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佛教词典在线查询

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南传佛教英文辞典 【1】mirth

  (in  the  Arahat):  s.  hasituppa^da-citta.

南传佛教英文辞典 【2】iriya^

  patha  (lit.”ways  of  movement”):  ”bodily  postures”,  i.e.  going,  standing,  sitting,  lying.  In  the  Satipattha^na-sutta  (s.  satipattha^na),  they  form  the  subject  of  a  contemplation  and  an  exercise  in  mindfulness.
"While  going,  standing,  sitting  or  lying  down,  the  monk  knows  ”I  go”,  ”I  stand”,  ”I  sit”,  ”I  lie  down”;  he  understands  any  position  of  the  body."  -  "The  disciple  understands  that  there  is  no  living  being,  no  real  ego,  that  goes,  stands,  etc.,  but  that  it  is  by  a  mere  figure  of  speech  that  one  says:  ”I  go”,  ”I  stand”,  and  so  forth."  (Com.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【3】kiriya

  (or  kriya)-citta:  ”functional  consciousness”  or  ”karmically  inoperative  consciousness”,  is  a  name  for  such  states  of  consciousness  as  are  neither  karmically  wholesome  (kusala),  nor  unwholesome  (akusala),  nor  karma-results  (vipa^ka);  that  is,  they  function  independently  of  karma.  Thus  are  also  called  all  those  worldly  mental  states  in  the  Arahat  which  are  accompanied  by  2  or  3  noble  roots  (greedlessness,  hatelessness,  undeludedness),  being  in  the  Arahat  karmically  neutral  and  corresponding  to  the  karmically  wholesome  states  of  a  non-Arahat  (s.  Tab.  1-8  and  73-89),  as  well  as  the  rootless  mirth-producing  (hasituppa^da)  mind-consciousness-element  of  the  Arahat  (Tab.  72);  further,  that  mind-element  (mano-dha^tu)  which  performs  the  function  of  advertence  (a^vajjana)  to  the  sense  object  (Tab.  70),  and  that  mind-consciousness-element  (manovin~n~a^na-dha^tu)  which  performs  the  functions  of  deciding  (votthapana)  and  advertence  to  the  mental  object  (Tab.  71).  The  last-named  2  elements,  of  course,  occur  in  all  beings.
Together  with  karma-resultant  consciousness  (vipa^ka)  it  belongs  to  the  group  of  ”karmically  neutral  consciousness”  (avya^kata).  See  Tab.  I  (last  column).  -  (App.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【4】kiriya

  (kiriya^,  kriya^)  citta  is  a  term  first  used  in  the  Abh.  Canon  (e.g.  Dhs.  §§  566-582).  It  has  an  important  place  in  post-canonical  Abh.  literature,  e.g.  Vis.M.  XIV.

南传佛教英文辞典 【5】niraya

  lit.”the  downward-path”,  the  nether  or  infernal  world,  usually  translated  by  ”hell”,  is  one  of  the  4  lower  courses  of  existence  (apa^ya,  q.v.).  The  Buddhists  are  well  aware  that  on  account  of  the  universal  sway  of  impermanence  a  life  in  hell,  just  as  in  heaven,  cannot  last  eternally,  but  will  after  exhaustion  of  the  karma  which  has  caused  the  respective  form  of  rebirth,  necessarily  be  followed  again  by  a  new  death  and  a  new  rebirth,  according  to  the  stored-up  karma.

南传佛教英文辞典 【6】virati

  the  3  ”abstentions”  or  abstinences,  are:  abstention  from  wrong  speech,  wrong  (bodily)  action  and  wrong  livelihood;  corresponding  to  right  speech,  action  and  livelihood  of  the  8-fold  Path  (s.  magga,  3-5).  By  abstention  is  not  simply  meant  the  non-occurrence  of  the  evil  things  in  question,  but  the  deliberate  abstaining  therefrom,  whenever  occasion  arises.  They  belong  to  the  ”secondary”  (not  constant)  mental  concomitants  obtaining  in  lofty  consciousness  (s.  Tab.  II).  Cf.  si^la.

南传佛教英文辞典 【7】viriya

  ”energy”,  lit.”virility”,  ”manliness”  or  ”heroism”  (from  vi^ra,  man,  hero;  Lat.  vir;  cf.  virtus),  is  one  of  the  5  spiritual  faculties  and  powers  (s.  bala),  one  of  the  7  factors  of  enlightenment  (s.  bojjhanga)  and  identical  with  right  effort  of  the  8-fold  Path  (s.  magga).  For  further  explanations,  s.  padha^na.

南传佛教英文辞典 【8】virtue

  s.  si^la.

南传佛教英文辞典 【9】miracle

  s.  pa^tiha^riya.

南传佛教英文辞典 【10】nirodha

  ”extinction”;  s.  nirodha-sama^patti,  anupubba-nirodha.

英汉对照词典 【11】NIRVANA

Nirvana  ==  涅槃

Nirvana  is  a  Sanskrit  word  which  is  originally  translated  as  "perfect  stillness".  It  has  many  other  meanings,  such  as  liberation,  eternal  bliss,  tranquil  extinction,  extinction  of  individual  existence,  unconditioned,  no  rebirth,  calm  joy,  etc.  It  is  usually  described  as  transmigration  to  "extinction",  but  the  meaning  given  to  "extinction"  varies.
There  are  four  kinds  of  Nirvana:  
1.Nirvana  of  pure,  clear  self-nature  
2.Nirvana  with  residue  
3.Nirvana  without  residue  
4.Nirvana  of  no  dwelling

南传佛教英文辞典 【12】nirvana

  (Sanskrit=  )  Nibba^na  (q.v.).

南传佛教英文辞典 【13】rebirth

  s.  patisandhi,  paticcasamuppa^da  (3,10),  karma,  punabbhava.

南传佛教英文辞典 【14】vira^ga

  ”fading  away”,  detachment;  absence  of  lust,  dispassionateness.  Appears  frequently  together  with  nirodha,  ”cessation”  (1)  as  a  name  for  Nibba^na,  (2)  in  the  contemplations  (a)  forming  the  4th  tetrad  in  the  exercises  in  mindfulness  of  breathing  (s.  a^na^pa^nasati  14),  (b)  of  the  18  principal  insights  (No.  5);  s.  vipassana^.
According  to  Com.,  it  may  mean  (1)  the  momentary  destruction  of  phenomena,  or  (2)  the  ultimate  ”fading  away”,  i.e.  Nibba^na.  In  the  aforementioned  two  contemplations,  it  means  the  understanding  of  both,  and  the  path  attained  by  such  understanding.

南传佛教英文辞典 【15】acquired

  image  (during  concentration):  s.  nimitta,  sama^dhi,  kasina.

南传佛教英文辞典 【16】virility

  s.  bha^va.

英汉对照词典 【17】PARINIRVANA

Parinirvana  ==  圆寂

Not  death,  but  perfect  rest,  i.e.  the  perfection  of  all  virtues  and  the  elimination  of  all  evils..  Also  a  release  from  the  suffering  of  transmigration  and  an  entry  to  a  state  of  fullest  joy.

中国百科全书 【18】涅槃(Nirvana)

  Niepan

  佛教教义。又译作泥日、泥洹、涅槃那。意译为灭、灭度、寂灭、安乐、无为、不生、解脱、圆寂。涅槃原意是火的息灭或风的吹散状态。佛教产生以前就有这个概念;佛教用以作为修习所要达到的最高理想境界。含义多种:息除烦恼业因,灭掉生死苦果,生死因果都灭,而人得度,故称灭或灭度;众生流转生死,皆由烦恼业因,若息灭了烦恼业因,则生死苦果自息,名为寂灭或解脱;永不再受三界生死轮回,故名不生;惑无不尽,德无不圆,故又称圆寂;达到安乐无为,解脱自在的境界,称为涅槃。《大乘起信论》称:“以无明灭故,心无有起;以无起故,境界随灭;以因缘俱灭故,心相皆尽,名得涅槃。”佛教大小乘对涅槃有不同的说法。一般分有余涅槃和无余涅槃两种。一个修行者证得阿罗汉果,这时业报之因已尽,但还有业报身心的存在,故称有余涅槃;及至身心果报也不存在,称无余涅槃。据《肇论》介绍:小乘以“灰身灭智,捐形绝虑”为涅槃,是为有余涅槃;《中论》等则以“诸法实相”为涅槃,是为无余涅槃。大乘还分性净涅槃和方便净涅槃两种。本有的法身,名性净涅槃,即真如法性,亦称性德涅槃;假六度缘修,本有法身显现,名方便净涅槃,亦称修得涅槃。法相宗综合了大小乘涅槃学说立四种涅槃:①自性清净涅槃。虽有客尘烦恼,而自性清净,湛如虚空;②有余依涅槃。断尽烦恼障所显之真如;③无余依涅槃。出生死苦之真如;④无住处涅槃。断所知障所显之真如,此依佛的三身而说,有法身故不住生死,有应化身故不住涅槃,名为无住涅槃。大乘佛教认为涅槃具有常乐我净四种德性或常、恒、安、清凉、不老、不死、无垢、快乐八种德性。(刘峰)

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