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sel sex alms dosa ends gems lust rise sati ties adosa ASURA asura bases bonds cause chaos doors issa^ RAKSA rules sacca sagga sakka satta sekha sense shame si^la sloth space STUPA subha SUDRA sukha SUTRA vasi^ YAKSA yokes a^sava abodes access asekha beings BHIKSU biases course elders escape floods forest ghosts gnosis groups jewels kasina kilesa kusala misery phassa planes powers samma^ sangha SANJNA sarana sexual stains suddha sugati sukkha SUMERU taints truths tusita usages VAISYA WISDOM wisdom a^ka^sa absence ahimsa^ AKUSALA akusala anusaya arising cankers desana^ destiny disease factors fetters HSU YUN insight KUSHALA mastery message nissaya obha^sa remorse sa^sana sa^vaka saddha^ SAMADHI samatha sammuti SAMSARA samseva sassata sikkha^ sitting skilful sobhana spheres SRAVAKA sublime sun~n~a 戒(sila) AKUSHALA anussati aversion BHIKSUNI bondages cetasika delusion elements extremes fatalism gladness grasping influxes interest KSATRIYA not self opposite postures progress sakka^ya sama^dhi sambodhi sammatta sampada^ samsa^ra SAMSKARA san~n~a^ sankappa sankhata santa^na scruples sensuous serenity signless sucarita suchness upa^saka uposatha upstream vimamsa^ visuddhi 谛(satya) 空(sunya) asankhata avihimsa^ boundless cosmogony domanassa dwellings EMPTINESS emptiness existence faculties FIVE EYES happiness impulsion lightness mind base obstacles SAHA LAND sammasana samphassa samyojana sankha^ra SARIPUTRA sena^sana SENSATION SIX DUSTS SIX GUNAS SIX PATHS SIX ROOTS somanassa something suffering ti sarana treasures upa^sika^ vanishing YASODHARA a^bhassara abhisamaya absorption aggregates ALMSGIVING antinomies appendants asmi ma^na bhava^sava BODHISATTA Bodhisatta compassion conditions dibba sota elasticity enthusiasm expression few wishes FOUR SEALS hindrances impression impurities ka^ma^sava low speech MAHASATTVA messengers obduracies para^ma^sa patisandhi repression sa^man~n~a sama^patti sensuality SEVEN GEMS SHAKYAMUNI si^labbata SIX PLACES sota^panna sota^patti standstill stinginess successive SUDDHODANA ta^vatimsa TEN POWERS tendencies TWO DEATHS unshakable upakkilesa vesa^rajja vipalla^sa vipassana^ 不害(ahimsa) abstentions ahosi kamma alms giving ANAPANASATI anupassana^ ariya sacca ariya vamsa association attachments attainments BODHISATTVA chaste life co nascence corruptions defilements destruction dissolution dosa carita earnestness egolessness EIGHT WINDS foundations inseparable intoxicants khi^na^sava kusala múla LOTUS SUTRA manasika^ra mindfulness NINE REALMS perfections personality perversions pure abodes sala^yatana sama si^si^ samuttha^na san~cetana^ san~n~ojana si^vathika^ sikkha^pada supernormal tejo kasina THREE ROOTS THREE SEALS unwholesome uprightness wrongnesses 定 (samadhi) 结集(samgiti) 轮回(samsara) a^savakkhaya body witness covetousness dispensation dissociation dry visioned FIVE WISDOMS FOUR VIRTUES harmlessness homelessness inclinations ka^ya sakkhi karma result kilesa ka^ma light kasina nesajjikanga ni^la kasina noble abodes pakati si^la pan~ca si^la pasa^da rúpa patisandhika petti visaya pi^ta kasina pleasantness proclivities purisindriya radiant gods recollectons restlessness RIGHT SPEECH sacca n~a^na SAKRADAGAMIN sambojjhanga samma^ magga sampajan~n~a santutthita^ SIX INDRIYAS SIX PARAMITA SROTA-APANNA stream entry subconscious suddha^va^sa supermundane THREE DOGMAS THREE JEWELS THREE REALMS THREE WISDOM TWELVE BASES viveka sukha 佛教(Buddhism) 僧伽制度(samgha) 铁萨罗(Tissara) a^loka kasina Abbreviations abhisankha^ra attentiveness BHAISAJYAGURU birth process companionship comprehension consciousness contentedness dasa pa^rami^ deathlessness demons’ realm disappearance FIVE BHIKSHUS FIVE OFFENCES FIVE PRECEPTS FIVE SKANDHAS FIVE VEHICLES fixed destiny higher wisdom imperfections investigating investigation karma process loathsomeness lohita kasina noble persons oda^ta kasina patisambhida^ patisankha^na post nascence sa^vaka bodhi sakada^ga^mi^ sammuti sacca samvara si^la sasankha^rika satipattha^na shamelessness silent buddha SIX ENTRANCES stream winner subha nimitta susa^nik’anga THREE POISONS THREE SHASTRA THREE STUDIES THREE VIRTUES TIEN TAI SECT TWELVE PLACES TWO OBSTACLES understanding voha^ra sacca 大史(Mahavamsa) 岛史(Diqavamsa) 迦腻色迦(Kaniska) 马鸣(Asvaghosa) 舍卫城(Sravasti) a^ka^sa dha^tu altruistic joy AMITABHA SUTRA asan~n~a satta AVALOKITESVARA Buddha sa^sana buddha^nussati citta santa^na citta visuddhi dasaka kala^pa desirelessness devata^nussati dhamma desana^ dhamma^nussati eka^sanik’anga foolish babble frivolous talk kusala vipa^ka marana^nussati saddha^nusa^ri sahetuka citta samudaya sacca samvara suddhi samvatta kappa samvega vatthu sangaha vatthu SIX FULFILMENT stupid natured TEN DIRECTIONS TEN GOOD DEEDS transformation transitoriness TWELVE NIDANAS upekkha^ sukha va^ritta si^la visible object 大圆满(mahasanti) 二谛(twi-satyas) 三谛(tri-satyas) a^loka san~n~a^ a^na^pa^na sati akusala vitakka anicca san~n~a^ appama^na subha characteristics citta sankha^ra dhamma^nusa^ri^ ditthi visuddhi EIGHT NEGATIONS EIGHTEEN FIELDS FIVE MESSENGERS FOUR GREAT VOWS gustatory organ indriya samatta ka^ya passaddhi loving kindness misapprehension naya vipassana^ nihilistic view nissaya paccaya pamsukúlik’anga pathavi^ kasina sakka^ya ditthi samatha ya^nika samma^ sambodhi sankhitta citta sapada^nik’anga sappatigha rúpa sceptical doubt self confidence SHATIKA SHASTRA sota^pattiyanga SPIRITUAL GHOST stored up karma TAKING PRECEPTS THREE DELUSIONS THREE OBSTACLES tranquilisation upasama^nussati vaci^ sankha^ra vaya^nupassana^ voha^ra desana^ 百论(Sata-sastra) 法护(Dharmaraksa) 极乐世界(sukhavati) 支娄迦谶(Lokaksema) a^sevana paccaya abbhoka^sik’anga anatta^ san~n~a^ appana^ sama^dhi assa^sa passa^sa AVATAMSAKA SUTRA citta vipalla^sa citta^nupassana^ cognitive series EIGHT SUFFERINGS FOUR HOLY REALMS ka^ya gata^ sati ka^ya^nupassana^ karma formations khandha santa^na khaya^nupassana^ maha^ vipassana^ mano san~cetana^ monks’ community nava satta^va^sa nissaya nissita reversible merit samma^ ppadha^na samvara padha^na santi^rana citta sensuous craving SIX SENSE-ORGANS streams of merit sukkha vipassaka supportive karma THIRTY-TWO FORMS THREE EVIL PATHS THREE GOOD PATHS THREE SUFFERINGS 经量部(Sautrantike) 六度(sad-paramita) 律经(Vinaya-sutra) 三性(tri-svabhava) 释迦牟尼 (Sakyamuni) 四谛(catur-satyas) adhisi^la sikkha^ anatta^nupassana^ anicca^nupassana^ ascending insight bhavanga santa^na cetaso vinibandha cittass’ekaggata^ destructive karma dhamma^nupassana^ disinterestedness ditthi vipalla^sa dukkha^nupassana^ eye consciousness FIVE COMMANDMENTS FOREMOST PARAMITA FOUR FEARLESSNESS FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS FOURFOLD ASSEMBLY highest knowledge immaterial sphere kusala kammapatha manopadosika deva na^natta san~n~a^ nissarana paha^na NO STRIFE SAMADHI non disappearance pa^risuddhi si^la pakati upanissaya pan~n~atti si^la paricchinna^ka^sa paticcasamuppa^da sahaja^ta paccaya santa^na santati sati sambojjhanga sati sampajan~n~a satta^va^sa nava sensuous clinging SINGALOVADA SUTRA SIX CONSCIOUSNESS SIX PSYCHIC POWER sudassa sudassi^ suppressive karma TEN DHARMA REALMS TEN WHOLESOMENESS upaca^ra sama^dhi vedana^nupassana^ 迦毗罗卫(Kapilavastu) 三学(tisrah siksah) 桑奇大塔(Sanch Stupa) ahetu patisandhika asankha^rika citta cycle of existence domanassupavica^ra full comprehension hasituppa^da citta marana^sanna kamma meritorious action nirodha sama^patti nirodha^nupassana^ parikamma sama^dhi patikkúla san~n~a^ reflex perceptions samatha vipassana^ sampayutta paccaya samuccheda paha^na self mortification SIDDHARTHA GOUTAMA SIX EXTERNAL BASES SIX INTERNAL BASES somanassúpavica^ra SPHERE OF NO-THING TWO FORMS OF DEATH unconscious beings upanissaya paccaya vipassanúpakkilesa vira^ga^nupassana^ wheel of existence yoniso manasika^ra 莲花生(Padmasambhava) 无著(Asanga 约4或5世纪) 最澄(Saicho 767~822) anabhirati san~n~a^ animitta^nupassana^ answering questions ANUPADISESA-NIBBANA attha patisambhida^ death consciousness discursive thinking FOUR GREAT ELEMENTS fruits of monk life gradual instruction kilesa parinibba^na lofty consciousness maha^purisa vitakka one group existence red kasina exercise RIGHT UNDERSTANDING samanantara paccaya sampaticchana citta san~n~a^ vipalla^sa sattakkhattu parama SATYASIDDHI SHASTRA spiritual faculties sun~n~ata^ vimokkha superiority conceit suta maya^ pan~n~a^ TEN GREAT KING VOWS viriya sambojjhanga 阿底峡(Atisa 982~1054) 大乘经(Mahayana sutra) 寂天(Santideva 约7世纪) 六足论(Satpada sastra) 清净道论(Visuddhimagga) 说一切有部(Sarvastivada) access concentration cemetery meditations dhamma patisambhida^ ditthi nissita si^la five group existence four group existence greedy consciousness ka^mesu miccha^ca^ra MANJUSRI BODHISATTVA NIRVANA WITH RESIDUE paccavekkhana suddhi pubbeniva^sa^nussati pun~n~a^bhisankha^ra regenerating process sama^dhi parikkha^ra samvejani^ya ttha^na SA-UPADISESA-NIBBANA SIX FIELDS OF SENSES SUDDEN ENLIGHTENMENT SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA sun~n~ata^nupassana^ tanha^ nissita si^la TEN TITLES OF BUDDHA THREE ENLIGHTENMENTS ti hetu patisandhika VAST AND LONG TONGUE vivattana^nupassana^ yatha^santhatik’anga 大乘论(Mahayana sastra) 荣西(Eisai 1141~1215) 小乘论(Hinayana sastra) 源信(Genshin 942~1017) a^ka^sa^nan~ca^yatana anupa^disesa nibba^na apun~n~a^bhisankha^ra deluded consciousness DVADASHAMUKHA SHASTRA dvi hetuka patisandhi indriya samvara si^la n’eva sekha n’a^sekha nine abodes of beings ninefold dispensation nirutti patisambhida^ patipassaddhi paha^na questions and answers REALM OF FORMLESSNESS sacca^nulomika n~a^na sama^dhi sambojjhanga SIX HEAVENS OF DESIRE sota^pannassa anga^ni TEN MERITORIOUS DEEDS THREE CLASSIFICATIONS THREE PERIODS OF TIME transference of merit upekkha^ sambojjhanga visesa bha^giya si^la 朝鲜佛教(Korean Buddhism) 梵网经(Brahmajala-sutra) 觉音(Buddhaghosa 5世纪中叶) 莲花戒(Kamalasila ?~780) 世亲(Vasubandhu 约4或5世纪) 印度佛教(Indian Buddhism) 中论(Madhyamika-sastra) abhisama^ca^rika si^la bhavanga sota^, citta catu pa^risuddhi si^la citta samuttha^na rúpa desire for deliverance desireless deliverance FIVE FORMS OF DECAYING FLOWER ADORNMENT SUTRA FOUR GREAT BODHISATTVA kamma samuttha^na rúpa khidda padosika^ deva^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi orambha^giya samyojana passaddhi sambojjhanga prescribed moral rules resistance perceptions sa upa^disesa nibba^na sensitive corporeality SIXTEEN CONTEMPLATIONS substrata of existence THREE UNIVERSAL TRUTHS unshakable deliverance viparina^ma^nupassana^ 长阿含经(Dirghagama-sutra) 超戒寺(Vikramasilavihara) 楞伽经(Lankavatara-sutra) 亲鸾(Shinran 1173~1262) 缘起(pratitya-samutpada) 中国佛教(Chinese Buddhism) dasa (tatha^gata ) bala FIVE BASIC AFFLICATIONS FOUR IMMEASURABLE MINDS NIRVANA WITHOUT RESIDUE patinissagga^nupassana^ receptive consciousness retrospective knowledge sabbúpadhi patinissagga sankha^rupekkha^ n~a^na si^la sama^dhi pan~n~a^ SIX STATES OF EXISTENCE VISVABHADRA BODHISATTVA 八正道(aryastangika-marga) 成实论(Satyasiddhi-sastra) 大乘佛教(Mahayana Byddhism) 境行果(sthana-carya-phala) 日本佛教(Japanese Buddhism) a^dibrahmacariyaka si^la ANNUTARA-SAMYAK-SAMBODHI asankha^ra parinibba^yi^ bhanga^nupassana^ n~a^na clarity of consciousness corporeality perceptions ka^ma sukh’allika^nuyoga multiformity perceptions paccaya sannissita si^la paricchinna^ka^sa kasina patibha^na patisambhida^ REALM OF SENSUOUS DESIRE sacchikarani^ya^ dhamma^ uddhambha^giya samyojana verbal functions of mind 部派佛部(Sectarian Buddhism) 大日经(Mahavairocana-sutra) 寂护(Santiraksita 705~762) 戒日王(Siladitya 约590~647) 戒贤(Silabhadra 约528~651 ) 摩诃僧祇律(Mahasangha-vinaya) 尼泊尔佛教(Nepalese Buddhism) 十诵律(Sarvastivada-vinaya) 实叉难陀(Siksananda 652~710) 无量寿经(Aparimitayur-sutra) 原始佛教(primitive Buddhism) 杂阿含经(Samyuktagama-sutra) a^ji^va pa^risuddhi si^la adukkha m asukha^ vedana^ hate rooted consciousness indriyesu gutta dva^rata^ kankha^ vitarana visuddhi nibbida^nupassana^ n~a^na pa^risuddhi padha^niyanga pa^timokkha samvara si^la registering consciousness sama^dhi vippha^ra^ iddhi SAMANTABHADRA BODHISATTVA sasankha^ra parinibba^yi^ spontaneously born beings support decisive support TEN STAGES OF BODHISATTVA vanishing and reappearing VIMALAKIRTI-NIVDESA SUTRA 佛教文学(Buddhist literature) 摩诃菩提会(Maha Bodhi Society) 昙无谶(Dharmaksema 385~433) 增一阿含经(Ekottaragama-sutra) 中阿含经(Madh yamagama-sutra) a^ha^re patikkúla san~n~a^ ability to acquire insight analysis of the 4 elements dasa pun~n~a kiriya vatthu dhamma vicaya sambojjhanga functions of consciousness happy courses of existence impersonality of existence MAHA-PRAJNA-PARAMITA-SUTRA mind consciousness element paranimmita vasavatti deva parassa ceto pariya n~a^na TEN VEHICLES OF MEDITATION uddhamsota akanitthaga^mi^ 发智论(Jnanaprasthana-sastra) 俱舍论(Abhidharmakosa-sastra) 越南佛教(Vietnamese Buddhism) a^di^nava^nupassana^ n~a^na balance of mental faculties PURE LAND OF ULTIMATE BLISS yatha^ bhúta n~a^na dassana 佛教建筑(Buddhist architecture) akusala sa^dha^rana cetasika NINE STAGES OF LOTUS FLOWERS patisankha^nupassana^ n~a^na seven rebirths at the utmost SIX PERIODS OF DAY AND NIGHT udayabbaya^nupassana^ n~a^na 常乐我净(nitya-sukha-atma-subha) 大般涅槃经(Mahaparinirvana-sutra) 观无量寿经(Amitayurbhavana-sutra) 楞严经(surangama-samadhi-sutra) 菩萨戒本(Bodhisattva-pratimoksa) 乞[口*栗]双提赞Khri-Sron-Lde-bTsan 瑜伽师地论(Yogacara-bhumi-sastra) EIGHTEEN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS EVIL TIME OF FIVE TURBIDITIES THREE MEDITATIONS OF ONE MIND vuttha^na ga^mini^ vipassana^ 斯里兰卡佛教(Buddhism in Sri Lanka) 中国佛教美术(Buddhist art in China) adhipan~n~a^ dhamma vipassana^ ascetic purification practices imperturbable karma formations sabba loke anabhirati san~n~a^ VIPASYANA SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA 维摩经(Vimalakirti-nirdesa-sutra) equilibrium of mental faculties SIX DIRECTIONS OF REINCARNATION subha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi sukha san~n~a^, citta, ditthi THREE UNIVERSAL CHARACTERISTICS 村上专精(Murakami Senjo 1851~1928) 大般若经(Mahaprajna-paramita-sutra) 铃木大拙(Suzuki Daisetsu 1870~1966) 妙法莲华经(Saddharmapundarika-sutra) 中国佛教音乐(Buddhist music in China) patipada^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi 大智度论(Mahaprajna-paramita-sastra) 冢本善隆(Tsukamoto Zenryu 1898~1980) anan~n~a^tan~ n~assa^mi^t’indriya citta ja (citta samuttha^na) rúpa FOUR ASPECTS (OF BUDDHIST DHARMA) n’eva san~n~a^ n’a^san~n~a^yatana 胜鬘经(Srimala-devi simhanada-sutra) 望月信亨(Mochizuki Shinko 1869~1948) a^ha^ra ja (or-samuttha^na) - rúpa magga^magga n~a^nadassana visuddhi NIRVANA OF PURE, CLEAR SELF-NATURE 成唯识论(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-sastra) 东南亚佛教(Buddhism in South East Asia) EIGHT DIVISIONS OF GODS AND DRAGONS 高楠顺次郎(Takakusu Junjiro 1866~1945) 解深密经(Sandhinir-mokcana-vyuha-sutra) 摄大乘论(Mahayana-samuparigraha-sastra) 中国佛学院(The Chinese Buddhist Academy) 达斯,S·C·(Sarat Chandra Das 1849~1917) 大乘起信论(Maha yana-Sraddhotpada-sastra) 大毗婆沙论(Abhidharma-mahavibhasa-sastra) 欧美佛教(Buddhism in America and Europe) a^rammana^dhipati a^rammanupanissaya FIVE CATEGORIES OF UNTRANSLATED TERMS TWELVE LINKS OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION 般若波罗蜜多心经(Prajna-paramita-hrdaya-sutra) FOUR WAYS (OF LEARNING BUDDHIST DHARMA) 杂阿毗昙心论(Samyuktabhidharma-hrdaya-sastra) TEN GREAT DISCIPLES OF SKAKYAMUNI BUDDHA 金刚经(Vajracchedika-prajna-paramita-sutra) 异部宗轮论(Samayabhedo-paracanacak-ra-sastra) 华严经(Bud dhavatamsaka-mahavai pul yasutra) 三十七菩提分(saptatrimsadbodhi-paksika-dharmah) 中国佛教协会(The Buddhist Association of China) karmically wholesome, unwholesome, neutral thiti bha^giya si^la, sama^dhi, pan~n~a^ FOUR RELIANCE (TO LEARNING BUDDHIST DHARMA) 大方等大集经(Mahavai pul ya-mahasanni-pata-sutra) SPHERE OF NEITHER-PERCEPTION-NOR-NON-PERCEPTION 阿弥陀经(Sukhavati-v yuha-sutra,Amitayur-v yuha-sutra) 李斯·戴维斯,T·W·(Thomas Williams Rhys Davids 1843~1922) 唯识二十论(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-vimsa-kakarika-sastra) 唯识三十颂(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-trimsai-kakarika-sastra) 马拉拉塞克拉,G·P·(Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera 1899~1973) 国际佛教研究协会(The International Association of Buddhist Studies) sura^meraya majja ppama^dattha^na^ veramani^ sikkha^padam sama^diya^mi ▲ 收起
南传佛教英文辞典 【613】ahetu patisandhika

  s.  patisandhi.

南传佛教英文辞典 【614】asankha^rika citta

  an  Abhidhamma  term  signifying  a  ”state  of  consciousness  arisen  spontaneously”,  i.  e.  without  previous  deliberation,  preparation,  or  prompting  by  others;  hence:  ”unprepared,  unprompted”.  This  term  and  its  counterpart  (sasankha^rikacitta,  q.v.),  probably  go  back  to  a  similar  distinction  made  in  the  Suttas  (A.  IV,  171;"Path"  184).  See  Tab.  I;  examples  in  Vis.M.  XIV,  84f.

南传佛教英文辞典 【615】cycle of existence

  s.  samsara^,  vatta.

南传佛教英文辞典 【616】domanassupavica^ra

  ”indulging  in  grief”;  s.  manopavica^ra.

南传佛教英文辞典 【617】full comprehension

  parin~n~a^  (q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【618】hasituppa^da citta

  This  term  is  used  in  Abh.  S.  for  the  citta,  Tab.  I,  72.  This  type  of  consciousness  (the  Buddha”s  smile)  is  often  implied  in  the  suttas.

南传佛教英文辞典 【619】hasituppa^da citta

  lit.”consciousness  producing  mirth”  (smile),  is  found  in  the  Abhidhammattha  Sangaha  as  a  name  for  the  joyful  mind-consciousness  element  (manovin~n~a^na-dha^tu,  Tab.  I.  72)  arising  as  functional  consciousness  independent  of  karma  (kiriya-citta),  only  in  the  Arahat.  -  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【620】marana^sanna kamma

  s.  karma.

南传佛教英文辞典 【621】meritorious action

  s.  pun~n~a,  pun~n~a-kiriya-vatthu.

南传佛教英文辞典 【622】nirodha sama^patti

”attainment  of  extinction”  (S.  XIV,  11),  also  called  san~n~a^-vedayita-nirodha,  ”extinction  of  feeling  and  perception”,  is  the  temporary  suspension  of  all  consciousness  and  mental  activity,  following  immediately  upon  the  semi-conscious  state  called  ”sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception”  (s.  jha^na,  8).  The  absolutely  necessary  pre-conditions  to  its  attainment  are  said  to  be  perfect  mastery  of  all  the  8  absorptions  (jha^na),  as  well  as  the  previous  attainment  of  Ana^ga^mi  or  Arahatship  (s.  ariya-puggala).
According  to  Vis.M.  XXIII,  the  entering  into  this  state  takes  place  in  the  following  way:  by  means  of  mental  tranquillity  (samatha)  and  insight  (vipassana^)  one  has  to  pass  through  all  the  8  absorptions  one  after  the  other  up  to  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  and  then  one  has  to  bring  this  state  to  an  end.  If,  namely,  according  to  the  Vis.M.,  the  disciple  (Ana^ga^mi  or  Arahat)  passes  through  the  absorption  merely  by  means  of  tranquillity,  i.e.  concentration,  he  will  only  attain  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception,  and  then  come  to  a  standstill;  if,  on  the  other  hand,  he  proceeds  only  with  insight,  he  will  reach  the  fruition  (phala)  of  Ana^ga^mi  or  Arahatship.  He,  however,  who  by  means  of  both  faculties  has  risen  from  absorption  to  absorption  and,  having  made  the  necessary  preparations,  brings  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  to  an  end,  such  a  one  reaches  the  state  of  extinction.  Whilst  the  disciple  is  passing  through  the  8  absorptions,  he  each  time  emerges  from  the  absorption  attained,  and  regards  with  his  insight  all  the  mental  phenomena  constituting  that  special  absorption,  as  impermanent,  miserable  and  impersonal.  Then  he  again  enters  the  next  higher  absorption,  and  thus,  after  each  absorption  practising  insight,  he  at  last  reaches  the  state  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception,  and  thereafter  the  full  extinction.  This  state,  according  to  the  Com.,  may  last  for  7  days  or  even  longer.  Immediately  at  the  rising  from  this  state,  however,  there  arises  in  the  Ana^ga^mi  the  fruition  of  Ana^ga^miship  (ana^ga^mi-phala),  in  the  Arahat  the  fruition  of  Arahatship  (arahatta-phala).
With  regard  to  the  difference  existing  between  the  monk  abiding  in  this  state  of  extinction  on  the  one  hand,  and  a  dead  person  on  the  other  hand,  M  43  says:  "In  him  who  is  dead,  and  whose  life  has  come  to  an  end,  the  bodily  (in-and-outbreathing),  verbal  (thought-conception  and  discursive  thinking),  and  mental  functions  (s.  sankha^ra,  2)  have  become  suspended  and  come  to  a  standstill,  life  is  exhausted,  the  vital  heat  extinguished,  the  faculties  are  destroyed.  Also  in  the  monk  who  has  reached  ”extinction  of  perception  and  feeling”  (san~n~a^-vedayita-nirodha),  the  bodily,  verbal  and  mental  functions  have  been  suspended  and  come  to  a  standstill,  but  life  is  not  exhausted,  the  vital  heat  not  extinguished,  and  the  faculties  are  not  destroyed."
For  details,  see  Vis.M.  XXIII;  for  texts  s.  Path  206.

南传佛教英文辞典 【623】nirodha^nupassana^

  ”contemplation  of  extinction”,  is  one  of  the  18  chief  kinds  of  insight  (vipassana^  q.v.).  See  a^na^pa^nasati  (15).

南传佛教英文辞典 【624】parikamma sama^dhi

”preparatory  concentration”,  is  the  initial  and  still  undeveloped  concentration  of  mind;  s.  sama^dhi.

南传佛教英文辞典 【625】patikkúla san~n~a^

  s.  ka^yagata^-sati.

南传佛教英文辞典 【626】reflex perceptions

  s.  patigha  (2a).

南传佛教英文辞典 【627】samatha vipassana^

”tranquillity  and  insight”,  are  identical  with  concentration  (sama^dhi,  q.v.;  s.  prec.)  and  wisdom  (pan~n~a^,  q.v.),  and  form  the  two  branches  of  mental  development  (bha^vana^,  q.v.).
(1)  ”Tranquillity”  is  all  unperturbed,  peaceful  and  lucid  state  of  mind  attained  by  strong  mental  concentration.  Though  as  a  distinct  way  of  practice  (s.  samatha-ya^nika),  it  aims  at  the  attainment  of  the  meditative  absorptions  (jha^na,  q.v.),  a  high  degree  of  tranquil  concentration  (though  not  necessarily  that  of  the  absorptions)  is  indispensable  for  insight  too.  Tranquillity  frees  the  mind  from  impurities  and  inner  obstacles,  and  gives  it  greater  penetrative  strength.
””What  now  is  the  power  of  tranquillity  (samatha-bala)?  It  is  the  one-pointedness  and  non-distraction  of  the  mind  due  to  freedom  from  desire  (renunciation)  ...  to  freedom  from  ill-will  ...  to  the  perception  of  light  (s.  aloka-san~n~a^)  ...  to  non-distraction  ...  to  the  defilling  of  phenomena  ...  to  knowledge,  gladness,  the  8  attainments,  the  10  kasinas,  the  10  recollections,  the  9  cemetery  contemplations,  the  32  kinds  of  respiration-mindfulness  ...  the  one-pointedness  and  non-distraction  of  the  mind  of  one  contemplating  abandonment  (relinquishment)  while  inhaling  and  exhaling  (s.  a^na^pa^nasati).
"The  power  of  tranquillity  consists  of  the  freedom  from  perturbation;  in  the  1st  absorption,  from  the  5  hindrances  (ni^varana,  (q.v.);  in  the  2nd  absorption,  from  thought-conception  and  discursive  thinking;...  in  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  it  consists  of  the  freedom  from  perturbation  by  the  perception  of  the  sphere  of  nothingness  (s.  anupubbanirodha),  which  is  no  longer  agitated  and  irritated  by  defilements  associated  with  restlessness,  nor  by  the  groups  of  existence"  (Pts.M.  1.  p.  97)
(2)  ”Insight”  (s.  vipassana^)  is  the  penetrative  understanding  by  direct  meditative  experience  of  the  impermanency,  unsatisfactoriness  and  impersonality  of  all  material  and  mental  phenomena  of  existence.  It  is  insight  that  leads  to  entrance  into  the  supermundance  states  of  holiness  and  to  final  liberation.
””What  now  is  the  power  of  insight?  It  is  the  contemplation  of  impermanency  (anicca^nupassana^),  of  misery  (dukkhanupassana^),  impersonality”  (anatta^nupassana^),  of  aversion  (nibbidanupassana^),  detachment  (vira^ganupassana^),  extinction  (nirodha),  ahandonment  (patinissagga),  with  regard  to  corporcality,  feeling,  perception,  mental  formations  and  consciousness....  That  in  contemplating  the  impermanency  one  is  no  more  agitated  by  the  idea  of  grasping  ...  no  more  by  ignorance  and  the  defilements  associated  therewith  and  no  more  by  the  groups  of  existence:  this  is  called  the  power  of  insight"  (Pts.M.  p.  97).
"Two  things  are  conducive  to  knowledge:  tranquillity  and  insight.  If  tranquillity  is  developed,  what  profit  does  it  bring?  The  mind  is  developed.  If  the  mind  is  developed,  what  profit  does  it  bring?  All  lust  is  abandoned.
"If  insight  is  developed,  what  profit  does  it  bring?  Wisdom  is  developed.  If  wisdom  is  developed,  what  profit  does  it  bring?  All  ignorance  is  abandoned"  (A.  II,  2.7).
There  is  a  method  of  meditative  practice  where,  in  alternating  sequence,  tranquillity-meditation  and  insight-meditation  are  developed.  It  is  called  ”tranquillity  and  insight  joined  in  pairs”  (samatha-vipassana^yuganaddha),  the  coupling  or  yoking  of  tranquillity  and  insight.  He  who  undertakes  it,  first  enters  into  the  1st  absorption.  After  rising  from  it,  he  contemplates  the  mental  phenomena  that  were  present  in  it  (feeling,  perception,  etc.)  as  impermanent,  painful  and  not-self,  and  thus  he  develops  insight.  Thereupon  he  enters  into  the  2nd  absorption;  and  after  rising  from  it,  he  again  considers  its  constituent  phenomena  as  impermanent,  etc.  In  this  way,  he  passes  from  one  absorption  to  the  next,  until  at  last,  during  a  moment  of  insight,  the  intuitive  knowledge  of  the  path  (of  Stream-entry,  etc.)  flashes  forth  -  See  A.  IV,  170;  A.IX,  36;  Pts:  Yuganaddha  Katha^.

南传佛教英文辞典 【628】sampayutta paccaya

”condition  of  association”,  is  one  of  the  24  conditions  (paccaya,  q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【629】samuccheda paha^na

”overcoming  by  destruction”,  is  the  absolute  extinction  of  certain  fetters  of  existence  (samyojana,  q.v.),  which  takes  place  by  entering  into  one  of  the  4  supermundane  paths  of  holiness  (s.  ariya-puggala).  -  Regarding  the  5  kinds  of  overcoming,  s.  paha^na.

南传佛教英文辞典 【630】self mortification

  atta-kilamatha  (q.v.).

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