..續本文上一頁erson than to live as a wicked person.
佛陀說：「一個沒有道德的人，在不安定的日子裏活了一百歲，不如一個持戒和有禅定修養的人活一天。」《法句經》
甯可死得有道德和值得尊敬，也不要活得像一個邪惡和狡猾的人。
The remaining three factors of the Noble Eightfold Path are factors for the development of wisdom through the purification of the mind. They are Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration. These factors, when practised, enable a person to strengthen and gain control over the mind, thereby ensuring that his actions will continue to be good and that his mind is being prepared to realize the Truth, which will open the door to Freedom, to Enlightenment.
定學：
定學共有叁項：正精進、正念和正定。通過定學的鍛煉，可以淨化自身和獲得智慧，也能夠更有效的控製我們自己的心識，從而獲得智慧和善性，並爲我們打開了證悟和解脫的大門。
正精進，就是全面的發展，如：通過不懈努力、堅韌不拔的意志，學習和實踐佛法，而獲得各方面的進展，這就是正精進。正精進有四種屬性。
一、已生惡令滅。
二、未生惡令不生。
叁、已生善令增長。
四、未生善令生。
正精進于我們的生活起著決定性的作用，它令我們的精神境界獲得充分的發展，讓我們更清楚的認識行法的無常性。
Right Effort means that we cultivate a positive attitude and have enthusiasm in the things we do, whether in our career, in our study, or in our practice of the Dhamma. With such a sustained enthusiasm and cheerful determination, we can succeed in the things we do. There are four aspects of Right Effort, two of which refer to evil and the other two to good. First, is the effort to reject evil that has already arisen; and second, the effort to prevent the arising of evil. Third, is the effort to develop unarisen good, and fourth, the effort to maintain the good which has arisen. By applying Right Effort in our lives, we can reduce and eventually eliminate the number of unwholesome mental states and increase and firmly establish wholesome thoughts as a natural part of our mind.
正精進和正念關系密切。身爲一個佛教徒，培養正念是必要的。佛陀說過，正念是唯一滅苦的途徑。正念(依所緣)有四種：
一、念于身(身念處，觀身不淨)。
二、念于受(受念處，觀受是苦)。
叁、念于心(心念處，觀心無常)。
四、念于法(法念處，觀法無我)。
正念體現于我們日常生活中，我們的一切受、想、行、識都受到「念」的支配。因此，我們生活中，應該非常關注于「念」，使「念」清晰，培養正念。
Right Effort is closely associated with Right Mindfulness. The practice of mindfulness is important in Buddhism. The Buddha said that mindfulness is the one way to achieve the end of suffering. Mindfulness can be developed by being constantly aware of four particular aspects. These are the application of mindfulness with regard to the body (body postures, breathing so forth), feelings (whether pleasant, unpleasant or neutrally); mind (whether the mind is greedy or not, angry, dispersed or deluded or not); and mind objects (whether there are mental hindrances to concentration, the Four Noble Truths, and so on). Mindfulness is essential even in our daily life in which we act in full awareness of our actions, feelings and thoughts as well as that of our environment. The mind should always be clear and attentive rather than distracted and clouded. Whereas Right Mindfulness is directing our attention to our body, feelings, mind, or mental object or being sensitive to others, in other words, putting our attention to where we choose to, Right Concentration is the sustained application of that attention on the object without the mind being distracted.
Concentration is the practice of developing one-pointedness of the mind on one single object, either physical or mental. The mind is totally absorbed in the object without distractions, wavering, anxiety or drowsiness. Through practice under an experienced teacher, Right Concentration brings two benefits. Firstly, it leads to mental and physical well-being, comfort, joy, calm, tranquility. Secondly, it turns the mind into an instrument capable of seeing things as they truly are, and prepares the mind to attain wisdom. The Noble Eightfold Path is the fourth important truth taught by the Buddha. As a competent spiritual physician, the Buddha has identified a disease that afflicts all forms of life, and this is Dukkha or unsatisfactoriness. He then diagnosed the cause of the unsatisfactoriness to be selfish greed and craving. He discovered that there is a cure for the disease, Nibbana, the state where all unsatisfactoriness ceases. And the prescription is the Noble Eightfold Path. When a competent doctor treats a patient for a serious illness, his prescription is not only for physical treatment, but it is also psychological. The Noble Eightfold path, the path leading to the end of suffering, is an integrated therapy designed to cure the disease of Samsara through the cultivation of moral speech and action, the development of the mind, and the complete transformation of one”s level of understanding and quality of thought. It shows the way to gain spiritual maturity and be released completely from suffering.
正念影響了我們的身、受、心與法，及其它一切的有關行爲。因此，導致于我們向往「定」。正定導致我們無論在精神或肉體，都能獲得「專注」(心一境性)的能力，心識關注于一個目標，不受外在所有因素的影響。通過正確的途徑鍛煉正念，可獲得兩種利益。
一、在身心方面獲得平靜、舒適和歡愉。
二、提升心的洞察力，生起觀想事物本性的能力，進而引發智慧。
八聖道是佛陀教義中的精粹。是完整的心靈發展的原動力。是佛陀爲衆生找出的病源──苦，和診治的唯一方法。「苦」的根源就是欲念和貪，當消除欲念和貪後，就能輕易的進入無苦的涅槃，這就是八聖道的真正定義。當一位高明的醫生在爲病人診治嚴重的疾病時，他不單治療病人的肉體，也給病人做了精神的輔導。八聖道是滅苦的唯一途徑，同時也是對治輪回的良方，發展我們的心識和提升我們的本質，它指示了如何獲得心靈純淨和通往無苦境界的道路。
《八聖道的生活 Righteous Life》全文閱讀結束。