..续本文上一页-nature is the host, and it is pure. So Ajnatakaundinya became enlightened, and his name means "one who understands the original limit," because he understood the basic principle.
声闻众僧，「不论女男」：女人也可以证果，男人也可以证果，证果就是声闻，就是阿罗汉。好像鸠摩罗什法师的母亲，就是证三果的圣人。
The Shravaka Sangha, both men and women: Women can realize the fruition, and so can men. Once they realize the fruition, they are called Hearers, or Arhats. Dharma Master Kumarajiva”s mother, for instance, realized the third fruition of sagehood.
「四谛观行」：观行，就是观察来修行。观察修行什么呢？四谛法：苦、集、灭、道。知苦、断集、慕灭、修道，要修这四谛的法门。
Contemplate and practice the four holy truths: Hearers contemplate and cultivate the four holy truths of suffering, accumulation, cessation, and the Way. They know suffering, cut off accumulation, yearn for cessation, and cultivate the Way, thus cultivating the Dharma-door of the Four Holy Truths.
「隐实示权」：本来这些个声闻，有的是大权教的菩萨，来示现权教的声闻，所以这叫「隐实」，把实在的功德都隐起来了。「示权」，示，就是指示；权，就是权巧方便。你不要认为他是声闻，是小乘，你就轻看他，不要这样子。他不是完全都是大菩萨，但其中一定有大乘菩萨，他又现一个小乘的身，来接引这个小乘，回小向大，所以叫「隐实示权」。
Concealing the real and displaying the provisional: Some of the Hearers were actually great Bodhisattvas of the provisional teaching. They manifested as Hearers who practiced the provisional teaching; thus, they are said to be "concealing the real." They hid away their true merit and virtue. "Displaying the provisional" means instructing by means of clever and skillful expedients. Therefore, you shouldn”t take them to be Hearers, followers of the Small Vehicle; don”t look down on them. Not all of them are great Bodhisattvas, but some of them certainly are. Those Bodhisattvas of the Great Vehicle manifest as followers of the Small Vehicle in order to gather in those of the Small Vehicle, and then guide them to turn from the small toward the great. This is called "concealing the real and displaying the provisional."
(五)天法界
六欲梵天，五戒十善；
种有漏因，轮回难断。
(5) The Dharma Realm of Gods
The six desire and Brahma gods,
With five precepts and ten good acts,
Plant seeds that have outflows,
So the turning wheel is hard to stop.
「六欲梵天」：六欲天，就叫欲界天。有欲界天、色界天、无色界天，这叫三界。我们现在都在这个六欲天的四王天里包括着。我们直接所看见的这个天，就叫四王天，有四大天王管着。这个天是在须弥山的半山腰上。
The six desire and Brahma gods: The six Desire Heavens are the heavens of the Desire Realm. The Desire Realm, the Form Realm, and the Formless Realm are called the Three Realms. Right now, we are under the Heaven of the Four Kings, which is one of the six Desire Heavens. The heaven which we can see directly is the Heaven of the Four Kings, ruled by the Four Great Heavenly Kings. This Heaven is located halfway up Mount Sumeru.
古来中国的人，不知道有佛，就只知道有上帝。所以商汤王的时候，他祭天就用黑牛来祭天，他说：「曰。予小子履。敢用玄牡。敢昭告于皇皇后帝。……朕躬有罪。无以万方。万方有罪。罪在朕躬。」他说「曰，予小子履」：汤王他的名字叫履，他说小子，就是很客气说我是一个很没有用的小子，一个小孩的样子。「敢用玄牡」：就是我敢用黑色的牛，「敢昭告于皇皇后地」：我很至诚恳切地，告诉大的上帝。说什么呢？说「朕躬有罪，无以万方」：朕我一个人若是有罪，不要加到一般老百姓身上去。万方，就是万方的老百姓。「万方有罪，罪在朕躬」：说一般老百姓如果有罪，不怪他们，因为我没有教化好他们，所以他们的罪都应该给我。
The people of ancient China recognized the supreme lord, but did not know about the Buddha. In the Shang Dynasty, Emperor Tang used a black bull as an offering to the supreme lord and said, "I, Lu, but a small child, presume to use this black bull in venturing to make known to the Supreme Ruling Lord that if I have offenses, they are not the people”s, and if the people have offenses, the offenses rest with me." Emperor Tang”s name was Lu, and he referred to himself as a small child out of respect for the supreme lord. He earnestly told the Lord that if he made errors, the citizens should not be blamed, and that if the common folk of his country committed offenses, the responsibility should rest with the Emperor for not having taught them correctly.
所以古来的圣人，他是这样自己责罚自己，不像现在的人，明明自己有罪，还说：「喔！不关我事，那是他的。」「那是他的不对嘛！怎能怪我呢？」「你这个上帝，真是不公平，为什么他那么有钱？我这么穷？为什么他那么样出贵？我这么样贱？」总是怨天尤人，什么事情不说自己的不对，就找人家的不是。古来的圣人，是认自己错的。
The ancient sages and wo…
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