s. oja^, a^ha^ra. - a^ha^ra is one of the 24 conditions (paccaya, q.v.) - n.- produced corporeality; s. samuttha^na.
the 10 o. of meditation: palibodha (q.v.); for the 5 mental obstacles, or hindrances, s. ni^varana.
”obstacles”, is the term for the following things if they obstruct the monk in the strict practice of a subject of meditation: a crowded monastery, travelling, relatives, association with lay folk, gifts, pupils, repairs in the monastery, sickness, study, magical power. The latter, however, may become an obstacle only in developing insight (vipassana^, q.v.). See Vis.M. III, 29ff. - (App.)
This 10-fold group is perhaps for the first time mentioned in Khp. Com. and explained in Vis.M. III.
”preparatory-moment”: s. javana.
”learning the doctrine”, the ”wording of the doctrine”. In the ”progress of the disciple” (q.v.), 3 stages may be distinguished: theory, practice, realization, i.e. (1) learning the wording of the doctrine (pariyatti), (2) practising it (patipatti), (3) penetrating it (pativedha) and realising its goal. (App.).
1.”Road”, ”path”; for instance in dukkhanirodha-ga^mini^-patipada^, ”the road leading to the extinction of suffering” (= 4th Noble Truth); majjhima-patipada^, ”the Middle Way”.
2.”Progress” (see also the foll. article). There are 4 modes of progress to deliverance: (1) painful progress with slow comprehension (dukkha^ patipada^ dandha^bhin~n~a^), (2) painful progress with quick comprehension, (3) pleasant progress with slow comprehension, (4) pleasant progress with quick comprehension. In A. IV, 162 it is said:
(1) "Some person possesses by nature excessive greed, excessive hate, excessive delusion, and thereby he often feels pain and sorrow; and also the 5 mental faculties, as faith, energy, mindfulness, concentration and wisdom (s. indriya 15-19) are dull in him; and by reason thereof he reaches only slowly the immediacy (a^nantariya, q.v) to the cessation of all cankers.
(2) Some person possesses by nature excessive greed, etc., but the 5 mental faculties are sharp in him and by reason thereof he reaches quickly the immediacy to the cessation of all cankers ....
(3) "Some person possesses by nature no excessive greed, etc., but the 5 mental faculties are dull in him, and by reason thereof he reaches slowly the immediacy to the cessation of all cankers ....
(4) ”Some person possessess by nature no excessive greed, etc., and the mental faculties are sharp in him, and by reason thereof he reaches quickly the immediacy to the cessation of all cankers ....
See A. IV, 162, 163, 166-169; Dhs. 176ff; Atthasa^lini Tr. I, 243; 11, 291, 317.
s. pariyatti.
practice, or ”pursuance” of the teaching, as distinguished from the mere theoretical knowledge of its wording (pariyatti, q.v.).
s. pariyatti.
”penetration”, signifies the realization of the truth of the Dhamma, as distinguished from the mere acquisition of its wording (pariyatti), or the practice (patipatti) of it, in other words, realization as distinguished from theory and practice. Cf. pariyatti.
s. vi^mamsa^.
anantara, is one of the 24 conditions (paccaya, q.v.).
Pure Land == 淨土
generally refers to the Paradise of the West, presided over by Amitabha. Also known as the Land of Ultimate Bliss. Other Buddhas have their own Pure Lands. The Pure-Land Sect whose chief tenet is salvation by faith in Amitabha; it is the popular cult in China and Japan.
s. patisambhida^.
”fine-material world”; s. loka.
Saha Land == 娑婆世界
It refers to the land on Earth. Saha interprets as bearing and enduring. Saha Land is contrary to Pure Land.
”comprehension”, exploring, ”determining” (vavattha^na, q.v.) is a name for the determining of all phenomena of existence as impermanent, miserable and impersonal (anicca, dukkha, anatta^), etc., which is the beginning of insight (s. Pts.M. I, p. 53; Vis.M. XX); also called kala^pa-s. (q.v.), ”comprehension by groups (of existence - khandha).” (App.).