kasina, white-k., wind-k.: s. kasina.
anatta == 无我
and arahatta magga, phala: s. ariya-puggala.
”the unworried”, is the name of a class of deities (s. deva,) inhabiting the first of the five Pure Abodes (suddha^va^sa, q.v.), in which the Ana^ga^mi^ (q.v.) has his last rebirth.
knowing the measure in bhojane mattan~n~uta^ (q.v.).
Jataka == 本生经
the sutra to narrate the birth stories of Shakyamuni in present life, past lives, and effects related to the past lives and the present lives.
Matter == 色
Or Form or Thing. The Sanskrit word is Rupa. It is defined as that which has resistence, or which changes and disappear, i.e., the phenomenal. There are inner and outer forms representing the organs and objects of sense respectively.
Rupa is one of the Six Bahya-ayatanna or Six Gunas and also one of the Five Skandhas.
(corporeality): s. khandha, rúpa-kala^pa.
”happy course of existence”; s. gati.
as a general term for the 5 sense-organs (cakkhu-vatthu, etc ) is frequent in the Com., and often used together with a^rammana (object). This usage, however, is already indicated in the Abh. Canon: ”Cakkhum p”etam... vatthum p”etam” (Dhs. § 597; Vibh., p.71, PTS): ”cakkhuvin~n~a^nassa vatthu” (Dhs. §§ 679ff.).
”physical base”, i.e. the 6 physical organs on which the mental process is based, are the 5 physical sense-organs and, according to the Com., the heart (hadaya-vatthu, q.v.) as the 6th. This 6th vatthu must not be confounded with the 6th a^yatana, which is a collective name for all consciousness whatever. - (App.).
the 3 ”abstentions” or abstinences, are: abstention from wrong speech, wrong (bodily) action and wrong livelihood; corresponding to right speech, action and livelihood of the 8-fold Path (s. magga, 3-5). By abstention is not simply meant the non-occurrence of the evil things in question, but the deliberate abstaining therefrom, whenever occasion arises. They belong to the ”secondary” (not constant) mental concomitants obtaining in lofty consciousness (s. Tab. II). Cf. si^la.
”not-self”, non-ego, egolessness, impersonality, ...
is the last of the three characteristics of existence (ti-lakkhana, q.v.) The anatta^ doctrine teaches that neither within the bodily and mental phenomena of existence, nor outside of them, can be found anything that in the ultimate sense could be regarded as a self-existing real ego-entity, soul or any other abiding substance.
This is the central doctrine of Buddhism, without understanding which a real knowledge of Buddhism is altogether impossible. It is the only really specific Buddhist doctrine, with which the entire Structure of the Buddhist teaching stands or falls. All the remaining Buddhist doctrines may, more or less, be found in other philosophic systems and religions, but the anatta^-doctrine has been clearly and unreservedly taught only by the Buddha, wherefore the Buddha is known as the anatta^-va^di, or ”Teacher of Impersonality”.
Whosoever has not penetrated this impersonality of all existence, and does not comprehend that in reality there exists only this continually self-consuming process of arising and passing bodily and mental phenomena, and that there is no separate ego-entity within or without this process, he will not be able to understand Buddhism, i.e. the teaching of the 4 Noble Truths (sacca, q.v.), in the right light. He will think that it is his ego, his personality, that experiences suffering, his personality that performs good and evil actions and will be reborn according to these actions, his personality that will enter into Nibba^na, his personality that walks on the Eightfold Path. Thus it is said in Vis.M. XVI:
"Mere suffering exists, no sufferer is found;
The deeds are, but no doer of the deeds is there;
Nibba^na is, but not the man that enters it;
The path is, but no traveler on it is seen."
"Whosoever is not clear with regard to the conditionally arisen phenomena, and does not comprehend that all the actions are conditioned through ignorance, etc., he thinks that it is an ego that understands or does not understand, that acts or causes to act, that comes to existence at rebirth .... that has the sense-impression, that feels, desires, becomes attached, continues and at rebirth again enters a new existence" (Vis.M. XVII. 117).
While in the case of the first two characteristics it is stated that all formations (sabbe sankha^ra^) are impermanent and subject to suffering, the corresponding text for the third characteristic states that "all things are not-self" (sabbe dhamma^ anatta^; M. 35, Dhp. 279). This is for emphasizing that the false view of an abiding self or substance is neither applicable to any ”formation” or conditioned phenomenon, nor to Nibba^na, the Unconditioned Element (asankhata^ dha^tu).
The Anatta^-lakkhana Sutta, the ”Discourse on the Characteristic of Not-self”, was the second discourse after Enlightenment, preached by the Buddha to his first five disciples, who after hearing it attained to perfect Holiness (arahatta).
The contemplation of not-self (anatta^nupassana^) leads to the emptiness liberation (sun~n~ata^-vimokkha, s. vimokkha). Herein the faculty of wisdom (pan~n~indriya) is outstanding, and one who attains in that way the path of Stream-entry is called a Dhamma-devotee (dhamma^nusa^ri; s. ariya-puggala); at the next two stages of sainthood he becomes a vision-attainer (ditthippatta); and at the highest stage, i.e. Holiness, he is called ”liberated by wisdom” (pan~n~a^-vimutta).
For further details, see paramattha-sacca, paticca-samuppa^da, khandha, ti-lakkhana, na^ma-rúpa, patisandhi.
Literature: Anatta^-lakkhana Sutta, Vinaya I, 13-14; S.22. 59; tr. in Three Cardinal Discourses of the Buddha (WHEEL 17). -
Another important text on Anatta^ is the Discourse on the Snake Simile (Alagaddúpama Sutta, M. 22; tr. in WHEEL 48/49) .
Other texts in "Path". - Further: Anatta^ and Nibba^na, by Nyanaponika Thera (WHEEL 11);
The Truth of Anatta^, by Dr. G. P. Malalasekera (WHEEL 94);
The Three Basic Facts of Existence III: Egolessness (WHEEL 202/204)
the: sankhata (q.v.).
”woeful course” (of existence); s. gati.
one, the: gotrabhú (q.v.).
up robes, the practice of wearing: is one of the ascetic rules of purification (dhutanga, q.v.).
- 1. In an ethical sense, it means: ”repugnance”, grudge, resentment, anger, and is a synonym of vya^pa^da, ”ill-will” (s. ni^varana) and dosa, ”hate” (s. múla). It is one of the proclivities (anusaya, q.v.).
2.”(Sense-) reaction”. Applied to five-sense cognition, p. occurs in the following contexts:
(a) as patigha-san~n~a^, ”perception of sense-reaction”, said to be absent in the immaterial absorptions (s. jha^na 5). Alternative renderings: resistance-perception, reflex-perception;
(b) as patigha-samphassa, ”(mental) impression caused by 5fold sensorial reaction” (D. 15); s. phassa;
(c) as sappatigha-rúpa, ”reacting corporeality”, and appatigha, ”not reacting”, which is an Abhidhammic classification of corporeality, occurring in Dhs. 659, 1050. Sappatigha are called the physical sense-organs as reacting (or responding) to sense stimuli; and also the physical sense-objects as impinging (or making an impact) on the sense-organs. All other corporeality is appatigha, non-reacting and non-impinging. These 2 terms have been variously rendered as resistant and not, responding and not, with and without impact.