衆生的別業妄見和共業妄見
False Views Associated with the Inpidual and Collective Karma of Beings
因爲有毛病了，才有虛妄生出來。
It”s only when we have faults that such illusions arise.
在《楞嚴經》裏，有一段文是討論二種顛倒妄見的。什麼是二種顛倒妄見呢？
A passage in the Shurangama Sutra discusses two kinds of deluded false views. What are these views
第一是「衆生別業妄見」。別業就是和其他人不同的，也可以說是「別分的妄見」。別業，就是單單自己的業，也可以說是「自業」。就是特別的，與衆不同的，這就是別業。
The first one is "false alse views associated with the inpidual karma of beings." Inpidual karma refers to one”s own karma, which differs from the karma of others. This is also called "inpidually held false views." One”s own karma is special and different from that of everyone else.
這種「別業妄見」，就是自己見解也特別、行爲也特別，所以自己造的罪業也特別。這種別業妄見的人，就是好標異現奇，總覺得他自己與衆不同，好像一般的衆生在任何場合裏邊，都想要做第一，這和其他的業就不同了。
Inpidual karma also refers to each person having his own special outlook and behavior and thus creating his own particular offenses. Because of our false view associated with inpidual karma, we tend to act special and feel we are different from other people. For example, most beings will compete to be first in any situation. That makes their karma different from other people”s.
標異現奇，這也是一種妄見，他妄行、妄做、妄爲，造出這種的業，也就與衆不同，這都是一種妄想心所造成的。這個妄想，就是好高骛遠的心。因爲他好高骛遠的關系，又標異現奇，獨出己見，所以就造成一種別業，與衆不同了。
Their attempt to act special and different is also a kind of false view. With false conduct, false actions, and false behavior, one creates karma that is unique, and so one”s karma differs from that of others. All of this results from false thoughts. These false thoughts come from a mind that aims high but neglects the foundation. As a result of aiming too high, trying to act special, and having unique views, one creates karma which differs from that of other people.
第二是「衆生同分妄見」。同分，就是和一般人相同的，又可以叫「共業」。譬如天災人禍、天塌地陷，這一個地方一死就幾十萬、幾百萬，甚至于幾千萬的人一起都死了，這是共業，這就叫「同分妄見」，由這種妄想造成這種的同業。
The second one is "commonly held false views of beings." "Commonly held" means that it is shared by most other people. It is also called collective karma. An example is natural disasters and man-made calamities, in which "the sky falls down and the earth splits open," and hundreds of thousands, millions, or even tens of millions of people die together. That is collective karma arising from commonly held false views; it is shared karma resulting from those kinds of false thoughts.
因爲衆生迷物爲己、認賊作子，迷這個物，以爲是自己，所以就造成同分妄見，這是由妄想所造成的這種妄見。這個「見」字，不一定是看見的見，而是見解的見，大家意見相同，這就是同分妄見。由衆生的妄想造成這種的妄業，于是乎就受妄報，所謂「起惑、造業、受報。」最初就因爲不明白，所以就造了業；造了業，就要受報，這是衆生的共業。譬如荒旱，這地方的人都沒有飯吃了，這是這一個地方衆生共業所感。我來講一個「共業所感」的實例：
When beings get totally caught up in materialism and "mistake thieves for their sons," their false thoughts create commonly held false views. The word "view" refers not to seeing, but to perception; everyone shares the same opinion, so there are false views held in common. Beings” false thoughts lead them to create false karma, and consequently they undergo false retributions. That is known as becoming deluded, creating karma, and undergoing the retribution. In the beginning, beings create karma out of ignorance. Having created karma, they then suffer the retribution. That”s the collective karma of beings. For example, when there”s a drought and people have nothing to eat, that”s a response due to their collective karma. Let me mention one case of collective karma.
民國叁十叁年(西元一九四四年)，在中國河南省這個地方鬧荒旱，天不下雨。天不下雨還不要緊，天還生了蝗蟲。蝗蟲，就是在空中飛的一種蟲子，這種蟲子大約有叁、四寸長，專門吃農産品，無論是菜蔬、小苗，農田裏的耕作物，它都吃的。這蝗蟲在天空一飛，遮天蓋日的，你用小網在空中這麼一撈，就可以撈這麼一大網。那時候，人就撈蝗蟲回來自己吃，因爲人們什麼東西都沒得吃，就想吃蝗蟲。他們以爲蝗蟲是吃農産品的，所以人就吃蝗蟲。
In the thirty-third year of the Republic of China (1944), a drought struck HenanProvince in China. Not only was there no rain, there was also a plague of locusts. Locusts three or four inches long swarmed through the air and devoured all crops, including vegetables, sprouts, and anything growing in the…
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