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China is an ancient country which values propriety and the ability to yield; it has produced countless sages and great men who were renowned for their propriety and ability to yield. There are many examples in which the country was governed by means of propriety and yielding. Propriety is not apart from yielding; yielding must accord with propriety. The two complement and benefit one another. If something is not in accord with the rules of propriety, it should basically not be done at all; how much the less should one consider whether or not to yield.
兄弟之间，讲究的是兄友弟恭，因为友爱，做兄姐的总想把好处留给弟妹；因为恭敬，做弟妹的也总想把好处让给兄姐；如此一来，不就 “家和万事兴”了吗？
Between siblings, the elder sibling should be kind, and the younger one should be respectful. Elder brothers and sisters should want to let their younger siblings enjoy the advantages, and younger siblings should want to yield the advantages to their older siblings. In that way, how can the family not be harmonious and how can there not be prosperity
周武王是周朝开国之君，他的曾祖古公亶父，有泰伯、仲雍、季历三个儿子。古公亶父很喜欢季历的儿子，认为这小孩将来必可昌盛姬氏所建立的周国，因此将这小孩取名为昌，希望让昌来做周的领导人。可是要由姬昌做领导人，除非昌的父亲季历先继承王位，因此做长兄的泰伯，便偕二弟仲雍逃到南蛮，以便让季历继承王位。可是在父亲去世前后，季历亦三次礼让两位兄长，不肯继承王位。
King Wu of Zhou was the founder of the Zhou dynasty. His great grandfather, the Ancient Lord of Tan, had three sons: Taibo, Zhongy- ong, and Jili. The Ancient Lord of Tan favored the son of Jili and thought this son could certainly cause the Zhou dynasty, founded by the Ji clan, to flourish. That”s why he named this boy Chang ("flourishing") and wanted him to become the ruler of the Zhou dynasty. However, the only way this could happen would be for the boy”s father Jili to inherit the throne. Therefore the two elder brothers, Taibo and Zhongyong, retreated to Nanman [region inhabited by barbarous tribes in the south of China] so that the throne would pass to their younger brother Jili. However, before and after the death of their father, Jili three times tried to yield the throne to his two older brothers and refused to assume the throne himself.
于是乎泰伯、仲雍就学当地的土著，把头发剪短披散，又在身上图上花纹，以表示不再回国的决心，好让季历安心继位。后来季历的儿子姬昌果然成为一个聪慧过人，又能以德服人的领导者；四方各小国纷纷背叛暴君商纣王，自动来归顺，竟至三分天下有其二。周武王兴师伐纣，统一天下，建立周的皇朝后，便追尊其父姬昌为周文王。周文王不但是个圣明的君王，他的礼教、典章、制度，和所演算出来的“易经八卦”，对中国的历史、文化，都有深远的影响。
Taibo and Zhongyong resorted to adopting the manner of the local tribes, cutting their hair short and wearing it loose, and making tattoos on their body. They did this to show that they were resolved not to return to their state, so that Jili could assume the throne without worry. Later, Jili”s son Jichang indeed became a leader of exceptional wisdom who won people over by means of his virtue. The various small states from all around turned away from the tyrant Emperor Zhou of Shangand allied themselves under him, so that he gained the support of two-thirds of the country. After King Wu of Zhou attacked EmperorZhou and united the whole country under the new dynasty of Zhou, he bestowed the title "King Wen of Zhou" upon his father, Jichang. KingWen was a ruler of sagely wisdom. His teachings of propriety, his laws, his system of government, and the eight trigrams of the Book of Change which he calculated have had a profound and far-reaching influence on Chinese history and culture.
而逃到南蛮的泰伯、仲雍兄弟，也由于道德才能，被当地的土著推为君长，以后他们建立了虞国。后来虞国的子孙又搬到扬子江下游，建立了吴国，并接受周的招抚，成为一个诸侯。春秋中期，吴国日益强大，到了寿梦王时，已有大国的规模了。寿梦王有四个儿子，其中以最小的季札最有才德。寿梦王认为只有让季札为王，吴国才能兴盛；可是季札无论如何不肯越过三个兄长来做太子。寿梦王临终时吩咐四个儿子：王位不再父子相传，必须“兄终弟及”，直到传给最小的季札为止。
The two elder brothers, Taibo and Zhongyong, who had retreated to the south of China, were elected as leaders by the local natives because of their outstanding virtue and talent. Later on they founded the state of Yu. The descendants of the state of Yu later moved to the lower reaches of the Yangzi River, where they founded the state of Wu. They…
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