第一章：开宗明义章
Chapter 0ne: REVEALING THE PRINCIPLE AND EXPLAINING THE MEANING
弟子规，圣人训。首孝悌，次谨信。
泛爱众，而亲仁。有余力，则学文。
有
| 余
| 力
| ，
| 则
| 学
| 文
|
you
| yu
| li
| ze
| xue
| wen
| |
还有
| 多余的
| 心力
| 那么、就
| 学习
| 学识文章
| |
have
| extra
| strength
| then
| study
| learning
| |
假如以上都能努力去实行，还有更多的能力，就应该研究学问。 Whatever time you have left should be devoted to learning.
| ||||||
如果以上都能努力去实行，还有多余的时间和精力，那就应该学习更多的知识。
If we diligently carry out the things mentioned in the lines above and still have some time and energy left after that, then we should study more to expand our knowledge.
为什么呢？前面说到，如果没有道德的基础，才智学识都反而成为作恶的工具；但是假如道德具备了，却没有其他的技能知识，也没有办法扩展我们的见地，并进一步地帮助开导别人。就好比一个天生纯洁的小婴孩，连站也不会站，更别说懂得做什么事了！所以“学文”，是十分重要的。但是在学文之初，要先着重道德的修习，所以说“有余力”；就是在讲究道德之后，还要再研究学识。
Why is this
As mentioned before, if we possess talent and knowledge but lack a foundation in virtue, then our talent will only serve to help us do evil. On the other hand, if we have virtue but lack skills and knowledge, then we will not be able to transmit our understanding or to help and teach others. We will be like a newborn baby who cannot even stand up, much less do anything else. Therefore, it is important to study. However, the cultivation of virtue should come even before studying. That”s why the line says "whatever time you have left." After first concentrating on the cultivation of virtue, we should spend some time studying.
这个“文”字，在孔子的时代，指的是诗书六艺。也就是包括静态的书本知识，如六经：诗、书、礼、乐、易、春秋；以及动态的技能训练，如六艺 :礼、乐、射、御、书、数。
In Confucius” time, the scope of learning included the Book of Odes, the Book of History, and the six arts. It comprised both academic knowledge, such as from the six classics theBook of Odes, the Book of History, the Book of Rites, theBook of Music, the Book of Change, and the Spring and Autumn Annals --as well as practical skills, such as the six arts--rites, music, archery, charioteering , writing, and arithmetic.
《诗经 》是中国古代的一部诗歌总集，上自君王，乃至文人百官、贩夫走卒，都藉着诗歌来传达他们的心意。赞叹功德的，既不流阿谀：劝谏君王的，亦不显露骨:悲叹命运的，也不至凄厉。因此，学诗足以陶冶人温柔忠厚的本性。
The Book of Odes is a compilation of songs and poems from the kings, scholars, officials, and common people of ancient China: they used songs to express their thoughts and feelings. The odes praised merit without flattering, remonstrated with negligent rulers without being overly harsh, and lamented fate without being excessi…
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