..續本文上一頁eachings emerge."

　　平等的孝順

　　IMPARTIAL FILIAL PIETY

　　《孝經》和《論語》是儒家流傳最廣的典籍。在古代五刑(墨、劓、剕、宮、大辟)所屬的犯罪條例，有叁千條之多，其中沒有比不孝的罪行更大的。在宋仁宗時代，《孝經》更列入科舉考試項目中，宋朝忠臣因此特別多。北史《儒林傳》何妥中記載﹕「納言蘇威嘗言于上曰﹕『臣先人每誡臣雲﹕唯獨《孝經》一卷，足可立身經國，何用多爲。』」在漢明帝、唐玄宗時代，皇帝甚至批注《孝經》，诏令天下誦習，可以暸解中國人對孝道重視的程度。

　　The Classic of Filial Piety and the Confucian Analectsare the most well-known texts of Confucian philosophy. In ancient times, of the more than three thousand offenses meriting the five severe punishments (tattooing, cutting off the nose, cutting off the feet, castration, and capital punishment), none was considered worse than being unfilial. During the reign of Emperor Ren of the Song Dynasty, the Classic of Filial Piety became one of the texts covered in the imperial examination. As a result, the Song Dynasty had a particularly large number of loyal ministers. In the He Tuo Chapter of theNorthern History”s Annals of Scholars, it is recorded, "Su Wei once said to the Emperor: My late father often admonished me, saying: The study of the Classic of Filial Piety alone provides a sufficient basis for one”s life and for the managing of the nation”s affairs; what need is there to study additional texts

　　"” During the reigns of Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Xuan of the Tang Dynasty, those emperors even wrote commentaries on the Classic of Filial Piety and instructed all the people to recite and practice it. From this we can see what importance the Chinese place upon filial piety.

　　那麼孝順父母，該怎麼做呢？《孝經‧士章》說，拿事奉父親的心去事奉母親，其愛心是相同的；拿事奉父親的心去事奉君王，其尊敬的心是相同的。事奉母親，是取其愛心；事奉君王，是取其敬心；而愛心、敬心二者兼有的，則是事奉父親的道理。

　　What is considered being respectful to our parents

　　 The section of the Classic of Filial Piety that talks about being a good official says, "In serving your mother, the love you show towards her should be the same as that shown to your father; in serving your superior, the respect you pay to him should be as much as that you pay to your father. Therefore, emphasizing love towards your father is the way of serving your mother and emphasizing respect is the way of serving your superior. That is to say having both love and the respect is exactly the way of serving your father."

　　對父母的孝順，要怎樣才算盡孝呢？《詩經‧小雅、小宛篇》上說﹕「夙興夜寐，無忝爾所生。」是不是這樣就夠了呢？在《孝經‧紀孝行章》提到侍奉父母還應注意：居上位的，不要驕傲自大；居下的，不要爲非作亂；在同事之間，應和順不可爭奪……。騙、亂、爭叁惡若不能除去，讓父母時時擔憂，即使每天用牛羊豬叁牲去奉養父母，仍算是不孝順啊！也就是說改掉自己的惡習，就是孝順。

　　What do you have to do to be considered filial to your parents

　　 The Xiaoya Xiaowan Chapter in the Book of Odessays, "From the time you rise in the morning till you retire at night, do nothing that would bring disgrace to those who gave birth to you." Is that enough

　　 The section of the Classic of Filial Piety that talks about filial conduct says, "In serving your parents, you should also pay attention to the following: If in a high position, do not be arrogant and conceited； if in a subordinate position, do not commit offenses and incite rebellion; get along with your colleagues and avoid contention... If you cannot avoid the three evils of arrogance, rebellion, and contention, causing your parents to worry constantly about you, then even if you served beef, mutton, and pork to your parents every day, you would not be considered filial!" In other words, filial piety consists of changing your own bad habits.

　　孝事父母時，要想到善事于佛，因爲父母賜給我們身體生命，佛卻救度我們的慧命；將事奉父母的愛心和敬心來事奉于佛，夙興夜寐，早起晚睡，勤謹工作，無忝爾所生，不要侮辱了生育你慧命的父母。那麼，孝順佛這樣就夠了嗎？如果你驕慢、爭鬥、貪吝種種的習氣毛病，老也不改，還是讓佛替你擔憂，仍算是不孝順啊！

　　When serving your parents in filial piety, you should also do a good job in serving the Buddhas, for while our parents have given us our physical bodies and lives, the Buddhas rescue our wisdom life. We ought to use the same affection and reverence with which we serve our parents to serve the Buddhas, rising early and retiring late, working diligently, and not doing anything that wou…

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