..续本文上一页 of the mind with scientific rigor and replicability. Such laboratories would ideally include facilities for conducting behavioral and neuroscientific research, together with simple, inpidual accommodations for people to devote themselves to mental training for months and years on end. This would be tantamount to creating a new profession of highly trained observers and experimentalists of the mind.
由于只需建造、维护及操作哈勃太空望远镜成本的一小部分，静观天文台有可能为了展开对注意力的可训练性以及用科学的严谨和可复制性来观察心智太空的可能性的经验研究而创造出来。理想上，这些实验室将包括指导行为与精神系统科学研究的设备，同时具备简单的、独立的居住设施，让人们贡献其自身去经历持续数月和数年的心理训练。这相当于为心智的高度受训观察者和经验主义者，创造了一个新的职业。
One valuable kind of mental training that I have explained elsewhere entails focusing one”s attention on the space of mental events, distinct from appearances generated by the five physical senses. 12 Expertise in this mode of observation may require as much as 5,000 to 10,000 hours of training, 8 to 12 hours a day, 7 days a week, for months on end. In addition to this formal practice of observing the mind and whatever events arise within it, the practitioner must take all necessary steps in terms of lifestyle and emotional regulation to ensure mental health throughout the course of this extremely demanding discipline. Contemplative traditions that have developed such introspective practice have much sound advice to offer in these regards.13
我在别处已解释过的一种有价值的心理训练类型，必须将一个人的注意力专注于心理活动的空间中，相异于由五种生理感官产生的外相。这种观察模式的专长，可能需要差不多5000到10000个小时的训练，每天8到12个小时、一周7天、持续数月。除了这种正式的观察心智的练习以及无论这一过程中有什么活动，练习者都必须依据生活方式和情绪规制，来秉持所有需要的步骤，以保证通过这种极端苛刻的自律达到心理健康。开发这种内省练习的静观传统，在这些点上提出了许多忠告。
As the faculty of mental perception is refi ned, one may begin probing the nature of the thoughts, images, emotions, and desires that arise in each moment. Specific questions may guide these observations, such as:
随着心理觉知能力的改善，一个人开始探索在每一个当下产生的思想、想象、情绪以及需求的本性。具体的问题能引导出这些观察，例如：
Are any of these mental events, including one”s awareness of them, static, or are they constantly in a state of flux
任何这些心理活动——包括一个人对它们的意识——是静态的吗？还是它们一直处于变化的状态？
Are any mental phenomena inherently satisfying or unsatisfying, or do these qualities arise only relative to one”s attitudes and desires
任何心理现象原本就是令人满意的或不满意的吗？还是这些特性只是在与一个人的态度和需求相关的时候才生起？
Is the space of the mind, any of its contents, or the awareness of them inherently “I” or “mine,” or is one”s sense of personal identity and possession of one”s mind purely a conceptual projection
心智的空间——其任何内容或对它们的意识——本来就是“我”或“我的”吗？还是一个人的个人身份感与其心智的所有都纯粹是一个概念的投射？
Hypotheses
假说
When a large number of researchers engage in such empirical inquiry in different laboratories, running their experiments with different sets of assumptions and expectations, it may turn out, contrary to Kant”s expectations, that they can extract features of the mind independent of the acts of observation. They may be able to identify universal qualities and regularities among mental phenomena and thereby formulate laws of the mind analogous to the rest of the laws of nature. As in any other branch of science, this research will require controlled experiments, repeated iterative evolving cycles of hypothesis formation, controlled testing, hypothesis revision, and prediction.
当一大群研究者们在不同的实验室参与这种经验研究，用不同的假设和期望开展他们的实验，这样的结果可能是，与康德的预期相反，即他们能提取独立于观察行为的心智特性。他们可能能够在心理现象中得到普遍的特性与规律，从而类似于自然界其它规则那样创制心智规则。如同科学的其它任何分支，这项研究需要受控的实验、假说信息演变周期的反复迭代、对照检验、假说校正以及预测。
The above method of observing the space of the mind and everything that arises within it has been practiced in Tibet for more than a thousand years. Those engaged in this practice within a context of religious belief, which certainly colors experience, claim to have made many discoveries that can be replicated by any open-minded inpidual willing to devote the time and effort to putting their findings to the test. 14 The following discussion highlig…
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