..续本文上一页ger—in three circumstances (past, now and future) the practitioner irately thinks of such and such a person constantly eulogizing my rivals but at all times annoying my relatives and me. Distresses as such effect dreadful hatred in mind; the hatred further results in resentment; and, the resentment oftentimes ends up with revenge. Whenever the anger hides reasoning minds, it is called “cover.” So, due to its harmful functions, whenever recognizing it, cease it immediately. Do not let it continue on until it is too late. As the Śakro-devānāmindra, the god of the nature-gods, once asked the Buddha by saying the following verse,

　　二、弃瞋恚盖。瞋是失佛法之根本，坠恶道之因缘，法乐之冤家，善心之大贼，种种恶口之府藏。是故行者于坐禅时，思惟此人现在恼我，及恼我亲，赞叹我冤；思惟过去未来亦如是，是为九恼。故生瞋恨，瞋恨故生怨；以怨心生故，便起心恼彼。如是瞋觉覆心，故名为盖。当急弃之，无令增长。如释提婆那以偈问佛：

　　[In my mind,] what should I wipe out so that I can remain serene and happy

　　What is the root of ignorance that consumes all kinds of virtuous minds

　　[12]

　　To which the Buddha responded:

　　Destroy the anger so that you will be joyful and free!

　　Anger is the derivation of ignorance; it destroys every good.[13]

　　Therefore, in order to transform the anger and arrive at peace and harmony, one should nurture compassion and endurance.

　　何物杀安乐？何物杀无忧？

　　何物毒之根？吞灭一切善。

　　佛以偈答言：

　　杀瞋则安乐，杀瞋则无忧；

　　瞋为毒之根，瞋灭一切善。

　　如是知已，当修慈忍以灭除之，令心清净。

　　Third is to discard the cover of slothful sleep. Whenever the mind is dazed and cannot stay alert, it is in a state of drowsiness. Whenever the five functions of organ senses do not act and the body is pampered, one is in a state of lethargy. It is sleep that tears down the present and future happiness, the possibility of being reborn in heaven, and the attainment of nirvana. It is such an evil great in demolition. For other hindrances can be pulled down as soon as one is aware. But sleep like a dead is unconscious; it is thus exceedingly difficult to be removed. As once the Buddha blamed his sleepy disciples as follows:

　　三、弃睡眠盖。内心昏暗名为睡；五情闇蔽，放恣支节，委卧睡熟为眠。以是因缘，名为睡眠盖。能破今世后世实乐法心，及后世生天及涅槃乐。如是恶法，最为不善。何以故？诸余盖情，觉故可除；睡眠如死，无所觉识；以不觉故，难可除灭。如佛诸菩萨诃睡眠弟子偈曰：

　　Wake up!

　　Do not embrace your stinking body in your bed,

　　Fulfilled with filths, it is unclean!

　　Ask yourself: if there were a very sick person,

　　Or a badly wounded person struck by arrows,

　　Assembled all sorts of sorrows and pains, could such a person sleep

　　If there were a guilty man tied up heading for a guillotine,

　　Facing such a terrible disaster, would he sleep

　　Knotted and tied in the bondage of the passions, it is as living

　　In a house with vipers, or being placed in

　　Between two sharp swords, then, can one sleep

　　Sleep is the darkness that makes one have eyes but see not;

　　Sleep deprives many people of the most elementary clearness.

　　Thus, be awake at all times![14]

　　汝起勿抱臭尸卧，种种不净假名人，

　　如得重病箭入体，诸苦痛集安可眠？

　　如人被缚将去杀，灾害垂至安可眠？

　　结贼不灭害未除，如共毒蛇同室居；

　　亦如临阵两刃间，尔时云何安可眠？

　　眠为大暗无所见，日日欺诳夺人明；

　　以眠覆心无所见，如是大失安可眠？

　　Since sleep has such disadvantages, I therefore encourage you all to overcome your sleepy mind, to shorten your hours of rest, and to be alert that life is short and impermanent. Do not idle away the hours sleeping in a bed, but let your mind be awake at all times. If you cannot do it, then ask someone else to wake you up by using a Chanzhang禅杖.[15]

　　如是等种种因缘，诃睡眠盖。警觉无常，减损睡眠，令无昏覆。若昏睡心重，当用禅镇杖却之。

　　Fourth is to cast away the cover of unsettledness and lamentation. Unsettledness displays in three respects: body, mouth, and mind. Frequently, the unsettledness of body does not allow a meditator to sit still in any position, but constantly participate in time-killing wandering or pleasure of theatricals [which is forbidden to a monk or nun]. The unsettledness of mouth lets a meditator fall into an abyss of frivolous discourse, meaningless sophistry, and worldly chanting. And, the unsettledness of mind lets a meditator lose co…

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