..续本文上一页on. Hence, he moved their fence three feet back in as well.

　　After that, the path between the two houses became a big road, which made a great story on everybody”s lips at the time and caused a great sensation in the

　　big towns; it has about a thousand year”s history by now.

　　在「处事和做人」的学问之中，儒家认为其中二课是必修科，其一是『大学』，其二是『中庸』， 在这里与大家再一次温习『中庸』是如何教导「做人之道」的：

　　In the learning of “handle tasks and get along with people”, the Confucianists think these two lessons are required courses: one is The Great Learning; another is The Doctrine of the Mean (two of the books from the Four Books of Confucian philosophy). Let”s review how The Doctrine of the Mean teach us about “the way of being a good man”:

　　孔子说：「我憎恶那些表面看似是好，而实在是不好的人；就好像稻田中的莠草，它搅乱了稻苗；我憎恶那些花言巧语的人，恐怕他们搅乱了道义；我憎恶那些口甜舌滑的人，恐怕他们搅乱了诚信；我憎恶那些邻国的淫声，恐怕他搅乱了雅乐；我憎恶那些黑混红的紫色，恐怕它搅乱了朱红的正色。」

　　Confucius said, “I loathe those who appear to be good people, but deep down they are actually very bad ones; it”s just like the weeds in the rice field, they would only disturb the rice seedlings. I loathe those who are full of delicate flatteries, I am afraid they would disturb morality and justice. I loathe those who are full of sweet talks and smooth tongues, I am afraid they would disturb honesty and trust. I loathe those lascivious noises in the neighboring countries, I am afraid they would disturb the righteous ceremonial music and classical music. I loathe the purple color that is mixed by black and red, I am afraid it will confuse others with the true color of red.”

　　孔子说：「君子所作所为，都是依照中庸提倡的道理和方法；小人所作所为，都是违背中庸的道理。君子实践中庸的道理，也就是时时刻刻谨守无过、不及的原则；小人做事则违背中庸的道理，因此就会没有顾忌而胆大妄为。」

　　Confucius said, “Gentlemen”s behavior would always follow the principle and manners that advocates in The Doctrine of the Mean, and petty men”s behavior always against the principle of The Doctrine of the Mean. Gentlemen would put the principle of The Doctrine of the Mean into practice, which means they would always obey the principle of neither more or less. However, the petty men”s way of dealing with tasks is always against the principle of The Doctrine of the Mean. Therefore, they are unscrupulous and fear nothing.”

　　孔子说：「忠和恕是离开正道不远的，不愿意加在自己身上的东西，切勿加在别人的身上。」

　　Confucius said, “Loyalty and forgiveness are never far from the righteous way. Do not do to others what you don”t want to be done to you.”

　　孔子说：「平常的行为注意道德操守，平时说话要小心谨慎。品德、学问有不足的地方，不敢不勉力去追求和改进。」

　　Confucius said, “Watch out our daily behavior, to see if it meets morality and integrity. Be extra cautious with our daily speech. If there”s something insufficient in our virtue and learning, we should do our best to pursue and improve without hesitation.”

　　孔子说：「射箭有些像君子的作风，射不中箭靶的中心，就要检讨及反省自己的不足，而不是埋怨外间风力及阳光影响自己的成绩。」

　　Confucius said, “Archery is somewhat like gentlemen”s attitude, if their arrows cannot reach to the target center, they would examine and introspect their inadequacy, but not blaming the wind and the sunlight for affecting the results.”

　　孔子说：「君子推行大道，例如仁义、忠孝之道，就好像走远路一样，必定从近处开始；又譬如登山，必定从低处开始。」

　　Confucius said, “Gentlemen would carry out the great way, such as the way of Humaneness, Righteousness, Loyalty and Filial piety. It”s like walking a long road one must start from the nearest point; it is also like climbing a mountain one must start from a low point.”

　　孔子说：「以上的道理，有些人生下来就知道了，称为『生而知之』，有些人要经过学习才知道，称为『学而知之』；有些人则要在困苦之中或者在挫折之中才能领悟到其中的道理，称为『困而知之』。虽然，领悟道理的入门和方法不一样，但所明白的道理是相同的。」

　　Confucius said, “The reasons mentioned above, some people know it innately, it”s called, “innate knowledge”; some people need to learn it, it”s called, “learned knowledge”; some people need to comprehend it through experiencing sufferings or frustrations, it”s called, “experienced knowledge”. Though the gateway and methods may be different, the reasons they understand are the same.”

　　…

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