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atta catu gati hate meat path sati agati amata ARHAT atta^ death great satta vatta water ANATTA Arahat atappa eating JATAKA MATTER matter sugati vatthu virati anatta^ created duggati matured patched patigha samatha sassata vipatti vivatta a^yatana anussati atima^na dogmatic fatalism KSATRIYA nibbatti PATIENCE patience sammatta sankhata tathata^ ujukata^ uposatha 谛(satya) 慧 (Mati) asankhata attention avya^kata breathing deviation dukkhata^ formation immediate mahaggata micchatta pariyatti patipada^ patipatti pativedha SENSATION SIX PATHS ti ratana aberration aggregates BODHISATTA Bodhisatta foundation generation intimation liberation MAHASATTVA MEDITATION meditation paramattha patisandhi pattida^na sama^patti si^labbata sota^patti ta^vatimsa tatha^gata TWO DEATHS vin~n~atti wrong path ANAPANASATI appicchata^ association attachments attainments BODHISATTVA foundations infatuation inoperative kamma patha kamma vatta mana^yatana MIDDLE PATH middle path origination patipannaka patti da^na penetration preparatory realization rúpa^yatana sala^yatana si^vathika^ temperature vavattha^na 无我(anatman) 真如(tathata) abhinibbatti accumulation dispensation dissociation hate natured heat element inclinations intoxicating kammattha^na pakati si^la patisandhika purification RENUNCIATION vatthu ka^ma 三界(tridhatu) Abbreviations anatta^ va^da attentiveness atthi paccaya concentration CONTEMPLATION contemplation deathlessness determination dhamma^yatana ditthi ppatta hadaya vatthu investigating investigation kamman~n~ata^ kammattha^na^ loathsomeness material food nimma^na rati pa^gun~n~ata^ patisambhida^ patisankha^na satipattha^na tittha^yatana vivatta kappa water element abhibha^yatana asan~n~a satta atta kilamatha buddha^nussati citt’ekaggata^ devata^nussati dhamma^nussati EIGHTFOLD PATH eightfold path greedy natured katatta^ kamma marana^nussati natthi paccaya niyata puggala path condition relative truth samvatta kappa samvega vatthu sangaha vatthu stupid natured transformation ugghatitan~n~u upapatti bhava vigata paccaya 二谛(twi-satyas) 三谛(tri-satyas) a^na^pa^na sati avigata paccaya cakkh’ a^yatana deluded natured EIGHT NEGATIONS FOUR GREAT VOWS gustatory organ indriya samatta natthika ditthi pathavi^ dha^tu pathavi^ kasina PRATYEKA-BUDDHA samatha ya^nika sappatigha rúpa SHATIKA SHASTRA sota^pattiyanga tatha^gata bala tranquilisation upasama^nussati 百论(Sata-sastra) 法界(dharmadhatu) 极乐世界(sukhavati) adhipati paccaya anatta^ san~n~a^ atthangika magga AVATAMSAKA SUTRA dukkha patipada^ faithful natured immaterial world ka^ya gata^ sati ka^ya vin~n~atti karma formations life infatuation mental formation natural morality nava satta^va^sa neyyattha dhamma ni^tattha dhamma THREE EVIL PATHS THREE GOOD PATHS vaci^ vin~n~atti 四谛(catur-satyas) 吴哥古迹(Angkor Vat) a^nupubbi^ katha^ anatta^nupassana^ cittass’ekaggata^ immaterial sphere kusala kammapatha na^natta san~n~a^ pakati upanissaya pan~n~atti si^la paticcasamuppa^da patta pindik’anga santa^na santati sati sambojjhanga sati sampajan~n~a satta^va^sa nava tatramajjhattata^ youth infatuation ahetu patisandhika atta va^dupa^da^na catu voka^ra bhava dha^tu vavattha^na health infatuation karma accumulation maturity knowledge nirodha sama^patti patibha^ga nimitta patikkúla san~n~a^ regenerative karma ruminating natured samatha vipassana^ self mortification tatra majjhattata^ tiraccha^na katha^ TWO FORMS OF DEATH 四大(caturmahabhuta) anabhirati san~n~a^ attha patisambhida^ death consciousness FOUR GREAT ELEMENTS intelligent natured majjhima^ patipada^ RIGHT CONCENTRATION sampaticchana citta sattakkhattu parama SATYASIDDHI SHASTRA sun~n~ata^ vimokkha TEN GREAT KING VOWS upatthambhaka kamma 阿底峡(Atisa 982~1054) 六足论(Satpada sastra) a^kin~can~n~a^yatana access concentration adaptation knowledge cemetery meditations dhamma patisambhida^ MANJUSRI BODHISATTVA niyata miccha^ditthi pubbeniva^sa^nussati regenerating process SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA sun~n~ata^nupassana^ ti hetu patisandhika vivattana^nupassana^ yatha^santhatik’anga 中道(madhyamapratipad) a^ka^sa^nan~ca^yatana bhojane mattan~n~uta^ death proximate karma dependent origination dvi hetuka patisandhi germinating once more ninefold dispensation nirutti patisambhida^ patipassaddhi paha^na pun~n~a kiriya vatthu THREE CLASSIFICATIONS ubhato bha^ga vimutta vin~n~a^nan~ca^yatana catu pa^risuddhi si^la FOUR GREAT BODHISATTVA SIXTEEN CONTEMPLATIONS substrata of existence yatha^kammúpaga n~a^na 楞伽经(Lankavatara-sutra) 缘起(pratitya-samutpada) bhayatupattha^na n~a^na catu dha^tu vavattha^na dasa (tatha^gata ) bala FIVE BASIC AFFLICATIONS muccitu kamyata^ n~a^na patinissagga^nupassana^ sabbúpadhi patinissagga SIX STATES OF EXISTENCE VISVABHADRA BODHISATTVA 成实论(Satyasiddhi-sastra) 佛性(buddhata, buddhatva) attainment concentration patibha^na patisambhida^ reflecting contemplation hate rooted consciousness indriyesu gutta dva^rata^ SAMANTABHADRA BODHISATTVA TEN STAGES OF BODHISATTVA 佛教文学(Buddhist literature) a^ha^re patikkúla san~n~a^ dasa pun~n~a kiriya vatthu khalu paccha^ bhattik’anga paranimmita vasavatti deva TEN VEHICLES OF MEDITATION neighbourhood concentration origination of corporeality PURE LAND OF ULTIMATE BLISS yatha^ bhúta n~a^na dassana LAW OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION patisankha^nupassana^ n~a^na seven rebirths at the utmost 常乐我净(nitya-sukha-atma-subha) 菩萨戒本(Bodhisattva-pratimoksa) THREE MEDITATIONS OF ONE MIND ascetic purification practices imperturbable karma formations sabba loke anabhirati san~n~a^ VIPASYANA SUKHAVATIVYUHA SUTRA lahuta^ muduta^, kamman~n~ata^ pariyatti patipatti, pativedha SIX DIRECTIONS OF REINCARNATION patipada^ n~a^nadassana visuddhi n’eva san~n~a^ n’a^san~n~a^yatana NIRVANA OF PURE, CLEAR SELF-NATURE 成唯识论(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-sastra) 达斯,S·C·(Sarat Chandra Das 1849~1917) a^rammana^dhipati a^rammanupanissaya FIVE CATEGORIES OF UNTRANSLATED TERMS TWELVE LINKS OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION TEN GREAT DISCIPLES OF SKAKYAMUNI BUDDHA 华严经(Bud dhavatamsaka-mahavai pul yasutra) 三十七菩提分(saptatrimsadbodhi-paksika-dharmah) 中国佛教协会(The Buddhist Association of China) 大方等大集经(Mahavai pul ya-mahasanni-pata-sutra) 阿弥陀经(Sukhavati-v yuha-sutra,Amitayur-v yuha-sutra) 唯识二十论(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-vimsa-kakarika-sastra) 唯识三十颂(Vijnaptimatratasiddhi-trimsai-kakarika-sastra) 国际佛教研究协会(The International Association of Buddhist Studies) sura^meraya majja ppama^dattha^na^ veramani^ sikkha^padam sama^diya^mi ▲ 收起
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南传佛教英文辞典 【1】abhibha^yatana

  he  8  ”stages  of  mastery”,  ...
the  8  ”stages  of  mastery”,  are  powers  to  be  obtained  by  means  of  the  kasina-exercises  (s.  kasina).  In  the  Com.  to  M.77,  where  a^yatana  is  explained  by  ”means”  (ka^rana)  it  is  said:  "The  abhibha^yatana  through  their  counteracting  may  master  (suppress)  the  adverse  states,  and  by  means  of  higher  knowledge  they  may  master  the  objects  of  mind."  They  are  means  for  transcending  the  sensuous  sphere.
The  stereotype  text  often  met  with  in  the  Suttas  (e.g.  D.11,  D.33;  M.77;  A.VIII.65;  A.X.29)  is  as  follows:
(1)  "Perceiving  (blue...,  red...,  yellow...,  white)  forms  on  one”s  own  body,  one  sees  forms  externally  small  ones,  beautiful  or  ugly;  and  in  mastering  these  one  understands:  ”I  know,  I  understand.”  This  is  the  first  stage  of  mastery.
(2)  "Perceiving  forms  on  one”s  own  body,  one  sees  forms  externally,  large  ones  ....  This  is  the  second  stage  of  mastery.
(3)  "Not  perceiving  forms  on  one”s  own  body,  one  sees  forms  externally,  small  ones  ....  This  is  the  third  stage  of  mastery.
(4)  "Not  perceiving  forms  on  one”s  own  body,  one  sees  forms  externally,  large  ones  ....  This  is  the  fourth  stage  of  mastery.
(5)  "Not  perceiving  forms  on  one”s  own  body,  one  sees  forms  externally,  blue  forms,  forms  of  blue  colour,  blue  appearance,  blue  lustre,  and  mastering  these  one  understands:  ”I  know,  I  understand.  This  is  the  fifth  stage  of  mastery."
(6-8)  The  same  is  repeated  with  yellow,  red  and  white  forms.
As  preparatory  kasina-object  for  the  1st  and  2nd  exercise  one  should  choose  on  one”s  own  body  a  small  or  a  large  spot,  beautiful  or  ugly,  and  thereon  one  should  concentrate  one”s  full  undivided  attention,  so  that  this  object  after  a  while  reappears  as  mental  reflex  or  image  (nimitta,  q.v.)  and,  as  it  were,  as  something  external.  Such  an  exercise,  though  appearing  quite  mechanical,  if  properly  carried  out  will  bring  about  a  high  degree  of  mental  concentration  and  entrance  into  the  4  absorptions  (jha^na,  q.v.).  In  the  3rd  and  4th  exercises  the  monk  by  an  external  kasina-object  gains  the  mental  reflexes  and  absorptions.  As  objects  of  the  remaining  exercises,  perfectly  clear  and  radiant  colours  should  be  chosen,  flowers,  cloth,  etc.
A  kasina-object  of  small  size  is  said  to  be  suitable  for  a  mentally  unsteady  nature,  one  of  a  large  size  for  a  dull  nature,  a  beautiful  object  for  an  angry  nature,  an  ugly  one  for  a  lustful  nature.
In  Vis.M.  V  it  is  said:  "By  means  of  the  earth-kasina  one  succeeds  in  reaching  the  stage  of  mastery  with  regard  to  small  and  large  objects  ....  By  means  of  the  blue-kasina  one  succeeds  in  causing  blue  forms  to  appear,  in  producing  darkness,  in  reaching  the  stage  of  mastery  with  regard  to  beautiful  and  ugly  colours,  in  reaching  ”deliverance  through  the  beautiful”,  etc."  (cf.  vimokkha  II,  3).  The  same  is  also  said  with  regard  to  the  other  colour  kasinas.

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