..续本文上一页eachings emerge."

　　平等的孝顺

　　IMPARTIAL FILIAL PIETY

　　《孝经》和《论语》是儒家流传最广的典籍。在古代五刑(墨、劓、剕、宫、大辟)所属的犯罪条例，有三千条之多，其中没有比不孝的罪行更大的。在宋仁宗时代，《孝经》更列入科举考试项目中，宋朝忠臣因此特别多。北史《儒林传》何妥中记载﹕「纳言苏威尝言于上曰﹕『臣先人每诫臣云﹕唯独《孝经》一卷，足可立身经国，何用多为。』」在汉明帝、唐玄宗时代，皇帝甚至批注《孝经》，诏令天下诵习，可以暸解中国人对孝道重视的程度。

　　The Classic of Filial Piety and the Confucian Analectsare the most well-known texts of Confucian philosophy. In ancient times, of the more than three thousand offenses meriting the five severe punishments (tattooing, cutting off the nose, cutting off the feet, castration, and capital punishment), none was considered worse than being unfilial. During the reign of Emperor Ren of the Song Dynasty, the Classic of Filial Piety became one of the texts covered in the imperial examination. As a result, the Song Dynasty had a particularly large number of loyal ministers. In the He Tuo Chapter of theNorthern History”s Annals of Scholars, it is recorded, "Su Wei once said to the Emperor: My late father often admonished me, saying: The study of the Classic of Filial Piety alone provides a sufficient basis for one”s life and for the managing of the nation”s affairs; what need is there to study additional texts

　　"” During the reigns of Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Xuan of the Tang Dynasty, those emperors even wrote commentaries on the Classic of Filial Piety and instructed all the people to recite and practice it. From this we can see what importance the Chinese place upon filial piety.

　　那么孝顺父母，该怎么做呢？《孝经‧士章》说，拿事奉父亲的心去事奉母亲，其爱心是相同的；拿事奉父亲的心去事奉君王，其尊敬的心是相同的。事奉母亲，是取其爱心；事奉君王，是取其敬心；而爱心、敬心二者兼有的，则是事奉父亲的道理。

　　What is considered being respectful to our parents

　　 The section of the Classic of Filial Piety that talks about being a good official says, "In serving your mother, the love you show towards her should be the same as that shown to your father; in serving your superior, the respect you pay to him should be as much as that you pay to your father. Therefore, emphasizing love towards your father is the way of serving your mother and emphasizing respect is the way of serving your superior. That is to say having both love and the respect is exactly the way of serving your father."

　　对父母的孝顺，要怎样才算尽孝呢？《诗经‧小雅、小宛篇》上说﹕「夙兴夜寐，无忝尔所生。」是不是这样就够了呢？在《孝经‧纪孝行章》提到侍奉父母还应注意：居上位的，不要骄傲自大；居下的，不要为非作乱；在同事之间，应和顺不可争夺……。骗、乱、争三恶若不能除去，让父母时时担忧，即使每天用牛羊猪三牲去奉养父母，仍算是不孝顺啊！也就是说改掉自己的恶习，就是孝顺。

　　What do you have to do to be considered filial to your parents

　　 The Xiaoya Xiaowan Chapter in the Book of Odessays, "From the time you rise in the morning till you retire at night, do nothing that would bring disgrace to those who gave birth to you." Is that enough

　　 The section of the Classic of Filial Piety that talks about filial conduct says, "In serving your parents, you should also pay attention to the following: If in a high position, do not be arrogant and conceited； if in a subordinate position, do not commit offenses and incite rebellion; get along with your colleagues and avoid contention... If you cannot avoid the three evils of arrogance, rebellion, and contention, causing your parents to worry constantly about you, then even if you served beef, mutton, and pork to your parents every day, you would not be considered filial!" In other words, filial piety consists of changing your own bad habits.

　　孝事父母时，要想到善事于佛，因为父母赐给我们身体生命，佛却救度我们的慧命；将事奉父母的爱心和敬心来事奉于佛，夙兴夜寐，早起晚睡，勤谨工作，无忝尔所生，不要侮辱了生育你慧命的父母。那么，孝顺佛这样就够了吗？如果你骄慢、争斗、贪吝种种的习气毛病，老也不改，还是让佛替你担忧，仍算是不孝顺啊！

　　When serving your parents in filial piety, you should also do a good job in serving the Buddhas, for while our parents have given us our physical bodies and lives, the Buddhas rescue our wisdom life. We ought to use the same affection and reverence with which we serve our parents to serve the Buddhas, rising early and retiring late, working diligently, and not doing anything that wou…

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