..续本文上一页sambuddhas having attained Nirvana have eliminated all the faults to be eliminated and are completely pure, while the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas have a remainder of faults and are not completely pure.

　　"Lord, what is called ”Nirvana” is a means belonging to the Tathagatas. A reason is that only the Tathagata-Arhat-Samyaksambuddhas have indeed attained Nirvana, while the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas are far away from the Nirvana realm.

　　"Lord, concerning the Arhats” and Pratyekabuddhas” realizing their liberation and gaining the four knowledges, thus reaching the stage of arrested breath, the deep purport of the Lord analyzes and explains that as ”attended with remainder” and ”not final meaning.” Why is that

　　 Because there are two kinds of passing away -- [the ordinary] discontinuous passing away and the passing away which is the inconceivable transference. The discontinuous passing away belongs to the sentient beings who have reconnection (pratisamdhi) [with sense organs]. The passing away which is the inconceivable transference belongs to the bodies made of mind (manomaya-kaya) of Arhats, Pratyekabuddhas, and Bodhisattva great beings who have attained power, up to their reaching the terrace of enlightenment.

　　["Attended with Remainder" and "Not Final Meaning"]

　　"Lord, among those two kinds of passing away, it is the knowledge of having gained control over the discontinuous passing away that occurs to the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas, and they think, ”My births are finished.” Having accordingly resorted to a direct realization of the fruit attended with remainder, the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas think, "It was my reliance on the pure life (brahmacarya).” Having resorted to eliminating all the defilements accompanying the activities of immature ordinary persons as well as of gods and men, and all the defilements accompanying the reconnections of the seven classes of trainees, which they had not previously accomplished, the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas think, ”The duty is accomplished.”

　　"Lord, they think, ”There is nothing to be known beyond this.” It is because the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas have gained control over the defilements to be eliminated by the Arhat as well as control over the reconnections in samsara, that it occurs to them, ”There is nothing to be known beyond this.” However, the person who thinks, ”There is nothing to be known beyond this,” has neither eliminated all defilements nor avoided all rebirth. Why is that

　　 Because, Lord, in the Arhats and Pratyekabuddhas there are still uneliminated defilements as well as rebirth defilements that have not been searched out.

　　"Those defilements are of two kinds, static defilements and mobile defilements. The static kinds are of four varieties: (1) the static kind based in a particular viewpoint; (2) the static kind in attraction to desire; (3) the static kind in attraction to form; (4) the static kind in attraction to [mundane] gestation. The four static defilements generate all the mobile defilements. The mobile ones are momentary, to wit, a moment of consciousness and its associate (a dharma).

　　"Lord, the nescience entrenchment which has existed from beginingless time is unconscious. The great power among those four static kinds is the substratum of all the secondary defilements, but those four cannot bear comparison with the great power of the nescience entrenchment in terms of magnitude, portion, count, example, or cause. That being the case, the nescience entrenchment is the greatest power; it is also called ”static kind in attraction to [supramundane] gestation.” For example, the sinful Maras belong to the Paranirmitavasavartin class of gods; still they surpass those gods in shape, color, radiance, power, retinue, and lordliness. In the same way, this nescience entren…

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