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南传佛教英文辞典 【1】nirodha sama^patti

”attainment  of  extinction”  (S.  XIV,  11),  also  called  san~n~a^-vedayita-nirodha,  ”extinction  of  feeling  and  perception”,  is  the  temporary  suspension  of  all  consciousness  and  mental  activity,  following  immediately  upon  the  semi-conscious  state  called  ”sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception”  (s.  jha^na,  8).  The  absolutely  necessary  pre-conditions  to  its  attainment  are  said  to  be  perfect  mastery  of  all  the  8  absorptions  (jha^na),  as  well  as  the  previous  attainment  of  Ana^ga^mi  or  Arahatship  (s.  ariya-puggala).
According  to  Vis.M.  XXIII,  the  entering  into  this  state  takes  place  in  the  following  way:  by  means  of  mental  tranquillity  (samatha)  and  insight  (vipassana^)  one  has  to  pass  through  all  the  8  absorptions  one  after  the  other  up  to  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  and  then  one  has  to  bring  this  state  to  an  end.  If,  namely,  according  to  the  Vis.M.,  the  disciple  (Ana^ga^mi  or  Arahat)  passes  through  the  absorption  merely  by  means  of  tranquillity,  i.e.  concentration,  he  will  only  attain  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception,  and  then  come  to  a  standstill;  if,  on  the  other  hand,  he  proceeds  only  with  insight,  he  will  reach  the  fruition  (phala)  of  Ana^ga^mi  or  Arahatship.  He,  however,  who  by  means  of  both  faculties  has  risen  from  absorption  to  absorption  and,  having  made  the  necessary  preparations,  brings  the  sphere  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception  to  an  end,  such  a  one  reaches  the  state  of  extinction.  Whilst  the  disciple  is  passing  through  the  8  absorptions,  he  each  time  emerges  from  the  absorption  attained,  and  regards  with  his  insight  all  the  mental  phenomena  constituting  that  special  absorption,  as  impermanent,  miserable  and  impersonal.  Then  he  again  enters  the  next  higher  absorption,  and  thus,  after  each  absorption  practising  insight,  he  at  last  reaches  the  state  of  neither-perception-nor-non-perception,  and  thereafter  the  full  extinction.  This  state,  according  to  the  Com.,  may  last  for  7  days  or  even  longer.  Immediately  at  the  rising  from  this  state,  however,  there  arises  in  the  Ana^ga^mi  the  fruition  of  Ana^ga^miship  (ana^ga^mi-phala),  in  the  Arahat  the  fruition  of  Arahatship  (arahatta-phala).
With  regard  to  the  difference  existing  between  the  monk  abiding  in  this  state  of  extinction  on  the  one  hand,  and  a  dead  person  on  the  other  hand,  M  43  says:  "In  him  who  is  dead,  and  whose  life  has  come  to  an  end,  the  bodily  (in-and-outbreathing),  verbal  (thought-conception  and  discursive  thinking),  and  mental  functions  (s.  sankha^ra,  2)  have  become  suspended  and  come  to  a  standstill,  life  is  exhausted,  the  vital  heat  extinguished,  the  faculties  are  destroyed.  Also  in  the  monk  who  has  reached  ”extinction  of  perception  and  feeling”  (san~n~a^-vedayita-nirodha),  the  bodily,  verbal  and  mental  functions  have  been  suspended  and  come  to  a  standstill,  but  life  is  not  exhausted,  the  vital  heat  not  extinguished,  and  the  faculties  are  not  destroyed."
For  details,  see  Vis.M.  XXIII;  for  texts  s.  Path  206.

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