”yokes, bonds”, is another name for the 4 cankers (a^sava, q.v.) .
”modes of generation.” There are 4 generation from the egg, from the mother”s womb, from moisture, and spontaneous rebirth (opapa^tika, q.v.) in heaven, hell, etc. Explained in M. 12.
Zeal == 精进
see Vigor.
”hatelessness, is one of the 3 wholesome roots (múla, q.v.).
the 4 ”wrong paths”...
the 4 ”wrong paths” are:
the path of greed (chanda),
of hate,
of delusion,
of cowardice (bhaya).
"One who is freed from evil impulses is no longer liable to take the wrong path of greed, etc.”” (A.IV.17; A.IX.7).
Alaya == 阿赖耶
An abbreviation of Alaya-vijanana. Alaya is a sort of eternal substance or matter, creative and containing all forms; when considered as a whole, it is non-existent, or contains nothing; when considered phenomenal, it fills the universe. It seems to be of the nature of materialism. It is the store or totality of consciousness both absolute and relative. It is described as the fundamental mind-consciousness of conscious beings, which lays hold of all the experience of the individual life, and which stores and holds the germs of all affairs. It is the last of Eighth Consciousness from which them Wisdom of Great Round Mirror is derived.
”Deathlessness”...
(Sanskrit amrta; ? mr to die; = Gr. ambrosia): ”Deathlessness”
according to popular belief also the gods” drink conferring immortality, is a name for Nibba^na (s. Nibba^na), the final liberation from the wheel of rebirths, and therefore also from the ever-repeated deaths .
”non-delusion”, wisdom, is one of the 3 karmically wholesome roots (múla, q.v.).
s. múla.
Arana == 阿兰那
It means a place of stillness, which is to practice pure conduct and to cultivate without the attachment of self and the Four Marks.
Arhan == 阿罗汉
see Arhat and Four Fruition.
Arhat == 阿罗汉
There are two kinds of arhats, namely, the Sound-hearing arhat (Sravaka) and the Enlightened-to-condition arhat (Praetyka-Buddha). The former attains the wisdom to understand the Four Noble Truth, while the latter attains the wisdom to understand the Law of Dependent Origination or the Twelve Links of Dependent Origination. They represent two vehicles, who "comprehend for their own sake". As they pay attention to themselves and not to others, they are incapable of genuine and equal enlightenment.
There are four noble stages of fruition in the Arhat Path.
Asura == 阿修罗
It is a peculiar path in the Six Paths. In terms of material enjoyment and psychic power, it is similar to Deva. However, in some aspects, it is even worse than Human Path. The male Asura is extremely ugly and furious, and always fight with each other. The female Asura is as beautiful as an angel. They are proud of themselves, thus reluctant to learn and practice Buddhism.
”demons”, titans, evil ghosts, inhabiting one of the lower worlds (apa^ya, q.v.).
”self, ego, personality, is in Buddhism a mere conventional expression (voha^radesana^), and no designation for anything really existing; s. paramattha-desana^, anatta^, puggala, satta, ji^va.
(derivation uncertain; Sanskrit avrha) is one of the five Pure Abodes (suddha^va^sa, q.v.) in the fine-material sphere. For details, s. under Ana^ga^mi^.
The 12 of the perceptual process: a^yatana (q.v.).
living: satta (q.v.); further s. puggala. - Belief in eternal personality: bhava-ditthi (s. ditthi), sassata-ditthi (q.v.).