..續本文上一頁onstitute species are for them, and (their) species are manifold. (603)

　　 11. ”Know ye also the serpents, the long-backed snakes, the marks that constitute species are for them, and (their) species are manifold. (604)

　　 12. ”Then know ye also the fish which range in the water, the marks that constitute species are for them, and (their) species are manifold. (605)

　　 13. ”Then know ye also the birds that are borne along on wings and move through the air, the marks that constitute species are for them, and (their) species are manifold. (606)

　　 14. ”As in these species the marks that constitute species are abundant, so in men the marks that constitute species are not abundant. (607)

　　 15. ”Not as regards their hair, head, ears, eyes, mouth, nose, lips, or brows, (608)

　　 16. ”Nor as regards their neck, shoulders, belly, back, hip, breast, female organ, sexual intercourse, (609)

　　p. 112

　　 17. ”Nor as regards their hands, feet, palms, nails, calves, thighs, colour, or voice are there marks that constitute species as in other species. (610)

　　 18. ”Difference there is in beings endowed with bodies, but amongst men this is not the case, the difference amongst men is nominal (only)[1]. (611)

　　 19. ”For whoever amongst men lives by cowkeeping,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a husbandman, not a Brâmana.” (612)

　　 20. ”And whoever amongst men lives by different mechanical arts,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is an artisan, not a Brâmana. (613)

　　 21. ”And whoever amongst men lives by trade,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a merchant, not a Brâmana. (614)

　　 22. And whoever amongst men lives by serving others,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a servant, not a Brâhmana. (615)

　　 23. ”And whoever amongst men lives by theft,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a thief, not a Brâhmana. (616)

　　 24. ”And whoever amongst men lives by archery,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a soldier, not a Brâmana. (617)

　　 25. ”And whoever amongst men lives by performing household ceremonials,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a sacrificer, not a Brâmana. (618)

　　 26. ”And whoever amongst men possesses villages and countries,--know this, O Vâsettha,--he is a king, not a Brâmana. (619)

　　[1. Pakkattam sasarîresu,

　　 Manussesv-etam na viggati,

　　 Vokârañ ka manussesu

　　 Samaññâya pavukkati.]

　　p. 113

　　 27. ”And I do not call one a Brâmana on account of his birth or of his origin from (a particular) mother; he may be called bhovâdi, and he may be wealthy, (but) the one who is possessed of nothing and seizes upon nothing, him I call a Brâhmana[1]. (620)

　　 28. ”Whosoever, after cutting all bonds, does not tremble, has shaken off (all) ties and is liberated, him I call a Brâmana. (621)

　　 29. ”The man who, after cutting the strap (i.e. enmity), the thong (i.e. attachment), and the rope (i.e. scepticism) with all that pertains to it, has destroyed (all) obstacles (i.e. ignorance), the enlightened (buddha), him I call a Brâmana. (622)

　　 30. ”Whosoever, being innocent, endures reproach, blows, and bonds, the man who is strong in (his) endurance and has for his army this strength, him I call a Brâmana. (623)

　　 31. ”The man who is free from anger, endowed with (holy) works, virtuous, without desire, subdued, and wearing the last body, him I call a Brâhmana. (624)

　　 32. ”The man who, like water on a lotus leaf, or a mustard seed on the point of a needle, does not cling to sensual pleasures, him I call a Brâhmana. (625)

　　 33. ”The man who knows in this world the destruction of his pain, who has laid aside (his) burden, and is liberated, him I call a Brâmana. (626)

　　 …

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