..续本文上一页ely, there are measureless, innumerable varieties of states. If a cultivator is not careful, he can easily fall into the demons” snares. In general, all people who make use of deviant knowledge and views belong to the retinue of demons. People with proper knowledge and viewpoints, however, belong to the retinue of Buddhas.

　　行深般若波罗蜜多时，才能认清魔的境界，不会被其动摇。这时候，不但照见五蕴皆空，也度一切苦厄。五蕴皆空，即是真空，所谓：

　　真空无人我，

　　大道无形相。

　　Only when we practice the profound Prajnaparamita can we recognize the demons clearly and not be shaken or influenced by them. When we practice thus, not only can we shine through the Five Aggregates and see how they are all empty, but we also cross beyond all suffering and difficulty. The emptiness of the Five Aggregates is True Emptiness. As a saying goes,

　　True Emptiness is free of self and others;

　　The great Way is free of shape and features.

　　一切苦厄，就是三灾八难之苦厄。

　　Suffering and difficulty refers to the three disasters and the eight types of difficulties.

　　若能将这四句经文的法，修到炉火纯青的时候，就证得八风吹不动的境界。何谓八风？就是称、讥、苦、乐、利、衰、毁、誉。这八种风，能把没有定力的人，吹得昏头转向，不知东西南北。今将这八风浅释如下：

　　If we can cultivate the Dharma in this verse to perfection, we will attain a state in which the Eight Winds cannot affect us. What are the Eight Winds

　　 They are praise, ridicule, pain, pleasure, gain, loss, defamation, and honor. The Eight Winds blow people who lack samadhi-power head over heels, until they cannot tell east from west. Let”s look more closely at these eight winds:

　　(一)称：就是称赞。人家称赞你一声，觉得比吃蜜还甜，心里很舒服。

　　1. Praise: This means adulation. When others praise you, it tastes as sweet as honey; it”s a comfortable sensation.

　　(二)讥：就是讥讽。人家讽刺你一句，就受不了，心里就不舒服。

　　2. Ridicule: This means somebody makes fun of you. If someone mocks you, even a little, you can”t stand it, and it”s a very uncomfortable sensation.

　　(三)苦：就是苦恼。受一点苦楚，烦恼就起来了；一切苦来折磨你，看你受得了受不了。

　　3. Pain: This means suffering. When you experience a little bit of suffering, you become afflicted. Whenever suffering behfalls you, it is a test to see whether or not you can forbear it.

　　(四)乐：就是快乐。受一点快乐，不要得意忘形；一切乐都是考验，看你怎么办？

　　4. Pleasure: This refers to happiness. You should not let a little happiness overwhelm you. All kinds of happy states are tests, to see what you will do with them.

　　(五)利：就是利益。得到利益就高兴，失去利益就悲哀，这是没有定力的表现。

　　5. Gain: This refers to getting advantages. You become pleased when you gain benefits and are sad when you lose them. This shows a lack of samadhi-power.

　　(六)衰：就是衰败。无论遇到什么艰难，要损失不计较，失败不动心。

　　6. Loss: This refers to failure. No matter what difficulties arise, we ought to take them in stride and not be upset when we lose out.

　　(七)毁：就是毁谤。有人毁谤你，说你的坏话，无所谓！应该处之泰然，自然风平浪静。

　　7. Defamation: This means slander. If someone insults you and spreads tales about you, you shouldn”t mind. You should let it pass, come what may. The entire episode will eventually calm down all by itself.

　　(八)誉：就是荣誉。有人赞叹你，宣传你的名望，仍要无动于衷，视功名犹如瓦上霜。

　　8. Honor: This refers to situations of exaltation. If you are praised by someone and he makes your name known, you should take it in stride and regard glory and honor as no more important than frost on the windowpane at dawn.

　　这八种风，是考验「心」的法门，在逆境不动心，在顺境也不动心。若是动心，就是修持不够，没有定力的功夫；若是不动心，便证明有功夫。但是不能自满，自我宣传：「八风也吹不动我，我的定力犹如金刚一般地坚固。」这样也不对。

　　The Eight Winds are dharmas that test your mind, to see whether adverse or favorable situations will upset your equilibrium. If they upset you, your cultivation still lacks maturity and you are deficient in the power of samadhi. Someone who remains unmoved by such states has realized genuine skill. Even so, he can”t feel complacent and boast "The Eight Winds cannot blow me over, because my samadhi is as solid as Vajra." That is also wrong.

　　在宋朝有位苏东坡居士，他对佛学略有研究。虽然他禅定功夫还不够，却自觉定力到了相当程度。有一天，心血来潮，灵感忽至，写了一首偈颂：「稽首天中天，毫光照大千，八风吹不动，端坐紫金莲。」他以为自己已经开悟，所以请佛印禅师给他印证，于是派遣侍者过江，把偈颂送到金山寺。

　　In the Song Dynasty, t…

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