..续本文上一页(PTS). P. 420 ff.
[2] A (Colombo, 1929), p. 49
[3] Mahãdukkhakkhandha-sutta, M I (PTS), p. 90.
[4] M I (PTS), p. 85 ff; S III (PTS), p. 27 ff.
[5] M I (PTS), p. 87.
[6] Vism (PTS), P. 499; Abhisamuc, p. 38.
[7] Samkhittena pancupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. S V (PTS), p. 421
[8] S III (PTS), p. 158
[9] S III (PTS),p. 59
[10] Abhisamuc, p. 4. Vibh.p.72. Hhs. p. 133§594
[11] S III (PTS), p. 59.
[12] S III (PTS), p.60
[13] Mental Formations” is the term now generally used to represent the wide meaning of the word samkhāra in the list of Five Aggregates. Samkhāra in other contexts may mean anything conditioned, anything in the word, in which sense all the Five Aggregates are samkhāra.
[14] A (Colombo, 1929), p. 590- Cetanā”ham bhikkhave kammam vadāmi. Cetayitvā kammam karoti kāyena vācā manasā.
[15] Abhisamuc, p.6.
[16] S III (PTS), p.60.
[17] According to Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophy the Aggregate of Consciousness has three aspects: citta, manas and vijňāna, and the Ālaya- vijňāna (popularly translated as ”Store-Consciousness”) finds its place in this Aggregate. A detailed and comparative study of this subject will be found in a forthcoming work on Buddhist philosophy by the present writer.
[18] S III (PTS), p.61
[19] Mahātanhāsamkhaya-sutta, M I (PTS), p. 256 ff.
[20] MA II (PTS), pp. 306-307
[21] S III (PTS), p. 58.
[22] A (colomo, 1929), p. 700. These words are attributed by the Buddha to a Teacher (Satthā) named Araka who was free from desires and who lived in the dim past. It is interesting to remember here the doctrine of Heraclitus (about 500 B.C) that everything is in a state of flux, and his famous statement: ”You cannot step twice onto the same river, for fresh waters are ever flowing in upon you.”
[23] The doctrine of Anatta ”No-Self” will be discussed in Chapter VI.
[24] In fact Buddhaghosa compares a ”being” to a wooden mechanism (dāruyanta). Vism. (PTS), pp. 594-595
[25] Vism. (PTS), p.513
[26] S II (PTS), pp. 178-179; III pp.149, 151
[27] A V (PTS), p. 113
[28] S V (PTS), p. 437. In fact the Buddha says that he who sees any one of the Four Noble Truths sees the other three as well. These Four Noble Truths are interconnected.
[29] There is a statue from Gandhara, and also one from Fou-Kien, China, depicting Gotama as an ascetic, emaciated, with all his ribs showing. But this was before his Enlightenment, when he was submitting himself to the rigorous ascetic practices which he condemned after he became Buddha.
[30] Abhisamuc, p. 7.
[31] M II (PTS), p. 121
[32] For these Seven Factors of Enlightenment see Chapter on Meditation, p. 75.
注释:
一:见一九二二年阿陆葛马(Alutgama)版律藏《大品转*轮经》第九页以次各页;巴利文学会版《杂部经》第五集第四二零页以次各页。
二:此处巴利原文Dukkha一字在英文原著并未译成英文,理由见下文。
三:见一九二九年哥仑坡版《增支部经》第四十九页。
四:见巴利文学会版《中部经》第五集第九十页大涅槃经。
五:见巴利文学会版《中部经》第一集第八十五页以次各页及同版《杂部经》第三集第廿七页以次各页。
六:见巴利文学会版《中部经》第一集第八十七页。
七:见巴利文学会版《清净道论》第四九九页及《阿毗达摩集论》(一九五零年山提尼克坦版)第三十八页。
八:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第五集第四二一页。
九:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集第一五八页。
十:见同书第三集第五十九页。
十一:见《阿毗达摩集论》第四页。
十二:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集第五十九页。
十三:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集第六十页。﹝想蕴(Sanjna, Pali Sanna)不仅是perception而且是conception概念及意念,所以不能说只有六种,著者太著重perception之义,故有此曲解,本人殊不同意。编者张澄基识﹞﹞又:《阿毗达摩集论》,无著造,大正藏一六零五,六六四页及安慧造,大正藏一六零六,六九五页,皆由六根、六尘中说明想蕴并不是只限于此六种,想蕴就是思想及概念。张澄基识。
十四:“心所”一词现常用以代表五蕴中意义甚广的“行”字。“行”字在其它行文中之意义,几可代表任何有为法,任何世间之物,乃至五蕴,无不是“行”。
十五:见一九二九年哥仑坡版《增支部经》第五九零页。
十六:见《阿毗达摩集论》第六页。
十七:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集第六十页。(此处著者亦犯与前面一般的错误,见注十三,编者张澄基识。)
十八:根据大乘佛教哲学,识蕴分心、意、识三义。阿赖耶识(通常译作藏识)即在此蕴中。本书著者现正从事写作一部佛教哲学之专著,不久即将出版。其中对此课题将有详尽之比较研究。
十九:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集第六十一页。
二十:如果眼识只察觉到颜色,而不知是蓝的,那么此处所谓的颜色究竟是什么意义呢?没有红、黄、蓝······的颜色,究竟是什么颜色呢?张澄基识。
二十一:见巴利文学会版《中部经》第一集第二五六页起 Mahatanhasamkhaya Sutta(译者注:约相当于汉译《中阿含》二零一嗏帝经。)
二十二:见巴利文学会版《中部经》觉音疏第二集第三零六至三零七页。
二十三:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集第五十八页。
二十四:见一九二九哥仑坡版《增支部经》第七零零页。佛称此语乃他多生以前的一位师尊叫做阿逻伽的无欲仙人所说。尚忆西元前五世纪顷之希腊哲人赫拉克利脱氏Heraclitus也曾创一切皆迁流不息之说。他的名言是:“你不可能两次伸足入同一河流,因为新的水在不断流向你处。”
二十五:无我的教义在第六章内再行详论。
二十六:事实上,觉音曾将“生灵”比拟为一木制机器。见巴利文学会版《清净道论》第五九四至五九五页。
二十七:见巴利文学会版《清净道论》第五一三页。
二十八:见巴利文学会版《杂部经》第三集一七八页至一七九页,及一四九页至一五一页。
二十九:见同版《增支部经》第五集第一一三页。
三十:见同版《杂部经》第五集第四三七页。事实上,佛说在任何人如见到四圣谛中任何一谛,即见余谛。四圣谛是互相关连的。
三十一:犍陀罗国及中国之福建两地,各有佛修苦行之像,形容枯槁,胁骨尽露。但此为佛得道前厉修苦行之像。佛得道后,即严斥此种修持为非法。
三十二:见《阿毗达摩集论》第七页。三十三:见巴利文学会版《中部经》第二集第一二一页。
三十三:关于七觉支请参阅“修习:心智的培育”章。
《佛陀的启示 第二章 第一圣谛:苦谛 Chapter II· The First Noble Truth: Dukkha》全文阅读结束。