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sel sex alms dosa ends gems lust rise sati ties adosa ASURA asura bases bonds cause chaos doors issa^ RAKSA rules sacca sagga sakka satta sekha sense shame si^la sloth space STUPA subha SUDRA sukha SUTRA vasi^ YAKSA yokes a^sava abodes access asekha beings BHIKSU biases course elders escape floods forest ghosts gnosis groups jewels kasina kilesa kusala misery phassa planes powers samma^ sangha SANJNA sarana sexual stains suddha sugati sukkha SUMERU taints truths tusita usages VAISYA WISDOM wisdom a^ka^sa absence ahimsa^ AKUSALA akusala anusaya arising cankers desana^ destiny disease factors fetters HSU YUN insight KUSHALA mastery message nissaya obha^sa remorse sa^sana sa^vaka saddha^ SAMADHI samatha sammuti SAMSARA samseva sassata sikkha^ sitting skilful sobhana spheres SRAVAKA sublime sun~n~a 戒(sila) AKUSHALA anussati aversion BHIKSUNI bondages cetasika delusion elements extremes fatalism gladness grasping influxes interest KSATRIYA not self opposite postures progress sakka^ya sama^dhi sambodhi sammatta sampada^ samsa^ra SAMSKARA san~n~a^ sankappa sankhata santa^na scruples sensuous serenity signless sucarita suchness upa^saka uposatha upstream vimamsa^ visuddhi 谛(satya) 空(sunya) asankhata avihimsa^ boundless cosmogony domanassa dwellings EMPTINESS emptiness existence faculties FIVE EYES happiness impulsion lightness mind base obstacles SAHA LAND sammasana samphassa samyojana sankha^ra SARIPUTRA sena^sana SENSATION SIX DUSTS SIX GUNAS SIX PATHS SIX ROOTS somanassa something suffering ti sarana treasures upa^sika^ vanishing YASODHARA a^bhassara abhisamaya absorption aggregates ALMSGIVING antinomies appendants asmi ma^na bhava^sava BODHISATTA Bodhisatta compassion conditions dibba sota elasticity enthusiasm expression few wishes FOUR SEALS hindrances impression impurities ka^ma^sava low speech MAHASATTVA messengers obduracies para^ma^sa patisandhi repression sa^man~n~a sama^patti sensuality SEVEN GEMS SHAKYAMUNI si^labbata SIX PLACES sota^panna sota^patti standstill stinginess successive SUDDHODANA ta^vatimsa TEN POWERS tendencies TWO DEATHS unshakable upakkilesa vesa^rajja vipalla^sa vipassana^ 不害(ahimsa) abstentions ahosi kamma alms giving ANAPANASATI anupassana^ ariya sacca ariya vamsa association attachments attainments BODHISATTVA chaste life co nascence corruptions defilements destruction dissolution dosa carita earnestness egolessness EIGHT WINDS foundations inseparable intoxicants khi^na^sava kusala múla LOTUS SUTRA manasika^ra mindfulness NINE REALMS perfections personality perversions pure abodes sala^yatana sama si^si^ samuttha^na san~cetana^ san~n~ojana si^vathika^ sikkha^pada supernormal tejo kasina THREE ROOTS THREE SEALS unwholesome uprightness wrongnesses 定 (samadhi) 結集(samgiti) 輪回(samsara) a^savakkhaya body witness covetousness dispensation dissociation dry visioned FIVE WISDOMS FOUR VIRTUES harmlessness homelessness inclinations ka^ya sakkhi karma result kilesa ka^ma light kasina nesajjikanga ni^la kasina noble abodes pakati si^la pan~ca si^la pasa^da rúpa patisandhika petti visaya pi^ta kasina pleasantness proclivities purisindriya radiant gods recollectons restlessness RIGHT SPEECH sacca n~a^na SAKRADAGAMIN sambojjhanga samma^ magga sampajan~n~a santutthita^ SIX INDRIYAS SIX PARAMITA SROTA-APANNA stream entry subconscious suddha^va^sa supermundane THREE DOGMAS THREE JEWELS THREE REALMS THREE WISDOM TWELVE BASES viveka sukha 佛教(Buddhism) 僧伽製度(samgha) 鐵薩羅(Tissara) a^loka kasina Abbreviations abhisankha^ra attentiveness BHAISAJYAGURU birth process companionship comprehension consciousness contentedness dasa pa^rami^ deathlessness demons’ realm disappearance FIVE BHIKSHUS FIVE OFFENCES FIVE PRECEPTS FIVE SKANDHAS FIVE VEHICLES fixed destiny higher wisdom imperfections investigating investigation karma process loathsomeness lohita kasina noble persons oda^ta kasina patisambhida^ patisankha^na post nascence sa^vaka bodhi sakada^ga^mi^ sammuti sacca samvara si^la sasankha^rika satipattha^na shamelessness silent buddha SIX ENTRANCES stream winner subha nimitta susa^nik’anga THREE POISONS THREE SHASTRA THREE STUDIES THREE VIRTUES TIEN TAI SECT TWELVE PLACES TWO OBSTACLES understanding voha^ra sacca 大史(Mahavamsa) 島史(Diqavamsa) 迦膩色迦(Kaniska) 馬鳴(Asvaghosa) 舍衛城(Sravasti) a^ka^sa dha^tu altruistic joy AMITABHA SUTRA asan~n~a satta AVALOKITESVARA Buddha sa^sana buddha^nussati citta santa^na citta visuddhi dasaka kala^pa desirelessness devata^nussati dhamma desana^ dhamma^nussati eka^sanik’anga foolish babble frivolous talk kusala vipa^ka marana^nussati saddha^nusa^ri sahetuka citta samudaya sacca samvara suddhi samvatta kappa samvega vatthu sangaha vatthu SIX FULFILMENT stupid natured TEN DIRECTIONS TEN GOOD DEEDS transformation transitoriness TWELVE NIDANAS upekkha^ sukha va^ritta si^la visible object 大圓滿(mahasanti) 二谛(twi-satyas) 叁谛(tri-satyas) a^loka san~n~a^ a^na^pa^na sati akusala vitakka anicca san~n~a^ appama^na subha characteristics citta sankha^ra dhamma^nusa^ri^ ditthi visuddhi EIGHT NEGATIONS EIGHTEEN FIELDS FIVE MESSENGERS FOUR GREAT VOWS gustatory organ indriya samatta ka^ya passaddhi loving kindness misapprehension naya vipassana^ nihilistic view nissaya paccaya pamsukúlik’anga pathavi^ kasina sakka^ya ditthi samatha ya^nika samma^ sambodhi sankhitta citta sapada^nik’anga sappatigha rúpa sceptical doubt self confidence SHATIKA SHASTRA sota^pattiyanga SPIRITUAL GHOST stored up karma TAKING PRECEPTS THREE DELUSIONS THREE OBSTACLES tranquilisation upasama^nussati vaci^ sankha^ra vaya^nupassana^ voha^ra desana^ 百論(Sata-sastra) 法護(Dharmaraksa) 極樂世界(sukhavati) 支婁迦谶(Lokaksema) a^sevana paccaya abbhoka^sik’anga anatta^ san~n~a^ appana^ sama^dhi assa^sa passa^sa AVATAMSAKA SUTRA citta vipalla^sa citta^nupassana^ cognitive series EIGHT SUFFERINGS FOUR HOLY REALMS ka^ya gata^ sati ka^ya^nupassana^ karma formations khandha santa^na khaya^nupassana^ maha^ vipassana^ mano san~cetana^ monks’ community nava satta^va^sa nissaya nissita reversible merit samma^ ppadha^na samvara padha^na santi^rana citta sensuous craving SIX SENSE-ORGANS streams of merit sukkha vipassaka supportive karma THIRTY-TWO FORMS THREE EVIL PATHS THREE GOOD PATHS THREE SUFFERINGS 經量部(Sautrantike) 六度(sad-paramita) 律經(Vinaya-sutra) 叁性(tri-svabhava) 釋迦牟尼 (Sakyamuni) 四谛(catur-satyas) adhisi^la sikkha^ anatta^nupassana^ anicca^nupassana^ ascending insight bhavanga santa^na cetaso vinibandha cittass’ekaggata^ destructive karma dhamma^nupassana^ disinterestedness ditthi vipalla^sa dukkha^nupassana^ eye consciousness FIVE COMMANDMENTS FOREMOST PARAMITA FOUR FEARLESSNESS FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS FOURFOLD ASSEMBLY highest knowledge immaterial sphere kusala kammapatha manopadosika deva na^natta san~n~a^ nissarana paha^na NO STRIFE SAMADHI non disappearance pa^risuddhi si^la pakati upanissaya pan~n~atti si^la paricchinna^ka^sa paticcasamuppa^da sahaja^ta paccaya santa^na santati sati sambojjhanga sati sampajan~n~a satta^va^sa nava sensuous clinging SINGALOVADA SUTRA SIX CONSCIOUSNESS SIX PSYCHIC POWER sudassa sudassi^ suppressive karma TEN DHARMA REALMS TEN WHOLESOMENESS upaca^ra sama^dhi vedana^nupassana^ 迦毗羅衛(Kapilavastu) 叁學(tisrah siksah) 桑奇大塔(Sanch Stupa) ahetu patisandhika asankha^rika citta cycle of existence domanassupavica^ra full comprehension hasituppa^da citta marana^sanna kamma meritorious action nirodha sama^patti nirodha^nupassana^ parikamma sama^dhi patikkúla san~n~a^ reflex perceptions samatha vipassana^ sampayutta paccaya samuccheda paha^na self mortification SIDDHARTHA GOUTAMA SIX EXTERNAL BASES SIX INTERNAL BASES somanassúpavica^ra SPHERE OF NO-THING TWO FORMS OF DEATH unconscious beings upanissaya paccaya vipassanúpakkilesa vira^ga^nupassana^ wheel of existence yoniso manasika^ra 蓮花生(Padmasambhava) 無著(Asanga 約4或5世紀) 最澄(Saicho 767~822) anabhirati san~n~a^ animitta^nupassana^ answering questions ANUPADISESA-NIBBANA attha patisambhida^ death consciousness discursive thinking FOUR GREAT ELEMENTS fruits of monk life gradual instruction kilesa parinibba^na lofty consciousness maha^purisa vitakka one group existence red kasina exercise RIGHT UNDERSTANDING samanantara paccaya sampaticchana citta san~n~a^ vipalla^sa sattakkhattu parama SATYASIDDHI SHASTRA spiritual faculties sun~n~ata^ vimokkha superiority conceit suta maya^ pan~n~a^ TEN GREAT KING VOWS viriya sambojjhanga 阿底峽(Atisa 982~1054) 大乘經(Mahayana sutra) 寂天(Santideva 約7世紀) 六足論(Satpada sastra) 清淨道論(Visuddhimagga) 說一切有部(Sarvastivada) access concentration cemetery meditations dhamma patisambhida^ ditthi nissita si^la five group existence four group existence greedy consciousness ka^mesu miccha^ca^ra MANJUSRI BODHISATTVA NIRVANA WITH RESIDUE paccavekkhana suddhi pubbeniva^sa^nussati pun~n~a^bhisankha^ra regenerating process sama^dhi parikkha^ra samvejani^ya ttha^na SA-UPADISESA-NIBBANA SIX FIELDS OF SENSES SUDDEN ENLIGHTENMENT SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA sun~n~ata^nupassana^ tanha^ nissita si^la TEN TITLES OF BUDDHA THREE ENLIGHTENMENTS ti hetu patisandhika VAST AND LONG TONGUE vivattana^nupassana^ yatha^santhatik’anga 大乘論(Mahayana sastra) 榮西(Eisai 1141~1215) 小乘論(Hinayana sastra) 源信(Genshin 942~1017) a^ka^sa^nan~ca^yatana anupa^disesa nibba^na apun~n~a^bhisankha^ra deluded consciousness DVADASHAMUKHA SHASTRA dvi hetuka patisandhi indriya samvara si^la n’eva sekha n’a^sekha nine abodes of beings ninefold dispensation nirutti patisambhida^ patipassaddhi paha^na questions and answers REALM OF FORMLESSNESS sacca^nulomika n~a^na sama^dhi sambojjhanga SIX HEAVENS OF DESIRE sota^pannassa anga^ni TEN MERITORIOUS DEEDS THREE CLASSIFICATIONS THREE PERIODS OF TIME transference of merit upekkha^ sambojjhanga visesa bha^giya si^la 朝鮮佛教(Korean Buddhism) 梵網經(Brahmajala-sutra) 覺音(Buddhaghosa 5世紀中葉) 蓮花戒(Kamalasila ?~780) 世親(Vasubandhu 約4或5世紀) 印度佛教(Indian Buddhism) 中論(Madhyamika-sastra) abhisama^ca^rika si^la bhavanga sota^, citta catu pa^risuddhi si^la citta samuttha^na rúpa desire for deliverance desireless deliverance FIVE FORMS OF DECAYING FLOWER ADORNMENT SUTRA FOUR GREAT BODHISATTVA kamma samuttha^na rúpa khidda padosika^ deva^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi orambha^giya samyojana passaddhi sambojjhanga prescribed moral rules resistance perceptions sa upa^disesa nibba^na sensitive corporeality SIXTEEN CONTEMPLATIONS substrata of existence THREE UNIVERSAL TRUTHS unshakable deliverance viparina^ma^nupassana^ 長阿含經(Dirghagama-sutra) 超戒寺(Vikramasilavihara) 楞伽經(Lankavatara-sutra) 親鸾(Shinran 1173~1262) 緣起(pratitya-samutpada) 中國佛教(Chinese Buddhism) dasa (tatha^gata ) bala FIVE BASIC AFFLICATIONS FOUR IMMEASURABLE MINDS NIRVANA WITHOUT RESIDUE patinissagga^nupassana^ receptive consciousness retrospective knowledge sabbúpadhi patinissagga sankha^rupekkha^ n~a^na si^la sama^dhi pan~n~a^ SIX STATES OF EXISTENCE VISVABHADRA BODHISATTVA 八正道(aryastangika-marga) 成實論(Satyasiddhi-sastra) 大乘佛教(Mahayana Byddhism) 境行果(sthana-carya-phala) 日本佛教(Japanese Buddhism) a^dibrahmacariyaka si^la ANNUTARA-SAMYAK-SAMBODHI asankha^ra parinibba^yi^ bhanga^nupassana^ n~a^na clarity of consciousness corporeality perceptions ka^ma sukh’allika^nuyoga multiformity perceptions paccaya sannissita si^la paricchinna^ka^sa kasina patibha^na patisambhida^ REALM OF SENSUOUS DESIRE sacchikarani^ya^ dhamma^ uddhambha^giya samyojana verbal functions of mind 部派佛部(Sectarian Buddhism) 大日經(Mahavairocana-sutra) 寂護(Santiraksita 705~762) 戒日王(Siladitya 約590~647) 戒賢(Silabhadra 約528~651 ) 摩诃僧祇律(Mahasangha-vinaya) 尼泊爾佛教(Nepalese Buddhism) 十誦律(Sarvastivada-vinaya) 實叉難陀(Siksananda 652~710) 無量壽經(Aparimitayur-sutra) 原始佛教(primitive Buddhism) 雜阿含經(Samyuktagama-sutra) a^ji^va pa^risuddhi si^la adukkha m asukha^ vedana^ hate rooted consciousness indriyesu gutta dva^rata^ kankha^ vitarana visuddhi nibbida^nupassana^ n~a^na pa^risuddhi padha^niyanga pa^timokkha samvara si^la registering consciousness sama^dhi vippha^ra^ iddhi SAMANTABHADRA BODHISATTVA sasankha^ra parinibba^yi^ spontaneously born beings support decisive support TEN STAGES OF BODHISATTVA vanishing and reappearing VIMALAKIRTI-NIVDESA SUTRA 佛教文學(Buddhist literature) 摩诃菩提會(Maha Bodhi Society) 昙無谶(Dharmaksema 385~433) 增一阿含經(Ekottaragama-sutra) 中阿含經(Madh yamagama-sutra) a^ha^re patikkúla san~n~a^ ability to acquire insight analysis of the 4 elements dasa pun~n~a kiriya vatthu dhamma vicaya sambojjhanga functions of consciousness happy courses of existence impersonality of existence MAHA-PRAJNA-PARAMITA-SUTRA mind consciousness element paranimmita vasavatti deva parassa ceto pariya n~a^na TEN VEHICLES OF MEDITATION uddhamsota akanitthaga^mi^ 發智論(Jnanaprasthana-sastra) 俱舍論(Abhidharmakosa-sastra) 越南佛教(Vietnamese Buddhism) a^di^nava^nupassana^ n~a^na balance of mental faculties PURE LAND OF ULTIMATE BLISS yatha^ bhúta n~a^na dassana 佛教建築(Buddhist architecture) akusala sa^dha^rana cetasika NINE STAGES OF LOTUS FLOWERS patisankha^nupassana^ n~a^na seven rebirths at the utmost SIX PERIODS OF DAY AND NIGHT udayabbaya^nupassana^ n~a^na 常樂我淨(nitya-sukha-atma-subha) 大般涅槃經(Mahaparinirvana-sutra) 觀無量壽經(Amitayurbhavana-sutra) 楞嚴經(surangama-samadhi-sutra) 菩薩戒本(Bodhisattva-pratimoksa) 乞[口*栗]雙提贊Khri-Sron-Lde-bTsan 瑜伽師地論(Yogacara-bhumi-sastra) EIGHTEEN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS EVIL TIME OF FIVE TURBIDITIES THREE MEDITATIONS OF ONE MIND vuttha^na ga^mini^ vipassana^ 斯裏蘭卡佛教(Buddhism in Sri Lanka) 中國佛教美術(Buddhist art in China) adhipan~n~a^ dhamma vipassana^ ascetic purification practices imperturbable karma formations sabba loke anabhirati san~n~a^ VIPASYANA SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA 維摩經(Vimalakirti-nirdesa-sutra) equilibrium of mental faculties SIX DIRECTIONS OF REINCARNATION subha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi sukha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi THREE UNIVERSAL CHARACTERISTICS 村上專精(Murakami Senjo 1851~1928) 大般若經(Mahaprajna-paramita-sutra) 鈴木大拙(Suzuki Daisetsu 1870~1966) 妙法蓮華經(Saddharmapundarika-sutra) 中國佛教音樂(Buddhist music in China) patipada^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi 大智度論(Mahaprajna-paramita-sastra) 冢本善隆(Tsukamoto Zenryu 1898~1980) anan~n~a^tan~ n~assa^mi^t’indriya citta ja (citta samuttha^na) rúpa FOUR ASPECTS (OF BUDDHIST DHARMA) n’eva san~n~a^ n’a^san~n~a^yatana 勝鬘經(Srimala-devi simhanada-sutra) 望月信亨(Mochizuki Shinko 1869~1948) a^ha^ra ja (or-samuttha^na) - rúpa magga^magga n~a^nadassana visuddhi NIRVANA OF PURE, CLEAR SELF-NATURE 成唯識論(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-sastra) 東南亞佛教(Buddhism in South East Asia) EIGHT DIVISIONS OF GODS AND DRAGONS 高楠順次郎(Takakusu Junjiro 1866~1945) 解深密經(Sandhinir-mokcana-vyuha-sutra) 攝大乘論(Mahayana-samuparigraha-sastra) 中國佛學院(The Chinese Buddhist Academy) 達斯,S·C·(Sarat Chandra Das 1849~1917) 大乘起信論(Maha yana-Sraddhotpada-sastra) 大毗婆沙論(Abhidharma-mahavibhasa-sastra) 歐美佛教(Buddhism in America and Europe) a^rammana^dhipati a^rammanupanissaya FIVE CATEGORIES OF UNTRANSLATED TERMS TWELVE LINKS OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION 般若波羅蜜多心經(Prajna-paramita-hrdaya-sutra) FOUR WAYS (OF LEARNING BUDDHIST DHARMA) 雜阿毗昙心論(Samyuktabhidharma-hrdaya-sastra) TEN GREAT DISCIPLES OF SKAKYAMUNI BUDDHA 金剛經(Vajracchedika-prajna-paramita-sutra) 異部宗輪論(Samayabhedo-paracanacak-ra-sastra) 華嚴經(Bud dhavatamsaka-mahavai pul yasutra) 叁十七菩提分(saptatrimsadbodhi-paksika-dharmah) 中國佛教協會(The Buddhist Association of China) karmically wholesome, unwholesome, neutral thiti bha^giya si^la, sama^dhi, pan~n~a^ FOUR RELIANCE (TO LEARNING BUDDHIST DHARMA) 大方等大集經(Mahavai pul ya-mahasanni-pata-sutra) SPHERE OF NEITHER-PERCEPTION-NOR-NON-PERCEPTION 阿彌陀經(Sukhavati-v yuha-sutra,Amitayur-v yuha-sutra) 李斯·戴維斯,T·W·(Thomas Williams Rhys Davids 1843~1922) 唯識二十論(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-vimsa-kakarika-sastra) 唯識叁十頌(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-trimsai-kakarika-sastra) 馬拉拉塞克拉,G·P·(Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera 1899~1973) 國際佛教研究協會(The International Association of Buddhist Studies) sura^meraya majja ppama^dattha^na^ veramani^ sikkha^padam sama^diya^mi ▲ 收起
南傳佛教英文辭典 【451】marana^nussati

  ”recollection  of  death”,  is  one  of  the  10  recollections  treated  in  detail  in  Vis.M.  VIII:
””Recollection  of  death,  developed  and  frequently  practised,  yields  great  reward,  great  blessing,  has  Deathlessness  as  its  goal  and  object.  But  how  may  such  recollection  be  developed?
"As  soon  as  the  day  declines,  or  as  the  night  vanishes  and  the  day  is  breaking,  the  monk  thus  reflects:  ”Truly,  there  are  many  possibilities  for  me  to  die:  I  may  be  bitten  by  a  serpent,  or  be  stung  by  a  scorpion  or  a  centipede,  and  thereby  I  may  lose  my  life.  But  this  would  be  an  obstacle  for  me.  Or  I  may  stumble  and  fall  to  the  ground,  or  the  food  eaten  by  me  may  not  agree  with  my  health;  or  bile,  phlegm  and  piercing  body  gases  may  become  disturbing,  or  men  or  ghosts  may  attack  me,  and  thus  I  may  lose  my  life.  But  this  would  be  an  obstacle  for  me.”  Then  the  monk  has  to  consider  thus:  ”Are  there  still  to  be  found  in  me  unsubdued  evil,  unwholesome  things  which,  if  I  should  die  today  or  tonight,  might  lead  me  to  suffering?”  Now,  if  he  understands  that  this  is  the  case,  he  should  use  his  utmost  resolution,  energy,  effort,  endeavour,  steadfastness,  attentiveness  and  clear-mindedness  in  order  to  overcome  these  evil,  unwholesome  things"  (A  VIII,  74).
In  Vis.M.  VIII  it  is  said:  ”He  who  wishes  to  develop  this  meditation,  should  retreat  to  solitude,  and  whilst  living  secluded  he  should  thus  wisely  reflect:  ”Death  will  come  to  me!  The  vital  energy  will  be  cut  off!”  Or:  ”Death!  Death!”  To  him,  namely,  who  does  not  wisely  reflect,  sorrow  may  arise  by  thinking  on  the  death  of  a  beloved  person,  just  as  to  a  mother  whilst  thinking  on  the  death  of  her  beloved  child.  Again,  by  reflecting  on  the  death  of  a  disliked  person,  joy  may  arise,  just  as  to  enemies  whilst  thinking  on  the  death  of  their  enemies.  Through  thinking  on  the  death  of  an  indifferent  person,  however,  no  emotion  will  arise,  just  as  to  a  man  whose  work  consists  in  cremating  the  dead  at  the  sight  of  a  dead  body.  And  by  reflecting  on  one”s  own  death  fright  may  arise  ...  just  as  at  the  sight  of  a  murderer  with  drawn  sword  one  becomes  filled  with  horror.  Thus,  whenever  seeing  here  or  there  slain  or  other  dead  beings,  one  should  reflect  on  the  death  of  such  deceased  persons  who  once  lived  in  happiness,  and  one  should  rouse  one”s  attentiveness,  emotion  and  knowledge  and  consider  thus:  ”Death  will  come,  etc.”....  Only  in  him  who  considers  in  this  way,  will  the  hindrances  (ni^varana,  q.v.)  be  repressed;  and  through  the  idea  of  death  attention  becomes  steadfast,  and  the  exercise  reaches  neighbourhood-concentration  (upaca^ra-sama^dhi)."
According  to  Vis.M.  VIII,  one  may  also  reflect  on  death  in  the  following  various  ways:  one  may  think  of  it  as  a  murderer  with  a  drawn  sword  standing  in  front  of  oneself;  or  one  may  bear  in  mind  that  all  happiness  ends  in  death;  or  that  even  the  mightiest  beings  on  this  earth  are  subject  to  death;  or  that  we  must  share  this  body  with  all  those  innumerable  worms  and  other  tiny  beings  residing  therein;  or  that  life  is  something  dependent  on  in-and-out  breathing,  and  bound  up  with  it;  or  that  life  continues  only  as  long  as  the  elements,  food,  breath,  etc.  are  properly  performing  their  functions;  or  that  nobody  knows  when,  where,  and  under  what  circumstances,  death  will  take  place,  and  what  kind  of  fate  we  have  to  expect  after  death;  or,  that  life  is  very  short  and  limited.  As  it  is  said:  ”Short,  indeed,  is  this  life  of  men,  limited,  fleeting,  full  or  woe  and  torment;  it  is  just  like  a  dewdrop  that  vanishes  as  soon  as  the  sun  rises;  like  a  water-bubble;  like  a  furrow  drawn  in  the  water;  like  a  torrent  dragging  everything  along  and  never  standing  still;  like  cattle  for  slaughter  that  every  moment  look  death  in  the  face"  (A.  VII,  74).
"The  monk  devoted  to  this  recollection  of  death  is  at  all  time  indefatigable,  gains  the  idea  of  disgust  with  regard  to  all  forms  of  existence,  gives  up  delight  in  life,  detests  evil,  does  not  hoard  up  things,  is  free  from  stinginess  with  regard  to  the  necessities  of  life,  the  idea  of  impermanence  (anicca)  becomes  familiar  to  him;  and  through  pursuing  it,  the  idea  of  misery  (dukkha)  and  of  impersonality  (anatta^)  become  present  to  him  ....  Free  from  fear  and  bewilderment  will  he  pass  away  at  death;  and  should  he  not  yet  realize  the  Deathless  State  in  his  life-time,  he  will  at  the  dissolution  of  the  body  attain  to  a  happy  course  of  existence"  (Vis.M.  VIII).
See  Buddhist  Reflections  on  Death,  by  V.  F.  Gunaratna  (WHEEL  102/103).  -Buddhism  and  Death,  by  M.Q.C.  Walshe  (WHEEL.  260).

南傳佛教英文辭典 【452】saddha^nusa^ri

  and  saddha^  vimutta:  the  ”faith-devoted  and  the  ”faith-liberated”,  are  two  of  the  7  kinds  of  noble  disciples  (s.  ariya-puggala,  B.).

南傳佛教英文辭典 【453】sahetuka citta

  s.  hetu.

南傳佛教英文辭典 【454】samudaya sacca

”truth  of  the  origin”,  i.e.  the  origin  of  suffering,  is  the  2nd  of  the  4  Noble  Truths  (sacca,  q.v.).

南傳佛教英文辭典 【455】samvara suddhi

”purity  of  control”,  is  another  name  for  morality  consisting  of  restraint  of  the  senses  (indriya-samvara-si^la;  s.  si^la).

南傳佛教英文辭典 【456】samvatta kappa

  s.  kappa.

南傳佛教英文辭典 【457】samvega vatthu

”the  sources  of  emotion”,  or  of  a  sense  of  urgency,  are  8:  "birth,  old  age,  disease,  death,  being  4;  the  suffering  in  the  lower  states  of  existence  being  the  5th;  further,  the  misery  of  the  past  rooted  in  the  cycle  of  rebirth,  the  misery  of  the  future  rooted  in  the  cycle  of  rebirth,  the  misery  of  the  present  rooted  in  the  search  after  food"  (Vis.M.  III.).

南傳佛教英文辭典 【458】sangaha vatthu

  the  4  ”ways  of  showing  favour”  are  liberality,  kindly  speech,  beneficial  actions,  impartiality  (A.  IV,  32;  VIII,  24).

英漢對照詞典 【459】SIX FULFILMENT

Six  Fulfilment  ==  六成就(佛經開卷的內容:如是、我聞、說法的時間、說法人、地點、聽衆)

the  six  requirements  indicating  that  the  Sutra  is  a  true  record  of  teachings  given  directly  by  the  Buddha.  They  are  the  fulfilment  of  meeting  the  requirement  
1.on  belief  2.on  hearing  3.on  time  4.on  of  the  host  5.on  place  6.on  audiences

南傳佛教英文辭典 【460】stupid natured

  s.  carita.

英漢對照詞典 【461】TEN DIRECTIONS

Ten  Directions  ==  十方

the  ten  directions  of  space,  i.e.  the  eight  points  of  the  compass  and  the  nadir  and  zenith.  There  is  a  Buddha  in  each  direction.

英漢對照詞典 【462】TEN GOOD DEEDS

Ten  Good  Deeds  ==  十善

The  Ten  Forms  of  Good  Actions  for  layman,  or  Ten  Wholesomeness.
1.No  killing  
2.No  stealing  
3.No  adultery  
4.No  lying  
5.No  slandering  
6.No  harsh  speech  
7.No  idle  talks  
8.No  greed  
9.No  hatred  
10.No  illusion  
It  is  essential  for  the  rebirth  in  Deva  realm.

南傳佛教英文辭典 【463】transformation

  power  of:  s.  iddhi.

南傳佛教英文辭典 【464】transitoriness

  anicca  (q.v.).

英漢對照詞典 【465】TWELVE NIDANAS

Twelve  Nidanas  ==  十二因緣

see  the  Twelve  Links  of  Dependent  Origination.

南傳佛教英文辭典 【466】upekkha^ sukha

”equanimous  happiness,”  is  the  feeling  of  happiness  accompanied  by  a  high  degree  of  equanimity  (upekkha^)  as,  e.g.  in  the  3rd  absorption  (jha^na  q.v.).

南傳佛教英文辭典 【467】va^ritta si^la

”morality  consisting  in  avoiding”  (evil  things),  as  distinguished  from  ”morality  consisting  in  performing”  (good  things).  See  caritta-varitta.

南傳佛教英文辭典 【468】va^ritta si^la

  s.  ca^ritta.

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