第一章：開宗明義章
Chapter 0ne: REVEALING THE PRINCIPLE AND EXPLAINING THE MEANING
弟子規，聖人訓。首孝悌，次謹信。
泛愛衆，而親仁。有余力，則學文。
有
| 余
| 力
| ，
| 則
| 學
| 文
|
you
| yu
| li
| ze
| xue
| wen
| |
還有
| 多余的
| 心力
| 那麼、就
| 學習
| 學識文章
| |
have
| extra
| strength
| then
| study
| learning
| |
假如以上都能努力去實行，還有更多的能力，就應該研究學問。 Whatever time you have left should be devoted to learning.
| ||||||
如果以上都能努力去實行，還有多余的時間和精力，那就應該學習更多的知識。
If we diligently carry out the things mentioned in the lines above and still have some time and energy left after that, then we should study more to expand our knowledge.
爲什麼呢？前面說到，如果沒有道德的基礎，才智學識都反而成爲作惡的工具；但是假如道德具備了，卻沒有其他的技能知識，也沒有辦法擴展我們的見地，並進一步地幫助開導別人。就好比一個天生純潔的小嬰孩，連站也不會站，更別說懂得做什麼事了！所以“學文”，是十分重要的。但是在學文之初，要先著重道德的修習，所以說“有余力”；就是在講究道德之後，還要再研究學識。
Why is this
As mentioned before, if we possess talent and knowledge but lack a foundation in virtue, then our talent will only serve to help us do evil. On the other hand, if we have virtue but lack skills and knowledge, then we will not be able to transmit our understanding or to help and teach others. We will be like a newborn baby who cannot even stand up, much less do anything else. Therefore, it is important to study. However, the cultivation of virtue should come even before studying. That”s why the line says "whatever time you have left." After first concentrating on the cultivation of virtue, we should spend some time studying.
這個“文”字，在孔子的時代，指的是詩書六藝。也就是包括靜態的書本知識，如六經：詩、書、禮、樂、易、春秋；以及動態的技能訓練，如六藝 :禮、樂、射、禦、書、數。
In Confucius” time, the scope of learning included the Book of Odes, the Book of History, and the six arts. It comprised both academic knowledge, such as from the six classics theBook of Odes, the Book of History, the Book of Rites, theBook of Music, the Book of Change, and the Spring and Autumn Annals --as well as practical skills, such as the six arts--rites, music, archery, charioteering , writing, and arithmetic.
《詩經 》是中國古代的一部詩歌總集，上自君王，乃至文人百官、販夫走卒，都藉著詩歌來傳達他們的心意。贊歎功德的，既不流阿谀：勸谏君王的，亦不顯露骨:悲歎命運的，也不至淒厲。因此，學詩足以陶冶人溫柔忠厚的本性。
The Book of Odes is a compilation of songs and poems from the kings, scholars, officials, and common people of ancient China: they used songs to express their thoughts and feelings. The odes praised merit without flattering, remonstrated with negligent rulers without being overly harsh, and lamented fate without being excessi…
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