　　wisdom:　　
1.Sravaka　　and　　Praetyka-Buddha　　knowledge　　that　　all　　the　　Dharmas　　or　　laws　　are　　void　　and　　unreal　　
2.Bodhisattva　　knowledge　　of　　all　　things　　in　　proper　　discrimination　　
3.Buddha　　knowledge　　or　　perfect　　knowledge　　of　　all　　things　　in　　their　　every　　aspect　　and　　relationship　　past,　　present　　and　　future.
In　　Tien　　Tai　　Sect,　　the　　Three　　Wisdom　　is　　associated　　with　　the　　Three　　Dogmas　　of　　Void,　　Unreal　　and　　Mean.

南传佛教英文辞典【438】tranquillity

　　(of　　mind):　　s.　　samatha,　　samatha-vipassana^,　　bha^vana^,　　bojjhanga.　　-　　”One　　who　　has　　taken　　t.　　as　　his　　vehicle”:　　samathaya^nika　　(q.v.).

英汉对照词典【439】TWELVE BASES

Twelve　　Bases　　==　　十二处

The　　Six　　Internal　　Bases　　and　　the　　Six　　External　　Bases　　are　　together　　called　　the　　Twelve　　Bases.　　Base　　implies　　the　　meaning　　of　　germinating　　and　　nourishing.　　All　　mental　　activities　　are　　germinated　　and　　nourished　　from　　these　　Twelve　　Bases.

南传佛教英文辞典【440】twin miracle

　　yamaka-pa^tiha^riya　　(q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典【441】va^yo dha^tu

”wind-element”;　　s.　　dha^tu.

南传佛教英文辞典【442】vatthu ka^ma

”objective　　sensuality”,　　the　　5　　sense-objects;　　s.　　ka^ma.

南传佛教英文辞典【443】wind element

　　va^yo-dha^tu　　(s.　　dha^tu).

中国百科全书【444】三界(tridhatu)

　　Sanjie

　　佛教术语。即欲界、色界、无色界。界，义为类别。三界又可总分为有情界（有情识的生物）和器世界（处所）两类，而以有情界为主体。三界是据有情所造善、恶业及修不同定业所感苦、乐、色、无色等不同果报而建立的。如“三界众生，轮回六趣”即此义。

　　1、欲界。欲指财、色、名、食、睡五欲。主要指男女色欲。“男女参居，多诸染欲，故曰欲界。”欲界有五趣十二处。趣，义为趣向，五趣指有情生死，有五个去处，即地狱，畜生、饿鬼、人及六欲天，所以又称五趣杂居地。又有佛、菩萨来此度生及有修行成圣果者，又称凡圣同居地。其中地狱有等活、黑绳、众合、号叫、大叫、炎热、大热、无间等八处，加上畜生、饿鬼为十恶趣。人有南赡部洲、东胜身洲、西牛货洲、北俱卢洲等四处。天有四天王天、三十三天、夜摩天、睹史多天、乐变化天、他化自在天等六处。人天合为十善趣。此立足于人，地狱在下，最底层是无间地狱；天在上，他化自天位居最上。

　　2、色界。位于欲界之上，为离欲的众生所居。色，义为物质。“宫殿高大，是色化生，故名色界。”色界有四静虑十七天。静虑即平静思虑的禅定境界，四静虑天即有情依成就禅定的深浅所感的不同果报，有四级处所。初静虑三天（梵众、梵辅、大梵），二静虑三天（少光、天量光、极光净），三静虑三天（少净、无量净、遍净），四静虑八天（无云、福生、广果、无烦、无热、善现、善见、色究竟）。此八天中前三天是凡夫所居，次五天为圣者所居，圣者烦恼清净，又称五净居天。是为凡圣分居地。

　　3、无色界。在色界之上。为无形色众生所居。“但有四心，无色形质，故名无色界。”无色界有空无边处，识无边处，无所有处，非想非非想处。此四皆以不同定心境界立名。无色界无处所，有情在某地修某空定成就，舍色身后，即于是处入某空处。由于无物质形态，又名四空天。此三界总为一个世界。大乘佛教认为宇宙之中有无数这样的世界。（刘明渊）

中国百科全书【445】铁萨罗(Tissara)

　　Tiesaluo

　　师子国（今斯里兰卡）比丘尼。南朝宋元嘉十年（433）带领十位比丘尼随该国船主难提到中国建康（今南京），应景福寺尼慧果和净音之请，于元嘉十一年在南林寺设坛传戒，请僧伽跋摩为传戒师，为三百余尼僧重受具足戒。创中国尼僧如律如法从二部僧众受比丘尼戒之始。中国妇女出家为尼者，东汉时阿潘出家，仅受三归依；其后受具足戒者，始于东晋洛阳竹林寺净检尼等从昙摩羯多受戒，但仅系一边授戒，并非全戒。故元嘉六年师子国比丘尼八人来建康时，曾询及中国尼僧受戒情况，认为戒本从僧而发，虽二众不全，以从权之故，无妨尼僧得戒。如能重受，当然更好。先是慧果、净音等尼曾请求求那跋摩主持为她们重行受戒，求那跋摩也认为如律重受更好，但师子国比丘尼不满十人，而且正在学习汉语，最好是再行邀请外国比丘尼前来，凑足十人之数，不久求那跋摩去世，直到铁萨罗等十一尼来后，方改请僧伽跋摩主持传戒，但遭到祗洹寺慧义的反对，认为无需重受。僧伽跋摩几经和慧义辩论，终于说服慧义，而且还派遣他的弟子慧基等人参与传戒仪式。（童玮）

南传佛教英文辞典【446】Abbreviations

A.　　 Anguttara　　Nikáya　　(figures　　refer　　to　　number　　of　　book　　(nipáta)　　and　　Sutta)
Abh.　　　　Abhidhamma　　Pitaka　　(Canon)
Abh.　　S.　　　　Abhidhammattha　　Sangaha
Abh.　　St.　　　　Abhidhamma　　Studies,　　by　　Nyanaponika　　Thera　　(BPS)
App.　　　　Appendix　　at　　the　　end　　of　　this　　book
Atthasálini　　　　(Com.　　to　　Dhammasangani)
Atthasálini　　Tr.　　　　The　　Expositor,　　tr.　　by　　Maung　　Tin.　　PTS　　Tr.　　Series
Boehtl.　　　　Otto　　Boehtlingk,　　Sanskrit-W?rterbuch
BPS　　　　Buddhist　　Publication　　Society,　　Kandy
CNid.　　　　Cúla　　Niddesa
Com.　　　　Commentary
D.　　　　Dígha　　Nikáya　　(figures:　　number　　of　　Sutta)
Dhp.　　　　Dhammapada
Dhs.　　　　Dhammasangani
Fund.　　　　Fundamentals　　of　　Buddhism,　　Nyanatiloka　　(BPS)
Guide　　　　Guide　　through　　the　　Abhidhamma　　Pitaka,　　Nyanatiloka,　　3rd　　ed.　　1971　　(BPS)
It.　　　　Itivuttaka
Kath.　　　　Kathávatthu
Khp.　　　　Khuddakapátha
Khp.　　Tr.　　　　Minor　　Readings　　&　　Illustrator,　　tr.　　(of　　Khp.&　　Com)　　by　　?ánamoli　　Thera.
PTS　　Tr.　　　　Series
M.　　　　Majjhima　　Nikáya　　(figures:　　number　　of　　Sutta)
MNid.　　　　Mahá　　Niddesa
Mil.　　　　Milinda　　Pa?há
Path　　　　Path　　to　　Deliverance,　　Nyanatiloka　　(BPS)　　(figures:　　paragraphs)
Patth.　　　　Patthána
Pts.M.　　　　Patisambhidá　　Magga
PTS　　　　Páli　　Text　　Society”s　　editions
Pug.　　　　Puggala-Pa??atti　　(figures:　　paragraphs)
R.　　Und.　　　　Right　　Understanding,　　tr.　　(of　　M.　　9　　&　　Com.)　　by　　Soma　　Thera　　(BPS)
S.　　　　Samyutta　　Nikáya　　(figures:　　numbers　　of　　Samyutta　　and　　Sutta)
Sn.　　　　Sutta　　Nipáta　　(figures　　numbers　　of　　verses)
Tab.　　　　Table　　at　　the　　end　　of　　the　　book
Therag.　　　　Theragáthá
Tr.　　　　Translation
Vibh.　　　　Vibhanga
Vis.M.　　　　Visuddhi　　Magga　　(figures　　numbers　　of　　chapter　　&　　the　　paragraphing　　in　　Path　　of　　Purification,　　tr.　　by　　?ánamoli　　Thera,　　3rd　　ed.,　　BPS)
WHEEL　　　　THE　　WHEEL　　publ.　　by　　BPS
W.of　　B.　　　　The　　Word　　of　　the　　Buddha,　　Nyanatiloka　　(BPS)
Yam.　　　　Yamaka

南传佛教英文辞典【447】ahetuka citta

　　s.　　hetu.

南传佛教英文辞典【448】anatta^ va^da

　　the　　”doctrine　　of　　impersonality”;　　s.　　anatta^.

南传佛教英文辞典【449】anuloma citta

”adaptation-moment　　of　　consciousness”,　　denotes　　the　　third　　of　　the　　4　　moments　　of　　impulsion　　(javana,　　q.v.)　　flashing　　up　　immediately　　before　　either　　reaching　　the　　absorptions　　(jha^na,　　q.v.)　　or　　the　　supermundane　　paths　　(s.　　ariya-puggala).　　These　　4　　moments　　of　　impulsion　　are:　　the　　preparation　　(parikamma),　　access　　(upaca^ra),　　adaptation　　(anuloma)　　and　　maturity　　(gotrabhú)　　moments.　　For　　further　　details,　　s.　　javana,　　gotrabhú.

南传佛教英文辞典【450】attentiveness

　　attention,　　mindfulness;　　s.　　sati,　　satipattha^na.

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