..续本文上一页arma, Sikh-dharma, and so on. But Dharma has nothing to do with all these. Sectarianism is pisive. Dharma is universal: it unites.

　　在印度的古老语言当中，对「法」这个字所解释的意义，现在已经遗失了。

　　The meaning of Dharma in the ancient language of India has been lost.

　　这是很不幸的一件事！我们的国家(印度)已经遗失了大量古代的文献 及经典，幸而这些文献至今仍然被邻近的国家所保存。当我们讀到这些文献 时，便能很清楚地知道，古时候在我们国家人们对「法」的诠释。当时对「法」 的定义是「Dha-reti- ti dharma」——一个人心中所持有的，所含括的就是「法」。这意思是在此时此刻，一个人心中所持有、所含括的。而这些所含 括的内容，可能是有益的念头，也可能是有害的念头。在过去的语言中，心 裡面有益的念头称之为「善法 kus&ala–dharma」，而有害的念头则称为「不 善法 akus&ala–dharma」。我们在古代的文献中发现这兩个字，用了很长的 一段时间。善法和不善法都是法。一个人在此时此刻心中所含括的就是法——

　　「Dha-reti- ti dharma」。

　　Unfortunately, our country has lost the bulk of its ancient literature and scriptures. This literature was preserved and is still being maintained in the neighbouring countries. When we study these writings it becomes so clear what the people of this country meant by Dharma in ancient times. The definition was "Dhāretī ti dharma"—what one holds, what one contains, is Dharma. This means what one”s mind is holding, what one”s mind is containing, at this moment. These contents may be wholesome thoughts, or unwholesome thoughts. In the language of those days, wholesome thoughts were called kuśala-dharma, and unwholesome thoughts were called akuśala-dharma. We find that these two words were used for a long time in our ancient literature. Kuśala-dharma and akuśala-dharma are both Dharma. What one”s mind contains at this moment is Dharma—"Dhāretī ti dharma."

　　在古老文献中，另外还有兩个字就是「 a-rya–dharma 」圣人的法和「ana-rya–dharma」俗人的法。随着世纪的迁移，这些字的真正意思已经遗 失了。今天「a-rya」这个字是指人類中的某个种族(阿利安)。在过去的印 度，完全不是这个意思。A+rya 和人類种族无关，事实上，它的意思是拥有 纯净心靈的人，高尚的人，圣人，完全根除心中不净烦恼的人，这样的人就 叫作「a-rya」圣人。如果一个人所过的生活，充满着种种的负面心态与不净 烦恼，不断地产生像生气、憎恨、惡念、或敌意，这样的人就叫作「ana-rya」 俗人。所以无論是任何人，只要他的心中是充满着纯净，就叫他圣人；而任 何心中存着不净的人，就称他为俗人。

　　Two other words that occur in the ancient literature are ārya-dharma and anārya-dharma. As the centuries passed, the real meaning of these words has been lost. Today the word ārya is used for a particular race of human beings. In the India of those days, this meaning was nowhere to be found. Ārya had nothing to do with a race of human beings. Rather, it meant one who has a pure mind—one who is a noble person, a saintly person; one who has eradicated all the impurities of the mind. Such a one was called an ārya. One who lives the life of negativity, impurity, and generates anger, hatred, ill will, or animosity, was called anārya. So anybody whose mind contained purity was called ārya, and anybody whose mind contained impurity was called anārya.

　　有些用词像「印度教的法」、「佛教的法」、或是「耆那教的法」，在 古代文献中是不曾使用过的。其他宗派产生地比较晚，但是当时只有三个教 派存在时，未曾使用过这些用词。当时用的是「善法」、「不善法」。慢慢 地，经过几个世纪之后，另一种区别产生了：善法被称为「正法 dharma」， 而不善法就称为「非法 adharma」。

　　Words like Hindu-dharma, Buddhist-dharma or Jain-dharma, were never used in our ancient literature. Other sects came much later, but even when these three were there, nobody used these words. The words kuśala-dharma and akuśala-dharma were used. Slowly, after a few centuries, another pision came: kuśala-dharma (wholesome Dharma) was called dharma, and akuśala-dharma (unwholesome Dharma) was called adharma.

　　在古老的经典中，对「法」这个字有另一种定义：心所具有的本质或特 性，无論是善的，或是不善的，都叫作「法」。心中所具有的特性，我们就称它为「法」。它的本质、特性就称为「法」。在今日印度的语言裡，我们仍然能够听到这种意思的余音。当有人說：「火的法就是燃烧」，这个意思就是說火的本质、特性就是燃烧，燃烧自己也燃烧其他事物。同样地，我们 也能說「冰的法是制造凉爽」，这就是冰的本质。

　　In the ancient scriptures, there was another definition of the word dharma: the nature or characteristic of what the mind cont…

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