(名數)乘者,車乘也,叁谛之妙觀,爲直到涅槃寶所之大白牛車,故雲乘。十乘雲者,非有觀法十種,觀法唯觀不思議境之一,惟加資助觀法之法,乃爲十乘。一、觀不思議境,是指介爾陰妄之一念(介者弱也,謂細念也,但異于無心,陰者新譯蘊也,然則介爾陰妄者,識蘊中極弱之妄念也,與無記心相當),觀爲即空即假即中之不思議境也。蓋佛陀與衆生與草與木皆爲叁谛不思議之妙境,而佛陀高,諸法廣,于我最近且簡者,無過于陰妄之念。故特取之爲所觀之境也。此荊溪譬之以燒灸得穴。就此可知有兩重之能所觀者能觀之智也,不思議境者,所觀之境也,此觀智與妙境,相望而立一重之能所,而此二者望于陰妄之心,則皆爲能觀,故對所觀之妄心,又有一重之能所,是以妄心觀爲不思議境也。指要鈔譬之于槌與淳樸及砧叁種。言槌與砧相望,則爲一重之能所,此二者,望于淳樸,則更爲一重之能所雲。要之以能觀之智慧之槌與所觀之叁谛之砧鍜妄心之淳樸。使爲一念叁千之妙體。是謂之觀不思議境。示之則如圖。即上根之人,以此一乘直到寶所也。二、真正發菩提心,此言中根之人,修第一乘,未得真證時發上求菩提下化衆生之真正菩提心,助成觀法也。叁、善巧安心,此言于第二乘尚不得真證時,更修靜明之止觀。善巧安住一心也。四、破法遍,此言于第叁乘尚不得真證時,以一心叁觀之智慧遍破叁惑之情執也,是因真證未發,有叁惑之情執礙之故也。五、識塞通,此言于第四乘尚未入法性時。能識別何行相通入法性何相法性蔽塞,而存通破塞也。六、道品調適,此言一一調試叁十七科之道品而以其中適于吾機邊者入道也。此以于第五乘尚未達真性,先存之法門尚有我與不相應者故也,中根之人。至此第六乘,必發真證。七、對治助開,此言修藏教之五停心或六度等行對治事惑(修惑),以助開正道之理觀也。此爲最下根之人。在第六乘觀行尚未進,以有迷事之粗惑爲之障礙故也。八、知次位,此言已知修行之分齊,防增上慢之心也。九、能安忍,此言于內外之障礙安然耐忍也。十、無法愛,此言不愛著于已得之法,益進而入于法性也。即下根之人全修如是十乘漸得到道場也。
Ten Vehicles of Meditation == 十乘觀
Vehicles is the means to take living beings across from suffering to Nirvana. Though there are ten vehicles, there is only one teaching (Dharma), i.e., Inconceivable Virtues of the Self-mind, and the other nine are supplementary. According to Tien Tai Sect, the ten vehicles are:
1.Meditation of Inconceivable Virtue of the Self-mind * - * highest order for superior roots
2.Meditation of Real Bodhicitta
3.Meditation of Expedient Dwelling of Mind
4.Meditation of Breaking Universal Dharma
5.Meditation of Penetrating through Obstructed Consciousness
6.Meditation of Commissioning all Chapters of Paths
7.Meditation of Confronting Delusion and Advocating Enlightenment
8.Meditation of Understanding the Stages of Fruition
9.Meditation of Calmness and Endurance
10.Meditation of Non-attachment of Dharma
乘是車乘,行者修佛道,如駕大白牛車,直達涅槃寶所,故名爲乘。此十乘,雖標爲十,只有一法,即觀不思議境,其余皆是資助作觀之法,合之爲十種,故稱十乘。第一觀名觀不思議境,即以能觀之智,觀自心中,微細的妄念,此妄念即一切法的起源,故是心亦是法,是法亦是心,要 - 陳義孝編