Law of Dependent Origination

　　缘起法

　　"No God, no Brahma can be found No matter of this wheel of life Just bare phenomena roll Depend on conditions all. (Visuddhi Magga)"

　　不是任何神或婆罗门所能寻获的，生命之轮没有迹象。当你理解它的运转时，知道这一切都是缘起法。《清净道论》

　　The Law of Dependent Origination is one of the most important teachings of the Buddha, and it is also very profound. The Buddha has often expressed His experience of Enlightenment in one of two ways, either in terms of having understood the Four Noble Truths, or in terms of having understood the nature of the dependent origination. However, more people have heard about the Four Noble Truths and can discuss it than the Law of Dependent Origination, which is just as important.

　　缘起法是佛陀教义中最重要和最珍贵的一项。佛陀以他那宝贵的觉悟体验教导弟子们，要获得觉悟，有两条道路，一是通过理解四圣谛而获得觉悟，另一是通过理解缘起法而获得觉悟。虽然，大多数人愿意去了解四圣谛，而忽略缘起法，但是，缘起法相对于四圣谛，是一样重要的。

　　Although the actual insight into dependent origination arises with spiritual maturity, it is still possible for us to understand the principle involved. The basis of dependent origination is that life or the world is built on a set of relations, in which the arising and cessation of factors depend on some other factors which condition them. This principle can be given in a short formula of four lines:

　　通过对缘起法的观察，能获得心灵的发展，因此，缘起法是觉悟的重要关节。缘起法是阐述生命与宇宙错综复杂的关系，某些因缘的生起，必须依赖某些因缘的条件。以下「四句」是缘起法的重点：

　　When this is, that is This arising, that arises When this is not, that is not This ceasing, that ceases.

　　此有故彼有。

　　此生故彼生。

　　此无故彼无。

　　此灭故彼灭。

　　On this principle of interdependence and relativity rests the arising, continuity and cessation of existence. This principle is known as the Law of Dependent Origination in Pali, Paticca-samuppada. This law emphasizes an important principle that all phenomena in this universe are relative, conditioned states and do not arise independently of supportive conditions. A phenomenon arises because of a combination of conditions which are present to support its arising. And the phenomenon will cease when the conditions and components supporting its arising change and no longer sustain it. The presence of these supportive conditions, in turn, depend on other factors for their arising, sustenance and disappearance.

　　通过这「四句」，我们理解因缘的生起、延续、转变和消失，这就是「缘起法」(Patcca samuppada)。缘起法，让我们理解到宇宙的一切离不开因缘，这世间的一切都依赖于各种因缘。一个现象的生起，是依赖于各种的因缘条件。一个现象的消失，也因为各种因缘的变化或消失。支撑目前的因缘条件，却依赖其它因缘条件的生起、维持或消失。

　　The Law of Dependence Origination is a realistic way of understanding the universe and is the Buddhist equivalent of Einstein”s Theory of Relativity. The fact that everything is nothing more than a set of relations is consistent with the modern scientific view of the material world. Since everything is conditioned, relative, and interdependent, there is nothing in this world which could be regarded as a permanent entity, variously regarded as an ego or an eternal soul, which many people believe in.

　　缘起法是唯一了解宇宙和佛教宇宙观的关键。通过现代科学的观点，来看这个物质世界，这世界的本质本来具无，一切都是因缘条件的结合。既然一切都是因缘条件的结合，那么，这世间根本就没有一件东西是永恒的。甚至，很多人都认为永恒的灵魂，实际也不存在。

　　The phenomenal world is built on a set of relations, but is this the way we would normally understand the world to be

　　 We create fictions of its permanency in our minds because of our desires. It is almost natural for human beings to cling to what they consider as beautiful or desirable, and to reject what is ugly or undesirable. Being subjected to the forces of greed and hatred, they are misled by delusion, clouded by the illusion of the permanency of the object they cling to or reject. Therefore, it is hard for us to realize that the world is like a bubble or mirage, and is not the kind of reality we believe it to be. We do not realize that it is unreal in actuality. It is like a ball of fire, which when whirled around rapidly, can for a time, create the illusion of a circle.

　　这个被我们理解的世界，是一连串因缘条件的组合。但是，这是…

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