(４５)在所剩的短短时间里，我要提出最后一个问题：
“佛陀的遗教是什么？”
45) Now in the short time remaining I shall put the final question:
45) “What were the Buddha”s last instruction to us
”
众所皆知，遗言就是一个人临终前所交待的话。佛陀临入灭时，说出最后的遗言：“一切因缘和合法，必定败坏，大家应自精勤，不要放逸！”
所有事物只是不断地迁流，一切皆空。所有事物无常(anicca)，不停地变化，无止境地迁流，这样不断的迁流，完全无“我”、非“我所有”，大家应自精勤，不要放逸。换句话说，佛陀叮嘱我们：别傻！别对事物入迷！别认为有什么可执著！别轻率地执著任何事物，这是佛陀所说“不要放逸”的意思。我们应该要时常具足精勤！
AS EVERYONE KNOWS, a person who is about to die usually makes out a will, a set of last instructions. When the Buddha was on the point of dying, he said these last words: “All compounded things are subject to decay. Be well equipped with heedfulness!” All things are nothing but a perpetual flowing-on, that is, they are empty (of selfhood). All things are anicca, they change incessantly, they flow on endlessly. That perpetual flux is devoid of any self or of anything belonging to a self. Be vigilant and well prepared. In other words, don”t be foolish, don”t become infatuated with things, and don”t regard anything as worth grasping at and clinging to. Don”t mindlessly attach to anything. This is what he meant by heedfulness. With such heedfulness we must always be well equipped.
且看现代年轻人的问题，他们是多么轻率啊！他们认为一切事物都可爱、可取，执著于爱、执著于恨，到头来，只有使自己和他人苦恼罢了！这种人没有遵行佛陀遗言中的教导，辜负生为人身、长于佛教家庭，辜负自己是佛教徒，他们没有实践佛陀最后的期许！
Now young people are a problem. Look how completely heedless they are. They regard all sorts of things as thoroughly desirable, as worth grasping at and clinging to. Attaching to things as either desirable or hateful is ultimately a source of distress to oneself and to others. Such people are not carrying out the instructions given in the Buddha”s will. They are wasting the benefit of having been born a human being and of Buddhist parents. They are not carrying out the Buddha”s last wishes.
我们所有的人，不论老少，正面临实践佛陀遗教的处境，不要放逸、不要失念！别糊里糊涂以为事物可执、可取，要常观世间“我空”、“我所有空”。若我们的心空掉执著，贪、瞋、痴就不会生起，那么，不论做什么，都将是人类所能达到最真、最善、最美的，也就是说，所有的问题都消失、结束了，所作皆办了。
佛陀还给我们另一个最后的指示：“去！到处去！去宣扬妙法，初、中、后时法味一如。”这是叮嘱我们要去作利他的事。我喜欢把这教导诠释成佛陀嘱咐我们都去教导“无执无著”——初级的对孩童说，中级的对成年人说，高级的对即将了悟无上法的人说，此外别无可说了。
All of us, young and old, are in a position to carry out the Buddha”s last instructions. Let us not be heedless or mindless. Let us not go thoughtlessly regarding things as worth grasping at and clinging to. Let us always view the world as devoid of any self or of anything belonging to a self. Our minds will be free of grasping; lust, hatred, and delusion will not arise in them. Thus we will accomplish the highest thing which is possible for humanity. In other words, all problems will cease, and that”s all there is to it.
佛陀只教导“无执无取著”，它可以不同的层次教导小孩、中年人和老人。或者也可用另一种方式来了解：为得现世人间的利益而说法是低层次的；
为得他方世界的利益而说法是中级的；最终极的是为得超越世间的无上利益而说法。全部的教义精华可被归纳成：由于无执无著而不苦。因此空掉“我”、“我所有”而无执无著，是最重要的教诲。
The Buddha gave another final instruction: “Go forth and preach well the doctrine, splendid in its beginning, middle, and end.” I like to interpret this as enjoining us all to teach non-grasping and non-clinging on an elementary level to children, on an intermediate level to adults, and on the highest, most advanced level to those who are heading for the Supreme State and for whom nothing else matters. The Buddha taught only non-grasping, nothing more. It can be taught on different levels to children, to people of middle age, and to old people. Or it can be taken in another way. Teach Dhamma for the benefit of people living in this world, on a low level; for benefits in other worlds, at an intermediate stage; and then for the sake of the highest benefit, which transcends all worlds.
请各位好好记住一个宣说全部“法”的字——“空”(sunnata),它是佛教的核心与精髓。人因心不“空”而破戒；因心不“空”而没有禅定；因心不“空”而没有智慧。
佛陀有“空心”，“空心”正是佛陀的特性；“法”也是“空”——解“空”、行“空”、证“空”，“究竟空”即涅槃；僧伽是随佛修行以到达“空心”的一群人，佛、法、僧归纳起来就是个“空”字。
持戒是因空掉烦恼、执著，而能无执无著；当到达“空心”，没有烦恼时，就能到达圆满的定；当了悟世间一切皆空，不再有任何执著，就有了究竟的智慧。道、果、涅槃是有次第地了悟“空”直到“究竟空…
《佛陀的遗教是什么？What were the Buddha’s last instruction to us
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